山西介休市实际蒸散发模拟及变化特征分析
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摘要
为准确评价中小城市实际蒸散发(ET),采用物理机制明确的分布式时变增益水文模型(DTVGM)对介休市蒸散发进行模拟,以MOD16A2遥感产品验证分析蒸散发时空分布特征,并探讨了土地利用变化对蒸散发的影响。结果表明,DTVGM在研究区具有良好的适用性,总体模拟效果满足精度要求;介休市多年平均蒸散发量为375.4mm;年内呈现先增大后减小的单峰型分布趋势,主要集中在5～9月,蒸散发量最小和最大月值分别为14.0、71.7mm;多年平均蒸散发量具有较强的空间分异性,呈东南高西北低的变化趋势,不同季节蒸散发量的空间分布差异明显;不同土地利用类型蒸散发,林地>草地>耕地>城乡、工矿、居民用地;同一乡镇,不同土地利用类型对蒸散发的影响有差别;同一土地利用类型在不同乡镇的蒸散发也有差异。
In order to accurately estimate actual evapotranspiration(ET)in small and medium-sized cities,distributed time-variant gain model(DTVGM)with a deterministic physical mechanism was used to simulate ET,and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of ET was analyzed by the MOD16 A2 remote sensing products.Meanwhile,it discusses land use changes and their impact on ET.The results show that the DTVGM has good applicability in the research area,and the simulation consequents meet the accuracy requirement.The multi-year average ETin Jiexiu City is 375.4 mm,the variation of seasonal ET presents a single-peak distribution trend,which is first increases and then decreases,and is mainly concentrated in May and September.The minimum and maximum value of monthly ETis 14.0 mm and 71.7 mm respectively.The multi-year average EThas a strong spatial heterogeneity,showing a trend of low change in northwest,high change in southeast,and the spatial distribution of ETin different seasons is distinct.Evapotranspiration of different land-use types is ranked as descending order:forestland,grassland,cultivated land,urban/industrial/residential land.The impact of different land-use types on the ETis different in the same town,while the same land-use type on the ETis different in different towns.
In order to accurately estimate actual evapotranspiration(ET)in small and medium-sized cities,distributed time-variant gain model(DTVGM)with a deterministic physical mechanism was used to simulate ET,and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of ET was analyzed by the MOD16 A2 remote sensing products.Meanwhile,it discusses land use changes and their impact on ET.The results show that the DTVGM has good applicability in the research area,and the simulation consequents meet the accuracy requirement.The multi-year average ETin Jiexiu City is 375.4 mm,the variation of seasonal ET presents a single-peak distribution trend,which is first increases and then decreases,and is mainly concentrated in May and September.The minimum and maximum value of monthly ETis 14.0 mm and 71.7 mm respectively.The multi-year average EThas a strong spatial heterogeneity,showing a trend of low change in northwest,high change in southeast,and the spatial distribution of ETin different seasons is distinct.Evapotranspiration of different land-use types is ranked as descending order:forestland,grassland,cultivated land,urban/industrial/residential land.The impact of different land-use types on the ETis different in the same town,while the same land-use type on the ETis different in different towns.
引文
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[2]张小琳,王卫光,陈曙光,等.基于HBV模型的实际蒸散发估算模型评估[J].水电能源科学,2015,33(2):15-18,41.
[3]郑文武.城市地表蒸散发遥感反演研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.
[4]高学睿,陆垂裕,秦大庸,等.基于URMOD模型的市区蒸散发模拟与遥感验证[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(S1):117-123.
[5]MU Q,HEINSCH F A,ZHAO M,et al.Development of a Global Evapotranspiration Algorithm Based on MODIS and Global Meteorology Data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2007,111(4):519-536.
[6]MU Q,ZHAO M,RUNNING S W.Improvements to a MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Algorithm[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(8):1 781-1 800.
[7]CLEUGH H A,LEUNING R,MU Q,et al.Regional Evaporation Estimates from Flux Tower and MODIS Satellite Data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2007,106(3):285-304.
[8]贺添,邵全琴.基于MOD16产品的我国2001-2010年蒸散发时空格局变化分析[J].地球信息科学,2014,16(6):979-988.
[9]TANG R,SHAO K,LI Z L,et al.Multiscale Validation of the 8-day MOD16 Evapotranspiration Product Using Flux Data Collected in China[J].IEEEJournal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2015,8(4):1 478-1 486.
[10]夏军,王纲胜,吕爱峰,等.分布式时变增异流域水循环模拟[J].地理学报,2003,58(5):789-796.
[11]LI L,XIA J,XU C,et al.Evaluation of the Subjective Factors of the GLUE Method and Comparison with the Formal Bayesian Method in Uncertainty Assessment of Hydrological Models[J].Journal of Hydrology,2010,390:210-221.
[12]王纲胜.分布式时变增益水文模型理论与方法研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2005.
[13]杨晶.介休市蒸发量变化特征及影响因子分析[C]//第32届中国气象学会年会S5干旱陆面过程与气候变化,北京,2015.