四川盆地永探1井二叠系火山岩测井岩性识别
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摘要
2018年底,中国石油西南油气田分公司部署的第1口以火山岩储层为目的层的永探1井在二叠系火山岩测试获气22.5×10~4 m~3/d,展示出四川盆地火山岩气藏良好的勘探潜力。为快速建立火山岩测井岩性识别方法,综合运用岩心、薄片、常规测井、元素扫描测井和成像测井技术对永探1井火山岩岩性进行识别。结果表明:①按岩石结构特征,永探1井火山岩岩性可分为火山熔岩和火山碎屑熔岩,火山岩碎屑熔岩根据角砾含量的多少可细分为含角砾凝灰熔岩和角砾熔岩;②岩性扫描测井可以定量提供地层主要造岩矿物元素的含量,结合TAS图版有效判断火山岩化学成分,经过剔除异源的角砾矿物成分后的岩性扫描测井结果分析,永探1井火山岩地层按化学成分主要为基性的碱玄武岩和玄武岩;③永探1井整体以基性火山岩为主,放射性低,自然伽马无法区分岩性,但密度、补偿声波和电阻率曲线对岩性敏感,利用密度与声波时差和密度与深电阻率交会法可有效区分火山岩岩性;④通过常规测井识别岩性成分和成像测井识别结构及构造特征,可以有效评价火山岩岩性。
At the end of 2018, gas at the rate of 22.5×10~4 m~3/d during the test was produced from the Permian volcanic rocks of Yongtan 1 well, which is the first one deployed by PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company to treat these volcanic reservoirs as the target, also revealing good exploration potential for volcanic-rock gas reservoirs in Sichuan Basin. So, the lithology of volcanic rocks in this well was identified by some data from core analysis, thin-section identification, and conventional, elemental scanning, and image logging in order to quickly develop some methods of logging-based lithologic identification. Results show that,(1) these rocks are mainly composed of volcanic lava and volcaniclastic lava. And in terms of breccia content, the latter may be also subdivided into tuffaceous lava with breccia and breccia lava;(2) lithoscanner logging can be used to quantitatively determine the content of major rock-forming mineral elements. And combined with TAS chart, it can discriminate rock chemical composition effectively. Results from lithoscanner logging demonstrate, after the removal of heterogeneous breccia mineral components, on the basis of chemical composition, these rocks can be divided into basic alkali basalt and basalt;(3) volcanic rocks in Yongtan 1 well are mainly dominated by basic ones with low radioactivity. And the lithology cannot be distinguished via GR logging whereas sensitive to density, compensated sonic,and resistivity logging. As a result, the crossplots of both DEN-AC and DEN-Rt may be adopted to identify lithology; and(4) volcanic-rock lithology can be evaluated effectively by means of conventional logging to identify its composition, and image logging for structural and tectonic characteristics, respectively.
At the end of 2018, gas at the rate of 22.5×10~4 m~3/d during the test was produced from the Permian volcanic rocks of Yongtan 1 well, which is the first one deployed by PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company to treat these volcanic reservoirs as the target, also revealing good exploration potential for volcanic-rock gas reservoirs in Sichuan Basin. So, the lithology of volcanic rocks in this well was identified by some data from core analysis, thin-section identification, and conventional, elemental scanning, and image logging in order to quickly develop some methods of logging-based lithologic identification. Results show that,(1) these rocks are mainly composed of volcanic lava and volcaniclastic lava. And in terms of breccia content, the latter may be also subdivided into tuffaceous lava with breccia and breccia lava;(2) lithoscanner logging can be used to quantitatively determine the content of major rock-forming mineral elements. And combined with TAS chart, it can discriminate rock chemical composition effectively. Results from lithoscanner logging demonstrate, after the removal of heterogeneous breccia mineral components, on the basis of chemical composition, these rocks can be divided into basic alkali basalt and basalt;(3) volcanic rocks in Yongtan 1 well are mainly dominated by basic ones with low radioactivity. And the lithology cannot be distinguished via GR logging whereas sensitive to density, compensated sonic,and resistivity logging. As a result, the crossplots of both DEN-AC and DEN-Rt may be adopted to identify lithology; and(4) volcanic-rock lithology can be evaluated effectively by means of conventional logging to identify its composition, and image logging for structural and tectonic characteristics, respectively.
