确权颁证对农户宅基地流转行为的影响研究——来自温州市的经验证据
|
摘要
推动宅基地"三权分置"的关键在于放活宅基地使用权和有效推动宅基地流转市场的形成,为了识别农户宅基地使用权流转决策,选择作为改革试验区的温州市,从宅基地确权颁证视角进行理论与实证分析。研究结果表明,宅基地确权显著促进宅基地使用权流转,相对没有确权的宅基地,确权之后宅基地进入流转市场的概率要高13%。分样本检验表明,对于认同宅基地资格权仅属于村集体经济组织成员的分样本,确权会显著促进宅基地流转;对不认同宅基地资格权属于村集体经济组织成员的分样本,确权没有显著促进作用。确权颁证会让农户更加渴望国家放松对宅基地流转的限制,增强流转宅基地的信心。确权颁证有利于激活宅基地流转市场,有助于宅基地"三权分置"的实现。
The key to promoting the separation of the three powers of the homestead was to release the right to use the homestead effectively and to promote the formation of the homestead circulation market. In order to identify the transfer decision of the farmer's homestead use right, this paper chose Wenzhou as the reform pilot zone. Theoretical and empirical analysis was carried out from the perspective of homestead confirmation. The research results showed that the right of homestead had significantly promoted the transfer of the right to use the homestead. Relatively, the homestead with no power was confirmed. On average, the probability of the homestead entering the transfer market after the confirmation of power was 13% higher. The sub-sample test showed that for those sub-samples that agreed that the right of homestead qualification belonged only to the farmers, the confirmation of rights would significantly promote circulation, but for those sub-samples that did not agree that the right to homestead qualification belonged only to the farmers, the confirmation of rights did not significantly promote the role. Further analysis showed that the confirmation of homesteads would make farmers more eager for the state to relax restrictions on the transfer of homesteads. Therefore, the research in this paper clarified that the power certification was conducive to the activation of the homestead circulation market, thus promoting the realization of the "three powers separation" of the homestead.
The key to promoting the separation of the three powers of the homestead was to release the right to use the homestead effectively and to promote the formation of the homestead circulation market. In order to identify the transfer decision of the farmer's homestead use right, this paper chose Wenzhou as the reform pilot zone. Theoretical and empirical analysis was carried out from the perspective of homestead confirmation. The research results showed that the right of homestead had significantly promoted the transfer of the right to use the homestead. Relatively, the homestead with no power was confirmed. On average, the probability of the homestead entering the transfer market after the confirmation of power was 13% higher. The sub-sample test showed that for those sub-samples that agreed that the right of homestead qualification belonged only to the farmers, the confirmation of rights would significantly promote circulation, but for those sub-samples that did not agree that the right to homestead qualification belonged only to the farmers, the confirmation of rights did not significantly promote the role. Further analysis showed that the confirmation of homesteads would make farmers more eager for the state to relax restrictions on the transfer of homesteads. Therefore, the research in this paper clarified that the power certification was conducive to the activation of the homestead circulation market, thus promoting the realization of the "three powers separation" of the homestead.
