河南省生态旅游与精准扶贫协调发展的SWOT分析
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摘要
通过分析河南省生态旅游资源及贫困区空间分布特征,运用SWOT分析方法,对生态旅游与精准扶贫协调发展状况进行综合研究。结果表明:生态旅游区和贫困地区具有地域重叠性与发展目标一致性的特点;拥有自然生态旅游资源丰富、文化底蕴深厚、生态旅游资源空间分布广的优势,也有政府、企业和公众等可持续发展意识总体较淡薄、外向度评价较低、旅游接待条件薄弱的劣势,具有政府大力支持、贫困区居民发展旅游热情高涨的机遇,还有外部资金介入导致旅游开发和旅游扶贫利益不对等、不合理的旅游开发与可持续发展相矛盾的威胁。未来应通过深化完善管理机制、合理定位战略方向、充分论证规划方案、依托当地资源、慎重平衡利益分配等对策开展工作。
The paper had made a comprehensive study on the coordinated development of eco-tourism and precision poverty alleviation by the SWOT analysis method through the analysis of the ecological tourism resources and the spatial distribution characteristics of the poor areas in Henan Province. The ecological tourism area and the poor area of Henan Province had the characteristics of regional overlap and development goal consistency. There were advantages that had abundant ecological resources,profound cultural background,and extensive and centralized spatial distribution of eco-tourism resources. There were also disadvantages such as the government,the overall awareness of sustainable development of enterprises and the public is still relatively weak,and the extroverted degree evaluation is relatively low,relatively low level of tourism. The opportunities included the effective support of the government,the poor residents of the district tourism development enthusiasm. The threats such as external funding resulted in the development of tourism poverty alleviation benefit was coordinated,tourism exploitation and sustainable development of the unreasonable contradiction. In the future,the management mechanism should deepen and perfect,the strategic direction should be rationally located,the planning plan should be fully demonstrated,and local resources should be relied on,the distribution of benefits should be carefully balanced and other measures should be carried out on the work.
The paper had made a comprehensive study on the coordinated development of eco-tourism and precision poverty alleviation by the SWOT analysis method through the analysis of the ecological tourism resources and the spatial distribution characteristics of the poor areas in Henan Province. The ecological tourism area and the poor area of Henan Province had the characteristics of regional overlap and development goal consistency. There were advantages that had abundant ecological resources,profound cultural background,and extensive and centralized spatial distribution of eco-tourism resources. There were also disadvantages such as the government,the overall awareness of sustainable development of enterprises and the public is still relatively weak,and the extroverted degree evaluation is relatively low,relatively low level of tourism. The opportunities included the effective support of the government,the poor residents of the district tourism development enthusiasm. The threats such as external funding resulted in the development of tourism poverty alleviation benefit was coordinated,tourism exploitation and sustainable development of the unreasonable contradiction. In the future,the management mechanism should deepen and perfect,the strategic direction should be rationally located,the planning plan should be fully demonstrated,and local resources should be relied on,the distribution of benefits should be carefully balanced and other measures should be carried out on the work.
引文
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[22]国务院扶贫开发领导小组办公室.国务院扶贫办关于印发《扶贫开发建档立卡工作方案》的通知[EB/OL].(2014-04-11)[2017-01-20].http://www.cpad.gov.cn/art/2014/4/11/art_50_23761.html.
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[24]杜军伟.河南三山一滩农村扶贫开发问题研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2015.
[25]田明.我省四年实现550多万农村人口脱贫[N].河南日报(农村版),2015-10-16(01).
[26]朱玉芳.河南省生态旅游资源状况及开发的简要评价[J].河南林业科技,2008(4):46-49.
[27]陈佳平.河南生态旅游资源评价与开发[M].郑州:郑州大学出版社,2011.
[28]杨朝兴.建设美丽河南的林业探索[J].创新科技,2014(14):6-7.
[29]郑东军.中原文化与河南地域建筑研究[D].天津:天津大学,2008.
[30]河南省人民政府.关于印发河南省大别山伏牛山太行山贫困地区群众脱贫工程规划(2014—2020年)的通知[EB/OL].(2014-10-31)[2017-01-20].http://www.henan.gov.cn/zwgk/system/2014/11/26/010509716.shtml.
[31]周侃,樊杰.中国欠发达地区资源环境承载力特征与影响因素——以宁夏西海固地区和云南怒江州为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(1):39-52.
[32]Dvarskas A.Dynamically Linking Economic Models to Ecological Condition for Coastal Zone Management:Application to Sustainable Tourism Planning[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,188:163-172.
[33]武真奕.生态旅游资源开发对当地产业发展的影响探析[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2016,10(4):77-80.
