坝光银叶树湿地园空气颗粒物浓度变化研究
|
摘要
在不同季节对深圳坝光银叶树(Heritiera littoralis)湿地园内不同地点的空气颗粒物浓度(TSP、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)及PM_(1.0))进行了8:00、10:00、12:00、14:00及16:00时共5个时间点的观测。结果表明,空气颗粒物浓度在不同监测区域、季节和时间均存在显著差异(P<0.001)。深圳坝光银叶树湿地园TSP、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)年均值低于Ⅱ级标准浓度限值,TSP和PM_(10)日均值低于Ⅱ级标准浓度限值,PM_(2.5)日均值低于Ⅰ级标准浓度限值。在空间上表现为古银叶树群落区域的空气颗粒物浓度最高,海边区域最低;在季节上,较高浓度的TSP、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)出现在夏秋季,较高浓度的PM_(1.0)则出现在秋冬季;在时间上表现为正午的空气颗粒物浓度最低。
In order to understand the air pollution condition in Heritiera littoralis wetland park in Shenzhen,Guangdong, we monitored the air particle matters, including TSP, PM_(10), PM_(2.5) and PM_(1.0), in three sites within the park at 8:00、10:00、12:00、14:00 and 16:00 for three days in different seasons. The results showed that, there were significant differences in concentrations of air particle matters among sites, periods and seasons(P<0.001).The annual average concentrations of TSP, PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were lower than the limiting value of level Ⅱ of the national standard, and the daily average concentrations of TSP and PM_(10) were lower than the level Ⅰ of the national standard. Among three observation sites, the highest particle concentrations were observed in H. littoralis community, and the lowest were in seaside area. Among four seasons, relatively high concentrations of TSP, PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were observed in summer and autumn, relatively high concentration of PM_(1.0) were in autumn and winter.During daytime, the highest concentration of particles occurred at noon.
In order to understand the air pollution condition in Heritiera littoralis wetland park in Shenzhen,Guangdong, we monitored the air particle matters, including TSP, PM_(10), PM_(2.5) and PM_(1.0), in three sites within the park at 8:00、10:00、12:00、14:00 and 16:00 for three days in different seasons. The results showed that, there were significant differences in concentrations of air particle matters among sites, periods and seasons(P<0.001).The annual average concentrations of TSP, PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were lower than the limiting value of level Ⅱ of the national standard, and the daily average concentrations of TSP and PM_(10) were lower than the level Ⅰ of the national standard. Among three observation sites, the highest particle concentrations were observed in H. littoralis community, and the lowest were in seaside area. Among four seasons, relatively high concentrations of TSP, PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were observed in summer and autumn, relatively high concentration of PM_(1.0) were in autumn and winter.During daytime, the highest concentration of particles occurred at noon.
引文
[1]FREERSMITH P H,BECKETT K P,TAYLOR G.Deposition velocities to Sorbus aria,Acer campestre,Populus deltoides×trichocarpa‘Beaupre’,Pinus nigra and×Cupressocyparis leylandii for coarse,fine and ultra-fine particles in the urban environment.[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,133(1):157-167.
[2]刘玉兴,李忠如,浦庄芬.空气中总悬浮颗粒物与可吸入颗粒物的相关变化[J].上海环境科学,1988(3):26-27.
[3]刘岩磊,孙岚,张英鸽.粒径小于2.5微米可吸入颗粒物的危害[J].国际药学研究杂志,2011,38(6):428-431.
[4]董雪玲.大气可吸入颗粒物对环境和人体健康的危害[J].资源与产业,2004,6(5):50-53.
[5]中国环境科学研究院.GB 3095-2012环境空气质量标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012.
[6]潘月云,陈多宏,叶斯琪,等.广东省大气污染典型案例特征及其影响因素分析[J].安全与环境工程,2017,24(2):58-66.
[7]简曙光,唐恬,张志红,等.中国银叶树种群及其受威胁原因[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2004,43(s1):91-96.
[8]陈晓霞,李瑜,茹正忠,等.深圳坝光银叶树群落结构与多样性[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(6):1487-1498.
[9]范继英,唐学君.深圳市大鹏半岛古银叶树群保护对策探讨[J].华东森林经理,2016,30(2):66-68.
[10]喻本德,叶有华,郭微,等.生态保护红线分区建设模式研究:以广东大鹏半岛为例[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(6):962-971.
[11]中日友好环境保护中心,国家环境分析测试中心.HJ618-2011环境空气.PM10和PM2.5的测定.重量法[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011.
[12]吴巧花,陈步峰,翟石磊,等.广州市城郊森林公园雨季空气颗粒物浓度特征[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(8):1368-1374.
[13]张霖琳,刀谞,王超,等.我国四个大气背景点颗粒物浓度及其元素分布特征[J].环境化学,2015(1):70-76.
[14]林鑫涛,叶诺楠,王彬,等.亚热带常绿树种对不同粒径颗粒物的滞留能力[J].广西植物,2016,36(2):170-176.