引文
[1] 郑风田. 振兴乡村必须打破城乡资源流动的障碍[J]. 农村工作通讯, 2017(24): 48.ZHENG F T.Revitalizing the countryside must break the barriers to urban and rural resource flows[J].Rural Work Communication, 2017(24): 48.(in Chinese)
[2] 张怡然, 邱道持, 李艳, 等. 农民工进城落户与宅基地退出影响因素分析:基于重庆市开县357份农民工的调查问卷[J]. 中国软科学, 2011(5): 62-68.ZHANG Y R, QIU D C, LI Y, et al. An analysis of the influencing factors for migrant workers settling into the city and exit mechanism for rural residential land based on 357 surveys of migrant workers from Kai County[J].China Soft Science,2011(5):62-68.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3] 钱龙, 钱文荣, 陈方丽. 农户分化、产权预期与宅基地流转:温州试验区的调查与实证[J]. 中国土地科学, 2015, 29(9): 19-26.QIAN L, QIAN W R, CHEN F L. Farmers' Differentiation, Expectations of property and rural housing land transference based on the survey and empirical analysis of Wenzhou[J]. China Land Sciences, 2015, 29(9): 19-26.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 钱龙, 钱文荣, 郑思宁. 市民化能力、法律认知与农村宅基地流转:基于温州试验区的调查与实证[J]. 农业经济问题, 2016(5):59-68.QIAN L, QIAN W R, ZHENG S N. Ability to be citizenship,legal awareness and housing land circulation: based on the investigation and empirical test of Wenzhou experimental district[J]. Issues in Agricultural Economy,2016(5):59-68.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 顾龙友. 对农村宅基地制度改革试点实践的思考(下)[J]. 中国土地, 2018(1): 36-38.GU L Y. Reflections on the pilot practice of rural homestead system reform (part II)[J]. China Land, 2018(1): 36-38.(in Chinese)
[6] 上官彩霞, 冯淑怡, 陆华良, 等. 不同模式下宅基地置换对农民福利的影响研究:以江苏省"万顷良田建设"为例[J]. 中国软科学, 2017(12): 87-99.SHANGGUAN C X, FENG S Y, LU H L, et al. Impact of rural residential land replacement on farmers'welfare under different modes: taking ‘ten thousand hectare fertile farmland construction' in Jiangsu Province as an example[J]. China Soft Science, 2017(12): 87-99.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 吴远来, 梅雨. 宅基地置换实践中政府行为偏差分析[J]. 农业经济问题, 2014, 35(11): 104-108.WU Y L, MEI Y. The analysis on deviation of government behaviors in rural residential land replacement practice[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2014, 35(11): 104-108.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 叶兴庆, 李荣耀. 进城落户农民“三权”转让的总体思路[J]. 农业经济问题, 2017, 38(2):9-14.YE X Q, LI R Y. The general idea of the transfer of “three powers” for farmers settled in the city[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2017, 38(2): 9-14.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] 庄开明, 黄敏. 农村宅基地自愿退出中的要价博弈均衡分析[J]. 经济体制改革, 2017(5):83-87.ZHUANG K M,HUANG M. Bargaining equilibrium on rural residential land[J].Reform of the Economic System, 2017(5): 83-87. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] 周文, 赵方, 杨飞, 等. 土地流转、户籍制度改革与中国城市化:理论与模拟[J]. 经济研究, 2017, 52(6): 183-197.ZHOU W,ZHAO F, YANG F, et al. Land transfer,reform of household registration system and urbanization in China: theoretical and simulation test[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2017, 52(6): 183-197. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 张占仓. 中国农业供给侧结构性改革的若干战略思考[J]. 中国农村经济, 2017(10): 26-37.ZHANG Z C. Strategic considerations on supply-side structural reform in agriculture in China[J]. China Rural Economy,2017(10): 26-37.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 韩文龙, 谢璐. 宅基地“三权分置”的权能困境与权能实现解析[J]. 农业经济问题, 2018(5): 60-71.HAN W L, XIE L. The plight of power and realization of the power for the “three rights division”of the homestead in countryside[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2018(5): 60-71.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] 易小燕, 陈印军, 袁梦. 基于Shapley值法的农村宅基地置换成本收益及分配分析:以江苏省万顷良田建设工程X项目区为例[J]. 农业经济问题, 2017(2):45-52.YI X Y, CHEN Y J, YUAN M. Analysis of the cost-benefit and distribution of rural homestead replacement based on shapley value method: taking the X project area of wanjian liangtian construction project in Jiangsu Province as an example[J]. Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2017(2): 45-52.(in Chinese)
[14] 吴郁玲, 石汇, 王梅,等. 农村异质性资源禀赋、宅基地使用权确权与农户宅基地流转:理论与来自湖北省的经验[J]. 中国农村经济, 2018, 401(5):52-67.WU Y L, SHI H, WANG M, et al. Different resource endowment, rural housing land registry and rural housing land circulation: atheoretical analysis and empirical observations from Hubei[J]. China Rural Economy, 2018, 401(5): 52-67.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] R·科斯, A·阿尔钦, D·诺斯. 财产权利与制度变迁:产权学派与新制度学派译文集[M]. 上海: 三联书店, 1994.
[16] 哈罗德德姆赛茨. 关于产权的理论[J]. 经济社会体制比较, 1990(6):49-55.HAROLD D. Theory of property rights[J]. Comparative Economic & Social Systems, 1990(6): 49-55.(in Chinese)
[17] 巴泽尔.产权的经济分析[M].上海:三联书店,2002.
