竹浆废水处理工程及污染物特征分析
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摘要
本文对西南某大型竹材制浆废水处理工程进行了研究。该废水工程采用常规的"预处理-生化-气浮"三级处理工艺,竹材制浆废水的污染物特征(COD、色度、TP和NH3-N)波动性比较大,竹浆综合废水的COD、色度和TP平均值为1 256 mg/L、315倍和5.98 mg/L,曝气池中氨氮平均值为3.73 mg/L。该竹材制浆废水工程具有良好的抗冲击和缓冲性能,COD、色度、TP和NH3-N去除率平均值为94.35%、94.60%、97.83%和63.81%,出水均满足国家排放标准。此外,对竹材原料质量管理亟待加强,确保废水水质稳定;同时面对日益严峻的环保形势,亟需开发高效氧化混凝剂,保证废水稳定达标排放,减低竹浆废水工程运行成本。
In this paper,a large-scale bamboo pulping wastewater treatment project located in the southwest region of China is studied,in which a common three-stage treatment process including"pretreatment-biochemical-floatation"is adopted.The characteristics of pollutants(COD,color,TP and NH3-N) in bamboo pulping wastewater often fluctuate greatly,with average values of COD,chromaticity and TP in influent wastewater being 1,256 mg·L~(-1),315 times and 5.98 mg·L~(-1),respectively.The average concentration of nitrogen(in the form of ammonia) in the aeration tank is 3.73 mg·L~(-1).This bamboo pulping wastewater treatment system has very good impact resistance and buffering performance.Through treatment by this system,the average removal rates of COD,color,TP and N(NH3) in bamboo pulping wastewater can reach 94.35%,94.60%,97.83% and 63.81%,respectively,satisfying China's national discharge standards.Furthermore,the quality management of bamboo raw materials shall be strengthened in China so that the wastewater composition remains stable.High-efficiency oxidizing coagulant shall also be developed to reduce the operating cost of bamboo pulp wastewater treatment and ensure the stable and qualified discharge of wastewater.
In this paper,a large-scale bamboo pulping wastewater treatment project located in the southwest region of China is studied,in which a common three-stage treatment process including"pretreatment-biochemical-floatation"is adopted.The characteristics of pollutants(COD,color,TP and NH3-N) in bamboo pulping wastewater often fluctuate greatly,with average values of COD,chromaticity and TP in influent wastewater being 1,256 mg·L~(-1),315 times and 5.98 mg·L~(-1),respectively.The average concentration of nitrogen(in the form of ammonia) in the aeration tank is 3.73 mg·L~(-1).This bamboo pulping wastewater treatment system has very good impact resistance and buffering performance.Through treatment by this system,the average removal rates of COD,color,TP and N(NH3) in bamboo pulping wastewater can reach 94.35%,94.60%,97.83% and 63.81%,respectively,satisfying China's national discharge standards.Furthermore,the quality management of bamboo raw materials shall be strengthened in China so that the wastewater composition remains stable.High-efficiency oxidizing coagulant shall also be developed to reduce the operating cost of bamboo pulp wastewater treatment and ensure the stable and qualified discharge of wastewater.
引文
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[17]田奋扬,王海俨,刘佳伟,等.Fenton试剂-太阳光催化氧化法联合处理造纸黑液[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(3):94-98.
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[19]丁来保,韩善明,盘爱享,等.新型深度处理剂PFDAC在造纸废水处理中的应用[J].江苏造纸,2016,(2):29-32.
[20]刘春,管秀琼,张岚,等.基于竹浆制浆废水的EGSB反应器启动及颗粒污泥特性研究[J].中国造纸,2017,36(6):26-31.
[2]李延军,许斌,张齐生,等.我国竹材加工产业现状与对策分析[J].林业工程学报,2016,(1):2-7.
[3]韦鹏练,杨淑敏,刘嵘,等.基于拉曼光谱技术的竹材细胞壁化学组分分布[J].林业科学,2018,54(1):99-104.
[4]李海龙,葛淑娟,张春辉,等.竹子碱法制浆过程中草酸根形成的研究[J].中国造纸学报,2017,32(2):7-11.
[5]沈葵忠,房桂干,胡剑民,等.慈竹化机浆漂白性能研究[J].中国造纸,2010,29(3):1-4.
[6]Liang F,Fang G,Jiao J,et al.The use of twin screw extruder instead of model screw device during bamboo chemo-mechanical pulping[J].Bio Resources,2018,13(2):2487-2498.
[7]施英乔,丁来保,盘爱享,等.竹浆废水污染特征及其处理[J].造纸科学与技术,2015,34(4):81-85.
[8]杨晨鸣.做优做强竹浆纸四川造纸业走上差异化高质量发展之路[J].中华纸业,2018,(7):54-57.
[9]施英乔,丁来保,盘爱享,等.竹材制浆废水在生物处理过程中的行为变化[J].造纸科学与技术,2015,34(6):106-110.
[10]杨笃明,邓天文,袁迎凯.提高大型竹浆黑液碱回收炉运行连续性与稳定性的探讨[J].中国造纸,2011,30(5):42-47.
[11]王维,田庆华,王恒,等.粉煤灰去除竹浆造纸废水中挥发酚的应用研究[J].中国造纸,2012,31(6):36-41.
[12]Wu D,Yang Z,Tian G.Inhibitory effects of Cu(Ⅱ)on fermentative methane production using bamboo wastewater as substrate[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,195:170-174.
[13]Xia T,Gao X,Wang C,et al.An enhanced anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating bamboo industry wastewater by bamboo charcoal addition:Performance and microbial community analysis[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,220:26-33.
[14]Wang W,Yang Q,Zheng S,et al. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor(An MBR)for bamboo industry wastewater treatment[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,149:292-300.
[15]Wu D,Yang Z,Wang W,et al.Ozonation as an advanced oxidant in treatment of bamboo industry wastewater[J]. Chemosphere,2012,88(9):1108-1113.
[16]吴晴,刘金泉,王凯,等.高级氧化技术在难降解工业废水中的研究进展[J].水处理技术,2015,41(11):25-29.
[17]田奋扬,王海俨,刘佳伟,等.Fenton试剂-太阳光催化氧化法联合处理造纸黑液[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(3):94-98.
[18]张成,雷利荣,李友明.臭氧处理对造纸废水COD和色度去除效果的研究[J].造纸科学与技术,2016,35(3):79-81.
[19]丁来保,韩善明,盘爱享,等.新型深度处理剂PFDAC在造纸废水处理中的应用[J].江苏造纸,2016,(2):29-32.
[20]刘春,管秀琼,张岚,等.基于竹浆制浆废水的EGSB反应器启动及颗粒污泥特性研究[J].中国造纸,2017,36(6):26-31.