[15]张维康,王兵,牛香.北京不同污染地区园林植物对空气颗粒物的滞纳能力[J].环境科学,2015(7):2381-2388.
[16]谢丽宏,黄芳芳,甘先华,等.城市森林净化大气颗粒物污染作用研究进展[J].林业与环境科学,2017,33(3):96-103.
[17]JIN S,GUO J,WHEELER S,et al.Evaluation of impacts of trees on PM2.5,dispersion in urban streets[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,99(99):277-287.
[18]毛恒青.气象条件对大气污染物扩散的影响[J].山东气象,1991(4):9-13.
[19]杜荣光,齐冰,郭惠惠,等.杭州市大气逆温特征及对空气污染物浓度的影响[J].气象与环境学报,2011,27(4):49-53.
[20]石灵芝.城市大气颗粒物(PM10)源解析与浓度预测及气象因素影响研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.
[21]朱珠,褚艳玲,吴锋.深圳大气污染特征模拟及环境容量估算[J].中国环境管理,2015,7(5):83-88.
[22]陈波,李少宁,鲁绍伟,等.北京大兴南海子公园PM2.5和PM10质量浓度变化特征[J].生态科学,2016(2):104-110.
[23]张青,黄昌前,宫正宇,等.颗粒物污染与环境条件因素影响相关性分析[J].绿色科技,2017(8):84-85.
[24]纪颖,范惠洁,王秋芳,等.颗粒物浓度与气象因素[J].环境与健康杂志,2008,25(6):554-555.
[2]刘玉兴,李忠如,浦庄芬.空气中总悬浮颗粒物与可吸入颗粒物的相关变化[J].上海环境科学,1988(3):26-27.
[3]刘岩磊,孙岚,张英鸽.粒径小于2.5微米可吸入颗粒物的危害[J].国际药学研究杂志,2011,38(6):428-431.
[4]董雪玲.大气可吸入颗粒物对环境和人体健康的危害[J].资源与产业,2004,6(5):50-53.
[5]中国环境科学研究院.GB 3095-2012环境空气质量标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012.
[6]潘月云,陈多宏,叶斯琪,等.广东省大气污染典型案例特征及其影响因素分析[J].安全与环境工程,2017,24(2):58-66.
[7]简曙光,唐恬,张志红,等.中国银叶树种群及其受威胁原因[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2004,43(s1):91-96.
[8]陈晓霞,李瑜,茹正忠,等.深圳坝光银叶树群落结构与多样性[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(6):1487-1498.
[9]范继英,唐学君.深圳市大鹏半岛古银叶树群保护对策探讨[J].华东森林经理,2016,30(2):66-68.
[10]喻本德,叶有华,郭微,等.生态保护红线分区建设模式研究:以广东大鹏半岛为例[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(6):962-971.
[11]中日友好环境保护中心,国家环境分析测试中心.HJ618-2011环境空气.PM10和PM2.5的测定.重量法[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011.
[12]吴巧花,陈步峰,翟石磊,等.广州市城郊森林公园雨季空气颗粒物浓度特征[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(8):1368-1374.
[13]张霖琳,刀谞,王超,等.我国四个大气背景点颗粒物浓度及其元素分布特征[J].环境化学,2015(1):70-76.
[14]林鑫涛,叶诺楠,王彬,等.亚热带常绿树种对不同粒径颗粒物的滞留能力[J].广西植物,2016,36(2):170-176.
[15]张维康,王兵,牛香.北京不同污染地区园林植物对空气颗粒物的滞纳能力[J].环境科学,2015(7):2381-2388.
[16]谢丽宏,黄芳芳,甘先华,等.城市森林净化大气颗粒物污染作用研究进展[J].林业与环境科学,2017,33(3):96-103.
[17]JIN S,GUO J,WHEELER S,et al.Evaluation of impacts of trees on PM2.5,dispersion in urban streets[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,99(99):277-287.
[18]毛恒青.气象条件对大气污染物扩散的影响[J].山东气象,1991(4):9-13.
[19]杜荣光,齐冰,郭惠惠,等.杭州市大气逆温特征及对空气污染物浓度的影响[J].气象与环境学报,2011,27(4):49-53.
[20]石灵芝.城市大气颗粒物(PM10)源解析与浓度预测及气象因素影响研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.
[21]朱珠,褚艳玲,吴锋.深圳大气污染特征模拟及环境容量估算[J].中国环境管理,2015,7(5):83-88.
[22]陈波,李少宁,鲁绍伟,等.北京大兴南海子公园PM2.5和PM10质量浓度变化特征[J].生态科学,2016(2):104-110.
[23]张青,黄昌前,宫正宇,等.颗粒物污染与环境条件因素影响相关性分析[J].绿色科技,2017(8):84-85.
[24]纪颖,范惠洁,王秋芳,等.颗粒物浓度与气象因素[J].环境与健康杂志,2008,25(6):554-555.