荒漠草原不同带间距人工柠条林平茬对林间生境的影响
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摘要
研究不同带间距柠条林平茬后林间生境的变化对人工柠条中间锦鸡儿的种植和平茬饲用具有重要意义。以荒漠草原分布的4,6和8m带间距中间锦鸡儿林间草原为对象,于2015年4月对3种带间距柠条林进行齐地平茬,研究不同带间距中间锦鸡儿平茬后林间植被、土壤理化性质、气温、风速、风蚀量等变化。结果表明,1)8m带间距的林间多年生草本物种比例、植被盖度和密度最高(P<0.05),6和4m间距植被盖度密度接近;3种间距的林间地上生物量、物种多样性无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)随着带间距增加,土壤粉粒含量以及土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量总体呈现上升趋势。但土壤水分以6m带间距最高,4m带间距最低。3)林间平均气温以4m带间距最高,8m带间距最低,风速大小正好相反;土壤风蚀量呈现6m带间距最高(P<0.05),4和8m带间距最低。4)相关性分析表明,植物多样性与土壤有机质、全氮、粉粒含量正相关,土壤有机质含量与土壤粉粒含量、植被盖度呈正相关。研究认为,8m人工中间锦鸡儿林种植间距对林间植被多样性增加、土壤质量改善和土壤风蚀减少更为有利。
The spacing of Caragana intermedia belts in plantations can markedly affect the ecology of the surrounding woodland.In this study,we evaluated the changes in the woodland habitat after cutting C.intermediaforests with different spacings of C.intermedia belts.The study site was a forest grassland on the desert steppe with C.intermediabelts planted with 4m,6m,and 8mspacings.The soil physical and chemical properties,air temperature,wind speed,and amount of wind erosion were evaluated to determine the effects of different belt spacings of C.intermediaforest after stumping(cutting)C.intermediaplants to a stubble height of0 cm in April 2015.The main findings were as follows:1)The forest grassland with 8mspacing of C.intermedia belts showed the highest proportion of perennial herbaceous species,vegetation coverage,and vegetation density(P<0.05),but vegetation coverage did not differ significantly between the 4mand 6mC.intermedia belt-spacing treatments.There was no difference in aboveground biomass and species diversity among the three treatments(P>0.05).2)As the belt spacing increased,the soil fine particle content,soil organic matter content,total nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,and available potassium content tended to increase.The soil water content was highest in the forest with 6mbelt spacing,and lowest in the forest with 4mbelt spacing.3)The average air temperature was highest in the forest with 4mbelt spacing,and lowest in the forest with 8mbelt spacing,while wind speed showed the opposite trend.Wind erosion of soil was highest in the forest with 6mbelt spacing(P<0.05),and lowest in the forests with 4mand 8mbelt spacings.4)Correlation analyses indicated that plant diversity was positively correlated with soil organic matter content,soil total nitrogen content,and soil fine particle content,and that soil organic matter content was positively correlated with soil fine particle content and vegetation coverage.These results indicate that C.intermediaforests with 8m belt spacing have the advantages of increased vegetation diversity,better soil quality,and lower soil wind erosion of the surrounding forest grassland.
The spacing of Caragana intermedia belts in plantations can markedly affect the ecology of the surrounding woodland.In this study,we evaluated the changes in the woodland habitat after cutting C.intermediaforests with different spacings of C.intermedia belts.The study site was a forest grassland on the desert steppe with C.intermediabelts planted with 4m,6m,and 8mspacings.The soil physical and chemical properties,air temperature,wind speed,and amount of wind erosion were evaluated to determine the effects of different belt spacings of C.intermediaforest after stumping(cutting)C.intermediaplants to a stubble height of0 cm in April 2015.The main findings were as follows:1)The forest grassland with 8mspacing of C.intermedia belts showed the highest proportion of perennial herbaceous species,vegetation coverage,and vegetation density(P<0.05),but vegetation coverage did not differ significantly between the 4mand 6mC.intermedia belt-spacing treatments.There was no difference in aboveground biomass and species diversity among the three treatments(P>0.05).2)As the belt spacing increased,the soil fine particle content,soil organic matter content,total nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,and available potassium content tended to increase.The soil water content was highest in the forest with 6mbelt spacing,and lowest in the forest with 4mbelt spacing.3)The average air temperature was highest in the forest with 4mbelt spacing,and lowest in the forest with 8mbelt spacing,while wind speed showed the opposite trend.Wind erosion of soil was highest in the forest with 6mbelt spacing(P<0.05),and lowest in the forests with 4mand 8mbelt spacings.4)Correlation analyses indicated that plant diversity was positively correlated with soil organic matter content,soil total nitrogen content,and soil fine particle content,and that soil organic matter content was positively correlated with soil fine particle content and vegetation coverage.These results indicate that C.intermediaforests with 8m belt spacing have the advantages of increased vegetation diversity,better soil quality,and lower soil wind erosion of the surrounding forest grassland.
引文
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