[18] 威廉姆森. 资本主义经济制度:论企业签约和市场签约[M] 北京:商务印书馆,2002.
[19] 道格拉斯·诺斯.西方世界的兴起[M]. 北京:华夏出版社,2017.
[20] GOLDSTEINA M, HOUNGBEDJIB K, KONDYLIS F. Formalization without certification: experimental evidence on property rights and investment[J].Journal of Development Economics, 2018(132):57-74.
[21] DEININGER K, JIN S. Tenure security and land-related investment: evidence from Ethiopia[J].European Economic Review, 2006, 50(5): 1245-1277.
[22] 黄季煜, 冀县卿. 农地使用权确权与农户对农地的长期投资[J]. 管理世界, 2012(9): 76-81.HUANG J Y, JI X Q. The verification of the right to use farmland and farmers'long-term investment in farmland[J]. Management World, 2012(9): 76-81. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23] 程令国, 张晔, 刘志彪. 农地确权促进了中国农村土地的流转吗?[J]. 管理世界, 2016(1):88-98.CHENG L G, ZHANG Y, LIU Z B. Does farmland confirm the transfer of rural land in China?[J]. Management World, 2016 (1): 88-98. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24] 彭魏倬加, 李中. 农村土地确权与农村金融发展关系:基于湖南县域的实证研究[J]. 经济地理, 2016, 36(7):160-166.PENG W Z J, LI Z. Relationship between the adjudication of land-rights in rural areas and the development of rural finance: an empirical study based on the county domain in Hunan Province[J]. Economic Geography, 2016, 36(7): 160-166. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25] 阮荣平, 徐一鸣, 郑风田. 水域滩涂养殖使用权确权与渔业生产投资:基于湖北、江西、山东和河北四省渔户调查数据的实证分析[J]. 中国农村经济, 2016(5):56-70. RUAN R P,XU Y M,ZHENG F T. The confirmation of right to use aquaculture in aquaculture and fishery production investment: an empirical analysis based on survey data of fishermen in Hubei, Jiangxi, Shandong and Hebei Provinces[J]. China Rural Economy, 2016(5): 56-70.(in Chinese)
[26] 吉登艳, 马贤磊, 石晓平. 土地产权安全对土地投资的影响:一个文献综述[J]. 南京农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2014(3):52-61.JI D Y, MA X L, SHI X P. Impact of land tenure security on land investment: a literature study[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University (Social Science Edition), 2014 (3): 52-61.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[27] 黄忠华, 杜雪君. 农户非农化、利益唤醒与宅基地流转:基于浙江农户问卷调查和有序Logit模型[J]. 中国土地科学, 2011(8):48-53.HUANG Z H, DU X J. Leaving agriculture, interest arousing and rural residential land transfer: an ordered logit model and a survey in Zhejiang Province[J]. China Land Science, 2011 (8): 48-53.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[28] 唐丽. 宅基地使用权确权对农户宅基地流转意愿的影响研究[D]. 武汉:华中师范大学, 2016.TANG L. Impact of homestead rights confirmation and peasants' desire to homestead transfermation[D]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2016.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[29] 张菡冰, 李翔, 柳乾坤, 等. 宅基地使用权去身份化改革的两难困局及其突破[J]. 中国土地科学, 2015(8):49-54.ZHANG H B, LI X, LIU Q K, et al. The dilemma and solution of the disidentifi cation-oriented reform of rural residential land system[J]. China Land Science, 2015(8):49-54. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30] 周琳, 黄忠华. 农户土地流转行为及其影响因素实证分析:基于浙江的调研[J]. 中国房地产, 2017(3): 20-28. ZHOU L, HUANG Z H. Farmers' land transferring behavior and its determinants: based on Zhejiang's survey[J].China Real Estate,2017(3): 20-28. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] 张怡然, 邱道持, 李艳, 等. 农民工进城落户与宅基地退出影响因素分析:基于重庆市开县357份农民工的调查问卷[J]. 中国软科学, 2011(5): 62-68.ZHANG Y R, QIU D C, LI Y, et al. An analysis of the influencing factors for migrant workers settling into the city and exit mechanism for rural residential land based on 357 surveys of migrant workers from Kai County[J].China Soft Science,2011(5):62-68.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3] 钱龙, 钱文荣, 陈方丽. 农户分化、产权预期与宅基地流转:温州试验区的调查与实证[J]. 