1987～2016年红崖山水库面积时空变化分析
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摘要
【目的】红崖山水库是亚洲最大的沙漠水库,对水库的水域变化进行监测与评估,目的在于保障水库调水能力和评估民勤绿洲水资源承载能力.【方法】利用收集的1987~2016年间95景Landsat TM/OLI影像和2景GF-1卫星遥感影像,选用基于阈值分割的改进归一化差异水体指数法(MNDWI),对红崖山水库近30a的水域动态信息进行提取.【结果】红崖山水库水域面积变化具有明显的季节性,水库水域面积总体呈现波动上升趋势,1987~1991年先下降,平均每年减少约2.1km~2;1991~1997年先上升后下降,期间水域面积总体增加,即由1991年的7.85km~2增加到1997年的11.44km~2,增加了3.59km~2;1997~2009年面积再次出现以2006年为转折点的先升后降的倒"V"型变化,即从1997年的11.44km~2增加到2006年的21.37km~2,再降到2009年的9.84km~2;2009~2016年间水域面积再次波动上升,上升了10.71km~2,其年际变化总体呈"W"型趋势.【结论】定期的农业灌溉、长期的扩建加固工程及人工增雨增雪是影响水库水域面积月际和年际变化的主要原因,人口数量下降和产业结构调整是间接影响因素.
【Objective】Hongaishan reservoir is the largest desert reservoir in Asia and the lifeline of people in Minqin County.Monitoring and evaluation of the water area of the reservoir is critical for protection and evaluation of water resources and carrying capacity in Minqin Oasis.【Method】95 Landsat TM/OLI and 2 GF-1 remote sensing imageries were collected for monitoring changes of water surface and analyzing the influencing factors by using Modified Normalized Difference Water Index(MNDWI)based on the threshold segmentation method from 1987 to 2016.【Result】The water area of Hongaishan reservoir showed an obvious seasonal variation and general increasing trend.It decreased from 1987 to 1991,and the average annual reduction was about 2.1 km~2.From 1991 to 1997,it increased firstly and then increased,and it increased by 3.39 km~2 from 1991(7.85 km~2)to 1997(11.44 km~2).And from 1997 to 2009,it increased form 11.44 km~2(1997)to 21.37(2006),and then to 9.84 km~2(2009).From 2009 to 2016,the area reached10.71 km~2.【Conclusion】Regular agricultural irrigation,long-term expansion and reinforcement projects,and artificially increasing rainfall and snowfall were the main factors affecting the monthly and interannual changes of reservoir water area.Population reduction and adjustment of industrial structure were the indirect factors.
【Objective】Hongaishan reservoir is the largest desert reservoir in Asia and the lifeline of people in Minqin County.Monitoring and evaluation of the water area of the reservoir is critical for protection and evaluation of water resources and carrying capacity in Minqin Oasis.【Method】95 Landsat TM/OLI and 2 GF-1 remote sensing imageries were collected for monitoring changes of water surface and analyzing the influencing factors by using Modified Normalized Difference Water Index(MNDWI)based on the threshold segmentation method from 1987 to 2016.【Result】The water area of Hongaishan reservoir showed an obvious seasonal variation and general increasing trend.It decreased from 1987 to 1991,and the average annual reduction was about 2.1 km~2.From 1991 to 1997,it increased firstly and then increased,and it increased by 3.39 km~2 from 1991(7.85 km~2)to 1997(11.44 km~2).And from 1997 to 2009,it increased form 11.44 km~2(1997)to 21.37(2006),and then to 9.84 km~2(2009).From 2009 to 2016,the area reached10.71 km~2.【Conclusion】Regular agricultural irrigation,long-term expansion and reinforcement projects,and artificially increasing rainfall and snowfall were the main factors affecting the monthly and interannual changes of reservoir water area.Population reduction and adjustment of industrial structure were the indirect factors.
引文
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[10]张兆鹏,李增元,李奇虎,等.基于GF-1遥感影像的2013-2015年民勤绿洲植被覆盖动态变化分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(2):163-170.
[11]王小军,陈翔舜,刘晓荣,等.基于3S技术的河西走廊地区土地盐渍化动态监测[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2015,50(5):114-119.
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[13]Mcfeeters S.The use of the Normalized Difference Water Index(NDWI)in the delineation of open water features[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1996,17(7):1425-1432.