引文
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[12]赵军,杨阳,陈伟中,等.基于ECS测井的岩性识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(5):2342-2348.Zhao Jun,Yang Yang,Chen Weizhong,et al.New method for well logging lithologic identification based on elemental capture spectroscopy[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(5):2342-2348.
[13]Charsky A&Herron S.Accurate,Direct total organic carbon(TOC)log from a new advanced geochemical spectroscopy tool Comparison with conventional approaches for TOC estimation[C]//Proceedings of 2013 AAPG Annual Conference and Exhibition.Pittsburgh:AAPG,2013.
[14]Grau J A,Schweitzer J S&Ellis D V.A geological model for gamma-ray spectroscopy logging measurements[J].Nuclear Geophysics,1989,3(4):351-359.
[15]叶涛,韦阿娟,高坤顺,等.渤海海域中生界火山岩测井-地质岩性综合识别方法[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(1):48-53.Ye Tao,Wei Ajuan,Gao Kunshun,et al.Lithology comprehensive identification method with logging-geology data of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in Bohai sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(1):48-53.
[16]吴颜雄,王璞珺,边伟华,等.松辽盆地深层火山岩储层测井响应及地质解译[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(6):1927-1934.Wu Yanxiong,Wang Pujun,Bian Weihua,et al.Log Responses and its corresponding geological interpretation of deep volcanic reservoir in Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(6):1927-1934.
[17]黄力,王安生,王跃祥,等.火成岩岩性识别与物性测井评价--以准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火成岩为例[J].天然气勘探与开发,2018,41(4):23-31.Huang Li,Wang Ansheng,Wang Yuexiang,et al.Logging lithological identification and Petrophysical property evaluation of igneous rocks:Examples from Carboniferous igneous rocks,eastern Junggar Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2018,41(4):23-31.
[18]罗静兰,邵红梅,张成立.火山岩油气藏研究方法与勘探技术综述[J].石油学报,2003,24(1):31-38.Luo Jinglan,Shao Hongmei&Zhang Chengli.Summary of research methods and exploration technologies for volcanic reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(1):31-38.
[19]张莹,潘保芝,印长海,等.成像测井图像在火山岩岩性识别中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(3):288-293.Zhang Ying,Pan Baozhi,Yin Changhai,et al.Application of imaging logging maps in lithologic identification of volcanics[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(3):288-293.
[20]陈钢花,吴文圣,毛克宇.利用地层微电阻率扫描图像识别岩性[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(2):53-55.Chen Ganghua,Wu Wensheng&Mao Keyu.Identifying formation lithology using formation microscanner images[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2001,28(2):53-55.
[2]李宁,乔德新,李庆峰,等.火山岩测井解释理论与应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(6):683-692.Li Ning,Qiao Dexin,Li Qingfeng,et al.Theory on logging interpretation of igneous rocks and its application[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(6):683-692.
[3]李静.中拐凸起石炭系低放射性火成岩岩性测井识别[J].新疆石油地质,2016,37(4):474-478.Li Jing.Lithology identification of Carboniferous low-radioactivity igneous rocks by logging data in Zhongguai Swell,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2016,37(4):474-478.
[4]中国石油勘探与生产分公司.火山岩油气藏测井评价技术及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.The Branch of China Petroleum Exploration and Production.The volcanic reservoir logging evaluation technology and application[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.
[5]黄隆基,范宜仁.火山型测井评价的地质和地球物理基础(Ⅰ)[J].测井技术,1997,21(5):341-344.Huang Longji&Fan Yiren.Geological and geophysical basis for studying igneous rock facies by logging method[J].Well Logging Technology,1997,21(5):341-344.
[6]杨毅,张本健,蒋德生,等.四川盆地西南部上二叠统峨眉山玄武岩成藏模式初探[J].天然气工业,2010,30(5):46-49.Yang Yi,Zhang Benjian,Jiang Desheng,et al.A preliminary study on hydrocarbon pooling patterns of the Upper Permian Emeishan basalts in southwestern Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(5):46-49.