中国土地科学, 2015, 29(9): 19-26.QIAN L, QIAN W R, CHEN F L. Farmers' Differentiation, Expectations of property and rural housing land transference based on the survey and empirical analysis of Wenzhou[J]. China Land Sciences, 2015, 29(9): 19-26.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 钱龙, 钱文荣, 郑思宁. 市民化能力、法律认知与农村宅基地流转:基于温州试验区的调查与实证[J]. 农业经济问题, 2016(5):59-68.QIAN L, QIAN W R, ZHENG S N. Ability to be citizenship,legal awareness and housing land circulation: based on the investigation and empirical test of Wenzhou experimental district[J]. Issues in Agricultural Economy,2016(5):59-68.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 顾龙友. 对农村宅基地制度改革试点实践的思考(下)[J]. 中国土地, 2018(1): 36-38.GU L Y. Reflections on the pilot practice of rural homestead system reform (part II)[J]. China Land, 2018(1): 36-38.(in Chinese)
[6] 上官彩霞, 冯淑怡, 陆华良, 等. 不同模式下宅基地置换对农民福利的影响研究:以江苏省"万顷良田建设"为例[J]. 中国软科学, 2017(12): 87-99.SHANGGUAN C X, FENG S Y, LU H L, et al. Impact of rural residential land replacement on farmers'welfare under different modes: taking ‘ten thousand hectare fertile farmland construction' in Jiangsu Province as an example[J]. China Soft Science, 2017(12): 87-99.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 吴远来, 梅雨. 宅基地置换实践中政府行为偏差分析[J]. 农业经济问题, 2014, 35(11): 104-108.WU Y L, MEI Y. The analysis on deviation of government behaviors in rural residential land replacement practice[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2014, 35(11): 104-108.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 叶兴庆, 李荣耀. 进城落户农民“三权”转让的总体思路[J]. 农业经济问题, 2017, 38(2):9-14.YE X Q, LI R Y. The general idea of the transfer of “three powers” for farmers settled in the city[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2017, 38(2): 9-14.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] 庄开明, 黄敏. 农村宅基地自愿退出中的要价博弈均衡分析[J]. 经济体制改革, 2017(5):83-87.ZHUANG K M,HUANG M. Bargaining equilibrium on rural residential land[J].Reform of the Economic System, 2017(5): 83-87. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] 周文, 赵方, 杨飞, 等. 土地流转、户籍制度改革与中国城市化:理论与模拟[J]. 经济研究, 2017, 52(6): 183-197.ZHOU W,ZHAO F, YANG F, et al. Land transfer,reform of household registration system and urbanization in China: theoretical and simulation test[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2017, 52(6): 183-197. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 张占仓. 中国农业供给侧结构性改革的若干战略思考[J]. 中国农村经济, 2017(10): 26-37.ZHANG Z C. Strategic considerations on supply-side structural reform in agriculture in China[J]. China Rural Economy,2017(10): 26-37.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 韩文龙, 谢璐. 宅基地“三权分置”的权能困境与权能实现解析[J]. 农业经济问题, 2018(5): 60-71.HAN W L, XIE L. The plight of power and realization of the power for the “three rights division”of the homestead in countryside[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2018(5): 60-71.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] 易小燕, 陈印军, 袁梦. 基于Shapley值法的农村宅基地置换成本收益及分配分析:以江苏省万顷良田建设工程X项目区为例[J]. 农业经济问题, 2017(2):45-52.YI X Y, CHEN Y J, YUAN M. Analysis of the cost-benefit and distribution of rural homestead replacement based on shapley value method: taking the X project area of wanjian liangtian construction project in Jiangsu Province as an example[J]. Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2017(2): 45-52.(in Chinese)
[14] 吴郁玲, 石汇, 王梅,等. 农村异质性资源禀赋、宅基地使用权确权与农户宅基地流转:理论与来自湖北省的经验[J]. 中国农村经济, 2018, 401(5):52-67.WU Y L, SHI H, WANG M, et al. Different resource endowment, rural housing land registry and rural housing land circulation: atheoretical analysis and empirical observations from Hubei[J]. China Rural Economy, 2018, 401(5): 52-67.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] R·科斯, A·阿尔钦, D·诺斯. 财产权利与制度变迁:产权学派与新制度学派译文集[M]. 上海: 三联书店, 1994.