[14]徐涵秋.利用改进的归一化差异水体指数(MNDWI)提取水体信息的研究[J].遥感学报,2005,9(5):589-595.
[15]丁凤.基于新型水体指数(NWI)进行水体信息提取的实验研究[J].测绘科学,2009,34(4):155-157.
[16]孙金彦,钱海明,王春林.基于GF-1遥感影像的河湖水域面积提取[J].江淮水利科技,2016(3):46-48.
[17]段秋亚,孟令奎,樊志伟,等.GF-1卫星影像水体信息提取方法的适用性研究[J].国土资源遥感,2015(4):79-84.
[18] Ohtsu N.A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms[J].IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern,1979,9(1):62-66.
[19]陈志昆.祁连山区近40a来降水特征研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.
[20]刘雪梅,张明军,王圣杰,等.2008-2014年祁连山区夏季降水的日变化特征及其影响素[J].地理学报,2016,71(5):754-767.
[21]柴尔红.羊河为何断流--写在石羊河断流,红崖山水库干涸之际[J].环境教育,2011(12):22-23.
[22]郭玉洁,蒋生连.干涸的水库[J].财经,2004(17):106-107.
[23]曹天玲.民勤教育移民中存在的问题和对策研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2012.
[2]张克祥,张国庆.MODIS监测的都阳湖水域面积变化研究(2000-2011年)[J].东华理工大学学报(社会科学版),2013,32(3):390-396.
[3]曹荣龙,李存军,刘良云,等.基于水体指数的密云水库面积提取及变化监测[J].测绘科学,2008,33(2):158-160.
[4]马振刚,李黎黎,艾立志.1978-2013年官厅水库面积变化的时空分析[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(3):428-434.
[5]曾忠平,卢新海.城市湖泊时空演变的遥感分析--以武汉市为例[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(5):648-654.
[6]钟海燕,赵小敏,黄宏胜.鄱阳湖区1971-2010年水域时空变化研究[J].水生态学杂志,2013,34(2):22-26.
[7]宫恒瑞,肖继东,李聪,等.基于MODIS卫星数据对艾比湖水域面积变化的监测[J].新疆气象,2005,28(2):18-20.
[8]刘治国.红崖山水库水环境变化趋势分析[J].甘肃农业,2007(10):82-82.
[9]尹亚坤.红崖山水库灌区水资源评价与承载能力研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2005.
[10]张兆鹏,李增元,李奇虎,等.基于GF-1遥感影像的2013-2015年民勤绿洲植被覆盖动态变化分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(2):163-170.
[11]王小军,陈翔舜,刘晓荣,等.基于3S技术的河西走廊地区土地盐渍化动态监测[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2015,50(5):114-119.
[12]万建鹏.基于Landsat TM/ETM+影像鄱阳湖地区水体提取研究[D].南昌:东华理工大学,2015.
[13]Mcfeeters S.The use of the Normalized Difference Water Index(NDWI)in the delineation of open water features[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1996,17(7):1425-1432.
[14]徐涵秋.利用改进的归一化差异水体指数(MNDWI)提取水体信息的研究[J].遥感学报,2005,9(5):589-595.
[15]丁凤.基于新型水体指数(NWI)进行水体信息提取的实验研究[J].测绘科学,2009,34(4):155-157.
[16]孙金彦,钱海明,王春林.基于GF-1遥感影像的河湖水域面积提取[J].江淮水利科技,2016(3):46-48.
[17]段秋亚,孟令奎,樊志伟,等.GF-1卫星影像水体信息提取方法的适用性研究[J].国土资源遥感,2015(4):79-84.
[18] Ohtsu N.A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms[J].IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern,1979,9(1):62-66.
[19]陈志昆.祁连山区近40a来降水特征研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.
[20]刘雪梅,张明军,王圣杰,等.2008-2014年祁连山区夏季降水的日变化特征及其影响素[J].地理学报,2016,71(5):754-767.
[21]柴尔红.羊河为何断流--写在石羊河断流,红崖山水库干涸之际[J].环境教育,2011(12):22-23.
[22]郭玉洁,蒋生连.干涸的水库[J].财经,2004(17):106-107.
[23]曹天玲.民勤教育移民中存在的问题和对策研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2012.