丹霞苹果F_1代主要性状遗传趋势研究
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摘要
以丹霞苹果作母本,选配津轻、嘎啦、晋霞、羽红、金冠、丹霞和富士苹果品种作父本,配置了7个杂交组合,获得795株F_1代实生苗,调查分析了F_1代杂种苗果实主要经济性状(果重、果型、色泽、可溶性固形物及综合品质)遗传变异趋势。结果表明,F_1代实生苗有以下变异趋势:(1)果实主要经济性状明显返祖退化,总的遗传趋势是果实变小,果型指数变小,彩色指数递减,可溶性固形物含量变低,果实品质变差;(2)主要经济性状呈现明显趋中变异现象,即F_1代果实经济性状表型均值大多介于双亲表型值范围之间;(3)F_1杂种实生苗果实主要经济性状反向超亲遗传率高于正向超亲遗传率。正向超亲遗传为新品种选育提供可能。
795 apple hybrid seedlings were obtained,which came from 7 hybrid combinations of Dan-xia apple crossed by Jin-qing,Gala,Jinxia,Yu-hong,Golden Delicious,Dan-xia and Fuji apple.The genetic tendency of the main economic characters(fruit weight,fruit shape,superficial colour,soluble solid content and comprehensive quality)of fruit in F_1 generation was investigated and analyzed.The results showed that :(1)There were obvious atavistic degradation trend in the F_1 generation,namely getting smaller with the fruit size and fruit shape index,lighter with superficial colour,lower with fruit soluble solid content and poorer with comprehensive quality;(2)There was a clear trend of phenomenon variation,namely the phenomenon value of the 5 traits in F_1 generation was fall in the range among the value of the two parents;(3)The rate of disappointed seedlings with atavistic transgressive genetic traits was higher than that of the expected seedlings in F_1,which mighe offer the opportunity for new variety breeding activity.
795 apple hybrid seedlings were obtained,which came from 7 hybrid combinations of Dan-xia apple crossed by Jin-qing,Gala,Jinxia,Yu-hong,Golden Delicious,Dan-xia and Fuji apple.The genetic tendency of the main economic characters(fruit weight,fruit shape,superficial colour,soluble solid content and comprehensive quality)of fruit in F_1 generation was investigated and analyzed.The results showed that :(1)There were obvious atavistic degradation trend in the F_1 generation,namely getting smaller with the fruit size and fruit shape index,lighter with superficial colour,lower with fruit soluble solid content and poorer with comprehensive quality;(2)There was a clear trend of phenomenon variation,namely the phenomenon value of the 5 traits in F_1 generation was fall in the range among the value of the two parents;(3)The rate of disappointed seedlings with atavistic transgressive genetic traits was higher than that of the expected seedlings in F_1,which mighe offer the opportunity for new variety breeding activity.
引文
[1]韩明玉.我国苹果产业发展形势与任务分析[R].运城:第二届山西(运城)国际果品交易博览会论坛,2017.
[2]魏钦平.苹果老龄低效园更新关键栽培技术[R].运城:第二届山西(运城)国际果品交易博览会论坛,2017.
[3]陈玄琚,程恩明,孙俊杰,等.‘丹霞’苹果优质丰产栽培管理技术[J].山西果树,2002(2):10-11.
[4]沈德绪.果树育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社出版,1995:161-162.
[5]过国南,郭兆年,阎淑芝,等.苹果杂交后代经济性状的遗传变异分析[J].果树科学,1994,11(2):71-75.
[6]张贵平,曹建明,孙俊杰,等.苹果杂交后代果实经济性状遗传规律分析[J].农业技术与装备,2010(20):12-15.
[7]刘志,伊凯,王冬梅,等.富士苹果果实外观品质性状的遗传[J].果树学报,2004,21(6):505-511.
[8]刘平,彭士琪,郭振怀,等.果树主要经济性状的遗传动态[J].河北林果研究,2002,17(3):267-274.
[2]魏钦平.苹果老龄低效园更新关键栽培技术[R].运城:第二届山西(运城)国际果品交易博览会论坛,2017.
[3]陈玄琚,程恩明,孙俊杰,等.‘丹霞’苹果优质丰产栽培管理技术[J].山西果树,2002(2):10-11.
[4]沈德绪.果树育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社出版,1995:161-162.
[5]过国南,郭兆年,阎淑芝,等.苹果杂交后代经济性状的遗传变异分析[J].果树科学,1994,11(2):71-75.
[6]张贵平,曹建明,孙俊杰,等.苹果杂交后代果实经济性状遗传规律分析[J].农业技术与装备,2010(20):12-15.
[7]刘志,伊凯,王冬梅,等.富士苹果果实外观品质性状的遗传[J].果树学报,2004,21(6):505-511.
[8]刘平,彭士琪,郭振怀,等.果树主要经济性状的遗传动态[J].河北林果研究,2002,17(3):267-274.