汽轮机变工况模型的简便建立方法及应用
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摘要
鉴于汽轮机详细变工况计算方法在实际计算过程中很难开展,本文提出了一种根据机组热平衡图构造变工况计算模型的简便方法,并采用该方法建立了汽轮机定流量和定功率变工况计算模型。以某超临界660 MW机组为例,运用所建立的定功率变工况模型计算得到机组典型工况下的各参数值,计算结果与设计值相比误差较小;运用所建立的定流量变工况模型计算得到了四阀全开工况下主蒸汽压力、主蒸汽温度、再热蒸汽温度、再热压损和排汽压力变化对热耗率和功率的修正曲线,与制造厂提供的修正曲线相比误差较小。这表明所建立的变工况计算模型精度较高,满足工程计算的要求。
Since the detailed variable condition calculating method of steam turbine is very difficult to be used in the actual calculation process, a simple method to construct variable condition model according to heat balance diagram of the unit was proposed. By employing this method, calculation model of constant flow and constant power variable condition for steam turbines were developed. Moreover, by taking a supercritical 660 MW unit as an example, this model was applied to calculate the values of typical parameters under different typical conditions,and comparison between the calculated values and designed valves indicates the deviation was small. Furthermore,the correcting curves of main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheat steam temperature, reheater pressure drop and exhaust steam pressure on heat rate and power under VWO condition were also obtained. The difference between the calculated correcting curves and that provided by the manufacturer was small. It demonstrates that the accuracy of the above variable condition model is high and can meet requirements of engineering calculations.
Since the detailed variable condition calculating method of steam turbine is very difficult to be used in the actual calculation process, a simple method to construct variable condition model according to heat balance diagram of the unit was proposed. By employing this method, calculation model of constant flow and constant power variable condition for steam turbines were developed. Moreover, by taking a supercritical 660 MW unit as an example, this model was applied to calculate the values of typical parameters under different typical conditions,and comparison between the calculated values and designed valves indicates the deviation was small. Furthermore,the correcting curves of main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheat steam temperature, reheater pressure drop and exhaust steam pressure on heat rate and power under VWO condition were also obtained. The difference between the calculated correcting curves and that provided by the manufacturer was small. It demonstrates that the accuracy of the above variable condition model is high and can meet requirements of engineering calculations.
引文
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[14]张乐乐,张燕平,黄树红,等.汽轮机湿蒸汽区蒸汽焓值的计算模型研究[J].动力工程学报,2013,33(4):272-277.ZHANG Lele,ZHANG Yanping,HUANG Shuhong,et al.Steam enthalpy calculation model for wet steam region of steam turbines[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2013,33(4):272-277.
[15]吴仲.给水泵汽轮机的运行特性及热经济性分析[D].保定:华北电力大学,2008:13-14.WU Zhong.Operational characteristic and heat economy analysis of boiler feed water pump turbine[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2008:13-14.
[2]徐曙.用Baumann公式估算汽轮机排汽压力对机组经济性的影响[J].汽轮机技术,2016,58(1):72-74.XU Shu.Estimate exhaust pressure of steam turbine on the economic impact with Baumann formula[J].Turbine Technology,2016,58(1):72-74.
[3]徐大懋,柯严,王世勇.汽轮机功率背压特性的通用计算方法及应用[J].热能动力工程,2010,25(6):605-608.XU Damao,KE Yan,WANG Shiyong.Universal method for calculating the power/back-pressure characteristics of steam turbine and its application[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy Power,2010,25(6):605-608.
[4]刘振刚,李太兴,王俊有,等.凝汽机组主蒸汽参数耗差分析方法的研究及其应用[J].热力透平,2008,37(1):59-62.LIU Zhengang,LI Taixing,WANG Junyou,et al.Research and application of energy loss analysis of main steam parameter for condensing steam turbine[J].Thermal Turbine,2008,37(1):59-62.
[5]盛德仁,任浩仁,陈坚红,等.汽轮机调峰运行时蒸汽初压的优化确定[J].动力工程,2000,20(5):809-812.SHENG Deren,REN Haoren,CHEN Jianhong,et al.Optimization of main steam pressure of steam turbine unit under cycling loading[J].Power Engineering,2000,20(5):809-812.
[6]陈小慧,高丹,胡三高.凝汽机组主蒸汽参数与热耗修正曲线的变工况简便算法[J].汽轮机技术,2014,56(1):53-55.CHEN Xiaohui,GAO Dan,HU Sangao.A simple variable condition calculation method of main Steam parameters and the heat rate crrection curves of the condensate unit[J].Turbine Technology,2014,56(1):53-55.
[7]李慧君,刘学敏.基于新型变工况算法的汽轮机初压优化研究[J].热力发电,2013,42(6):1-5.LI Huijun,LIU Xuemin.A new variable condition algorithm based study on initial steam pressure optimization for steam turbines[J].Thermal Power Generation,2013,42(6):1-5.
[8]周兰欣,华敏,王为,等.机组参数与热耗修正曲线的变工况计算法[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(5):387-390.ZHOU Lanxin,HUA Min,WANG Wei,et al.A variable condition calculation method for main steam parameters and the heat rate correction curves[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2011,31(5):387-390.
[9]方超.漏汽率试验时调节级无温度测点的解决方法[J].热力透平,2012,41(4):276-279.FANG Chao.Solution to regulating stage with no temperature measure point during steam leakage rate examination[J].Thermal Turbine,2012,41(4):276-279.
[10]江宁,曹祖庆.调节级通用曲线的计算及应用[J].汽轮机技术,2003,45(1):17-19.JIANG Ning,CAO Zuqing.The calculation and application of turbines’s velocity stage master curve[J].Turbine Technology,2003,45(1):17-19.
[11]徐大懋,邓德兵,王世勇,等.汽轮机的特征通流面积及弗留格尔公式改进[J].动力工程学报,2010,30(7):473-477.XU Damao,DENG Debing,WANG Shiyong,et al.Application of characteristic flow area of steam turbines and improvement on Flügel formula[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2010,30(7):473-477.
[12]Performance test codes on steam turbines:ASME PTC6-2004[S].
[13]曹丽华,周云龙,李勇.汽轮机通流部分故障诊断基准值的研究[J].汽轮机技术,2009,51(2):132-134.CAO Lihua,ZHOU Yunlong,LI Yong.Study on the norm for fault diagnosis of steam turbine flow passage[J].Turbine Technology,2009,51(2):132-134.
[14]张乐乐,张燕平,黄树红,等.汽轮机湿蒸汽区蒸汽焓值的计算模型研究[J].动力工程学报,2013,33(4):272-277.ZHANG Lele,ZHANG Yanping,HUANG Shuhong,et al.Steam enthalpy calculation model for wet steam region of steam turbines[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2013,33(4):272-277.
[15]吴仲.给水泵汽轮机的运行特性及热经济性分析[D].保定:华北电力大学,2008:13-14.WU Zhong.Operational characteristic and heat economy analysis of boiler feed water pump turbine[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2008:13-14.