[16] 哈罗德德姆赛茨. 关于产权的理论[J]. 经济社会体制比较, 1990(6):49-55.HAROLD D. Theory of property rights[J]. Comparative Economic & Social Systems, 1990(6): 49-55.(in Chinese)
[17] 巴泽尔.产权的经济分析[M].上海:三联书店,2002.
[18] 威廉姆森. 资本主义经济制度:论企业签约和市场签约[M] 北京:商务印书馆,2002.
[19] 道格拉斯·诺斯.西方世界的兴起[M]. 北京:华夏出版社,2017.
[20] GOLDSTEINA M, HOUNGBEDJIB K, KONDYLIS F. Formalization without certification: experimental evidence on property rights and investment[J].Journal of Development Economics, 2018(132):57-74.
[21] DEININGER K, JIN S. Tenure security and land-related investment: evidence from Ethiopia[J].European Economic Review, 2006, 50(5): 1245-1277.
[22] 黄季煜, 冀县卿. 农地使用权确权与农户对农地的长期投资[J]. 管理世界, 2012(9): 76-81.HUANG J Y, JI X Q. The verification of the right to use farmland and farmers'long-term investment in farmland[J]. Management World, 2012(9): 76-81. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23] 程令国, 张晔, 刘志彪. 农地确权促进了中国农村土地的流转吗?[J]. 管理世界, 2016(1):88-98.CHENG L G, ZHANG Y, LIU Z B. Does farmland confirm the transfer of rural land in China?[J]. Management World, 2016 (1): 88-98. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24] 彭魏倬加, 李中. 农村土地确权与农村金融发展关系:基于湖南县域的实证研究[J]. 经济地理, 2016, 36(7):160-166.PENG W Z J, LI Z. Relationship between the adjudication of land-rights in rural areas and the development of rural finance: an empirical study based on the county domain in Hunan Province[J]. Economic Geography, 2016, 36(7): 160-166. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25] 阮荣平, 徐一鸣, 郑风田. 水域滩涂养殖使用权确权与渔业生产投资:基于湖北、江西、山东和河北四省渔户调查数据的实证分析[J]. 中国农村经济, 2016(5):56-70. RUAN R P,XU Y M,ZHENG F T. The confirmation of right to use aquaculture in aquaculture and fishery production investment: an empirical analysis based on survey data of fishermen in Hubei, Jiangxi, Shandong and Hebei Provinces[J]. China Rural Economy, 2016(5): 56-70.(in Chinese)
[26] 吉登艳, 马贤磊, 石晓平. 土地产权安全对土地投资的影响:一个文献综述[J]. 南京农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2014(3):52-61.JI D Y, MA X L, SHI X P. Impact of land tenure security on land investment: a literature study[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University (Social Science Edition), 2014 (3): 52-61.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[27] 黄忠华, 杜雪君. 农户非农化、利益唤醒与宅基地流转:基于浙江农户问卷调查和有序Logit模型[J]. 中国土地科学, 2011(8):48-53.HUANG Z H, DU X J. Leaving agriculture, interest arousing and rural residential land transfer: an ordered logit model and a survey in Zhejiang Province[J]. China Land Science, 2011 (8): 48-53.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[28] 唐丽. 宅基地使用权确权对农户宅基地流转意愿的影响研究[D]. 武汉:华中师范大学, 2016.TANG L. Impact of homestead rights confirmation and peasants' desire to homestead transfermation[D]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2016.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[29] 张菡冰, 李翔, 柳乾坤, 等. 宅基地使用权去身份化改革的两难困局及其突破[J]. 中国土地科学, 2015(8):49-54.ZHANG H B, LI X, LIU Q K, et al. The dilemma and solution of the disidentifi cation-oriented reform of rural residential land system[J]. China Land Science, 2015(8):49-54. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30] 周琳, 黄忠华. 农户土地流转行为及其影响因素实证分析:基于浙江的调研[J]. 中国房地产, 2017(3): 20-28. ZHOU L, HUANG Z H. Farmers' land transferring behavior and its determinants: based on Zhejiang's survey[J].China Real Estate,2017(3): 20-28. (in Chinese with English abstract)