[7]冯仁蔚,王兴志,张帆,等.四川西南部周公山及邻区“峨眉山玄武岩”特征及储集性能研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(6):913-924.Feng Renwei,Wang Xingzhi,Zhang Fan,et al.The study on reservoir property and characteristics of the Emeishan Basalts of Zhougongshan and its neighbour area in the southwest Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(6):913-924.
[8]邓敏,侯明才,张本健,等.川西南部周公山地区峨眉山玄武岩有利储层分析[J].中国地质,2014,41(2):378-386.Deng Min,Hou Mingcai,Zhang Benjian,et al.Favorable reservoir analysis of Emeishan Basalt in Zhougongshan area of southwest Sichuan Province[J].Geology in China,2014,41(2):378-386.
[9]宋文海,庞家黎.四川盆地西南部上二叠统玄武岩含气性研究[J].天然气工业,1994,14(5):11-15.Song Wenhai&Pang Jiali.Gas bearing study of P2 basalt in the southwest part of Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1994,14(5):11-15.
[10]何斌,徐义刚,肖龙,等.峨眉山大火成岩省的形成机制及空间展布:来自沉积地层学的新证据[J].地质学报,2003,77(2):194-202.He Bin,Xu Yigang,Xiao Long,et al.Generation and spatial distribution of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province:new evidence from stratigraphic records[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2003,77(2):194-202.
[11]魏国,张审琴,侯淞译.岩性扫描测井技术在青海油田的应用[J].测井技术,2015,39(2):213-216.Wei Guo,Zhang Shenqin&Hou Songyi.Application of lithoscanner logging technology in Qinghai oilfield[J].Well Logging Technology,2015,39(2):213-216.
[12]赵军,杨阳,陈伟中,等.基于ECS测井的岩性识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(5):2342-2348.Zhao Jun,Yang Yang,Chen Weizhong,et al.New method for well logging lithologic identification based on elemental capture spectroscopy[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(5):2342-2348.
[13]Charsky A&Herron S.Accurate,Direct total organic carbon(TOC)log from a new advanced geochemical spectroscopy tool Comparison with conventional approaches for TOC estimation[C]//Proceedings of 2013 AAPG Annual Conference and Exhibition.Pittsburgh:AAPG,2013.
[14]Grau J A,Schweitzer J S&Ellis D V.A geological model for gamma-ray spectroscopy logging measurements[J].Nuclear Geophysics,1989,3(4):351-359.
[15]叶涛,韦阿娟,高坤顺,等.渤海海域中生界火山岩测井-地质岩性综合识别方法[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(1):48-53.Ye Tao,Wei Ajuan,Gao Kunshun,et al.Lithology comprehensive identification method with logging-geology data of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in Bohai sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(1):48-53.
[16]吴颜雄,王璞珺,边伟华,等.松辽盆地深层火山岩储层测井响应及地质解译[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(6):1927-1934.Wu Yanxiong,Wang Pujun,Bian Weihua,et al.Log Responses and its corresponding geological interpretation of deep volcanic reservoir in Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(6):1927-1934.
[17]黄力,王安生,王跃祥,等.火成岩岩性识别与物性测井评价--以准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火成岩为例[J].天然气勘探与开发,2018,41(4):23-31.Huang Li,Wang Ansheng,Wang Yuexiang,et al.Logging lithological identification and Petrophysical property evaluation of igneous rocks:Examples from Carboniferous igneous rocks,eastern Junggar Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2018,41(4):23-31.
[18]罗静兰,邵红梅,张成立.火山岩油气藏研究方法与勘探技术综述[J].石油学报,2003,24(1):31-38.Luo Jinglan,Shao Hongmei&Zhang Chengli.Summary of research methods and exploration technologies for volcanic reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(1):31-38.
[19]张莹,潘保芝,印长海,等.成像测井图像在火山岩岩性识别中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(3):288-293.Zhang Ying,Pan Baozhi,Yin Changhai,et al.Application of imaging logging maps in lithologic identification of volcanics[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(3):288-293.
[20]陈钢花,吴文圣,毛克宇.利用地层微电阻率扫描图像识别岩性[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(2):53-55.Chen Ganghua,Wu Wensheng&Mao Keyu.Identifying formation lithology using formation microscanner images[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2001,28(2):53-55.