[2]何山,向泽毅,梁云.精准扶贫中旅游产业SWOT分析及提升策略研究——以湖南省保靖县为例[J].西南民族大学学报(自然科学版),2017,43(2):209-214.
[3]王迎涛.基于旅游业集群的河南省旅游业结构升级优化[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(2):96-100.
[4]Cornet C.Tourism Development and Resistance in China[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2015,52:29-43.
[5]李艺璇,曾雄旺,杨帆.贫困山区发展乡村旅游的策略——以花垣县新科村为例[J].湖南农业科学,2017(2):94-96.
[6]Cobbinah P B,Erdiaw-Kwasie M O,Amoateng P.Rethinking Sustainable Development within the Framework of Poverty and Urbanisation in Developing Countries[J].Environmental Development,2015,13:18-32.
[7]黄薇薇,吴悦,沈非.边缘型旅游地特征、形成机制与发展路径——以安徽省宣城市为例[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(1):108-114.
[8]陈佳平.郑州城市生态旅游空间构建与发展策略研究[J].地域研究与开发,2013,32(4):94-97.
[9]邱云美.欠发达地区生态旅游可持续发展模式研究[J].经济地理,2010,30(2):334-338.
[10]黄利剑.新低碳经济下漳州市生态旅游开发研究[J].漳州职业技术学院学报,2017(1):50-54.
[11]钟林生,马向远,曾瑜皙.中国生态旅游研究进展与展望[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(6):679-690.
[12]是丽娜,王国聘.我国生态旅游环境教育理论研究述评[J].学术交流,2011(12):131-134.
[13]朱青晓.我国自然保护区生态旅游可持续发展的伦理学思考[J].地域研究与开发,2008,27(1):73-76.
[14]钟涨宝,李飞.插花贫困地区村庄的不同主体在精准扶贫中的心态分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017,17(2):10-17.
[15]姜英朝,田慧霞,潘运伟.河南省生态旅游可持续发展研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(19):8229-8231.
[16]Wu C,Tsai H.Capacity Building for Tourism Development in A Nested Social-ecological system:A Case Study of the South Penghu Archipelago Marine National Park,Taiwan[J].Ocean&Coastal Management,2016,123:66-73.
[17]徐健楠,宫殷婷.基于SWOT模型的森林公园旅游开发研究——以山东伟德山国家森林公园为例[J].中国林业经济,2017(2):92-94.
[18]Jr T,Barros Y,Develey P F,et al.Improving Reintroduction Planning and Implementation through Quantitative SWOT Analysis[J].Journal for Nature Conservation,2015,28:149-159.
[19]罗艳玲.河南省生态旅游资源开发潜力评价及可持续发展策略[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(9):40-47.
[20]张晓峰.河南省生态旅游的开发现状与发展对策研究[J].产业与科技论坛,2015,14(17):23-24.
[21]魏俊巧,孙凌云.河南生态旅游可持续发展的研究[J].经济研究导刊,2014(12):161-162.
[22]国务院扶贫开发领导小组办公室.国务院扶贫办关于印发《扶贫开发建档立卡工作方案》的通知[EB/OL].(2014-04-11)[2017-01-20].http://www.cpad.gov.cn/art/2014/4/11/art_50_23761.html.
[23]河南省人民政府办公厅.中共河南省委办公厅河南省人民政府办公厅关于印发《河南省扶贫对象精准识别及管理办法》等5个办法的通知[EB/OL].(2016-09-21)[2017-01-20].http://www.xinan.gov.cn/sitegroup/root/html.
[24]杜军伟.河南三山一滩农村扶贫开发问题研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2015.
[25]田明.我省四年实现550多万农村人口脱贫[N].河南日报(农村版),2015-10-16(01).
[26]朱玉芳.河南省生态旅游资源状况及开发的简要评价[J].河南林业科技,2008(4):46-49.
[27]陈佳平.河南生态旅游资源评价与开发[M].郑州:郑州大学出版社,2011.
[28]杨朝兴.建设美丽河南的林业探索[J].创新科技,2014(14):6-7.
[29]郑东军.中原文化与河南地域建筑研究[D].天津:天津大学,2008.
[30]河南省人民政府.关于印发河南省大别山伏牛山太行山贫困地区群众脱贫工程规划(2014—2020年)的通知[EB/OL].(2014-10-31)[2017-01-20].http://www.henan.gov.cn/zwgk/system/2014/11/26/010509716.shtml.
[31]周侃,樊杰.中国欠发达地区资源环境承载力特征与影响因素——以宁夏西海固地区和云南怒江州为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(1):39-52.
[32]Dvarskas A.Dynamically Linking Economic Models to Ecological Condition for Coastal Zone Management:Application to Sustainable Tourism Planning[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,188:163-172.
[33]武真奕.生态旅游资源开发对当地产业发展的影响探析[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2016,10(4):77-80.