夏播绿豆抗倒性分析及机收品种筛选
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摘要
为明确夏播绿豆不同品种(系)的抗倒伏能力,筛选适宜机械化收获的绿豆品种,以适宜鲁西北地区夏播种植的绿豆新品种(系)为材料,利用成熟期绿豆植株地上部和地下部性状的测定值,建构起4类不同的抗倒指数。结果表明,实际倒伏程度与抗倒指数呈极显著负相关,尤其与多因子抗倒指数[(根鲜重×茎秆强度)/(株高×地上部鲜重×分枝数)×100]相关性最为密切,以此作为综合指标来评价材料的抗倒性发现,德绿0518和苏抗2号抗倒伏能力较强。进而采用灰色综合评判法对机收绿豆品种的优劣进行多目标综合评判,显示:绿豆14、德绿0518、绿豆16和LPX08灰色综合评判值较高,田间表现抗倒性强或中等,产量及构成性状较好,适宜作为机收品种应用。该研究可为绿豆高产栽培、机械化收获和抗倒品种选育提供参考。
In order to evaluate the lodging resistance of different varieties(lines) of summer sowing mung bean and select cultivars suitable for mechanized harvesting, 18 new mung bean varieties adapted to the northwestern Shandong Province were used as materials to construct four indexes of lodging resistant(ILRs) by measuring the characters of aerial part and underground portion at mature stage. The correlation analysis indicated that the actual lodging degree had significantly negative correlation with ILRs, especially with the multi-factor index [(fresh root weight×stem mechanized strength)/(plant height×fresh shoot weight×branch number)×100]. Using the multi-factor index as the comprehensive evaluating index, the cultivars Delü 0518 and Sukang 2 were selected with high lodging resistance. The grey comprehensive evaluation method was adopted to evaluate the mung bean cultivars suitable for mechanized harvesting. The multi-objective evaluation results showed that Lüdou 14, Delü 0518, Lüdou 16 and LPX08 had higher comprehensive evaluation values, stronger or medium lodging resistance, high yield and its components, so they were suitable for mechanized harvesting. This study could provide references for high-yielding cultivation, mechanized harvesting and variety selection with lodging resistance of mung bean.
In order to evaluate the lodging resistance of different varieties(lines) of summer sowing mung bean and select cultivars suitable for mechanized harvesting, 18 new mung bean varieties adapted to the northwestern Shandong Province were used as materials to construct four indexes of lodging resistant(ILRs) by measuring the characters of aerial part and underground portion at mature stage. The correlation analysis indicated that the actual lodging degree had significantly negative correlation with ILRs, especially with the multi-factor index [(fresh root weight×stem mechanized strength)/(plant height×fresh shoot weight×branch number)×100]. Using the multi-factor index as the comprehensive evaluating index, the cultivars Delü 0518 and Sukang 2 were selected with high lodging resistance. The grey comprehensive evaluation method was adopted to evaluate the mung bean cultivars suitable for mechanized harvesting. The multi-objective evaluation results showed that Lüdou 14, Delü 0518, Lüdou 16 and LPX08 had higher comprehensive evaluation values, stronger or medium lodging resistance, high yield and its components, so they were suitable for mechanized harvesting. This study could provide references for high-yielding cultivation, mechanized harvesting and variety selection with lodging resistance of mung bean.
引文
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[2]王乐政,华方静,高凤菊,等.绿豆新品系德绿06-9的选育及配套栽培技术[J].安徽农学通报,2017,23(2/3):17,53.
[3]张耀文,赵雪英.山西省绿豆生产现状及发展方向[J].山西农业科学,2005,33(2):14-16.
[4]刘慧.我国绿豆生产现状和发展前景[J].农业展望,2012(6):36-39.
[5]赵雪英,张春明,闫虎斌,等.绿豆机械化栽培技术集成及适宜品种筛选[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(10):1095-1097.
[6]周蓉,王贤智,张晓娟,等.大豆种质倒伏抗性评价方法研究[J].大豆科学,2007,26(4):484-489.
[7]郑跃进,王翠玲,郑和平,等.玉米区域试验新品种的灰色关联度综合评判[J].河南科技大学学报,2009,30(4):68-71,120.
[8]章永根,陆玉其,杨金法.直播机收油菜新品种筛选及灰色综合评判[J].浙江农业科学,2010(5):1004-1007.
[9]梅林森.带状套作大豆植株机收特性及化学催熟研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2013.
[10]程须珍,王素华,王丽侠,等.绿豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[11]邱丽娟,常汝镇,刘章雄,等.大豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[12]陈雪,曹其聪,司玉君,等.山东地区夏大豆适合机收品种筛选[J].山东农业科学,2018,50(4):40-42.
[13]李娜,邱牧,黄进勇,等.鲁西地区适宜机收玉米品种特征特性研究[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(7):55-58.
[14]黄璐,乔江方,刘京宝,等.夏玉米不同密植群体抗倒性及机收指标探讨[J].华北农学报,2015,30(2):198-201.