点火时刻对甲醇发动机燃烧及非法规排放的影响
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摘要
针对甲醇发动机低温冷起动困难,在1台由1130单缸柴油机改造而成的直喷火花点火甲醇发动机上,利用CFD模拟软件AVL-Fire耦合甲醇氧化反应机理,通过电热塞将进气温度加热到283K,研究了点火时刻对甲醇发动机低温(266K)冷起动燃烧及非法规排放的影响。结果表明:提前点火时刻能够使缸内混合气得到较充分燃烧,减少未燃甲醇排放,当点火时刻由8°BTDC提前到11°BTDC时未燃甲醇排放显著减少;提前点火时刻能够降低甲醛排放,当点火时刻提前到17°BTDC、缸内最高燃烧温度超过1 300K时,甲醛快速氧化,甲醛排放显著减少。
For the cold start problem of methanol engine,one 1130 single-cylinder diesel engine was retrofitted to direct injection spark ignition methanol engine and the influences of ignition timing on methanol combustion and non-compulsory emission during cold start at 266 Kwere researched by simulating the oxidation reaction mechanism of methanol with AVL-Fire software and preheating the intake to 283 Kwith the electric heater plug.The simulation results show that advancing the ignition timing can improve the combustion and reduce the unburned methanol emission.When the ignition timing advances from 8°CA BTDC to 11°CA BTDC,the unburned methanol emission decreases remarkably.Moreover,formaldehyde oxidizes rapidly and its emission decreases obviously when the ignition timing is 17°CA BTDC and the in-cylinder peak temperature is beyond 1 300 K.
For the cold start problem of methanol engine,one 1130 single-cylinder diesel engine was retrofitted to direct injection spark ignition methanol engine and the influences of ignition timing on methanol combustion and non-compulsory emission during cold start at 266 Kwere researched by simulating the oxidation reaction mechanism of methanol with AVL-Fire software and preheating the intake to 283 Kwith the electric heater plug.The simulation results show that advancing the ignition timing can improve the combustion and reduce the unburned methanol emission.When the ignition timing advances from 8°CA BTDC to 11°CA BTDC,the unburned methanol emission decreases remarkably.Moreover,formaldehyde oxidizes rapidly and its emission decreases obviously when the ignition timing is 17°CA BTDC and the in-cylinder peak temperature is beyond 1 300 K.
引文
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[15]Wei YJ,Liu SH,Liu FJ,et al.Direct measurement of formaldehyde and methanol emissions from gasohol engine via pulsed discharge helium ionization detector[J].Fuel,2010,89:2179-2184.
[2]Shamsul N S.An overview on the production of biomethanol as potential renewable energy[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2014,33(1):578-588.
[3]张海燕,张仲荣,刘立东,等.汽油车尾气中醛酮类化合物排放特征的研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(3):207-211.
[4]续晗,姚安仁,姚春德.高压缩比甲醇发动机中爆轰现象研究[J].燃烧科学与技术,2017(2):153-160.
[5]杨浩林,霍杰鹏,蒋利桥,等.甲醇中低温着火延迟时间的计算模型[J].燃烧科学与技术,2016(6):522-526.
[6]Gong C M,Peng L G,Liu F H.Modeling of the overall equivalence ratio effects on combustion process and unregulated emissions of an SIDI methanol engine[J].Energy,2017,125:118-26.
[7]李理光,王振锁,邓宝清,等.基于可控循环着火的电控汽油机冷起动性能研究[J].汽车工程,2004(4):417-422.
[8]Grotheer H H,Kelm S,Driverh S T,et al.Elementary reactions in the methanol oxidation system[J].Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,1992,96:1360-1369.
[9]Zhen X D,Wang Y.Numerical analysis of knock during HCCI in a high compression ratio methanol engine based on LES with detailed chemical kinetics[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2015,96:188-196.
[10]Zhen X D,Wang Y.Numerical analysis on original emissions for a spark ignition methanol engine based on detailed chemical kinetics[J].Renewable Energy,2015,81:43-51.
[11]Zhen X D,Wang Y.Study of ignition in a high compression ratio SI(spark ignition)methanol engine using LES(large eddy simulation)with detailed chemical kinetics[J].Energy,2013,59:549-558.
[12]宫长明,王舒,刘家郡,等.环境温度对点燃式甲醇发动机冷起动性能的影响[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2009(1):27-32.
[13]刘方杰,刘圣华,魏衍举,等.甲醇氧化生成甲醛排放的影响因素[J].内燃机学报,2014,32(2):166-171.
[14]甄旭东.火花点燃式甲醇发动机燃烧过程及爆震机理的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.
[15]Wei YJ,Liu SH,Liu FJ,et al.Direct measurement of formaldehyde and methanol emissions from gasohol engine via pulsed discharge helium ionization detector[J].Fuel,2010,89:2179-2184.