拉伸工艺对熔纺聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯单丝的拉伸与热收缩行为的影响
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摘要
对熔融纺丝的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)单丝进行两级拉伸和热定型收缩处理,分析总拉伸比、一级拉伸比、二级拉伸和热定型温度及收缩比对单丝拉伸与热收缩性能的影响。随着总拉伸比增大,单丝取向度和结晶度增大,其中一级拉伸比增大强化分子链取向,促进结晶结构完善,单丝刚性增强,但热收缩率增大,选定一级拉伸比2. 65,二级拉伸不影响结晶度,仅影响分子链取向程度。保持总拉伸比为5. 83,一级和二级拉伸比及热定型温度均不变,二级拉伸温度升高强化分子链松弛、拉伸取向和结晶完善,热收缩率明显减小。当降低二级拉伸比使总拉伸比降为5. 21,削弱拉伸取向和结晶,单丝刚性降低,使热收缩率下降至1. 7%,选定二级拉伸温度为240℃。收缩比为0. 920的热定型处理阶段单丝收缩充分,热收缩率减小至1. 1%,最佳热定型温度为235℃。
The tensile and heat shrinkage properties of melt-spun poly( ethylene terephthalate)( PET) monofilament processed by two-stage drawing and heat-setting shrinkage treatments affected by total drawing ratio,first drawing ratio,second drawing temperature,heat setting temperature and shrinkage ratio were analyzed. Orientation and crystallinity of molecular chain are promoted with increase of total drawing ratio,especially increase of first drawing ratio intensifies orientation and crystalline structural integrity,resulted in monofilament rigidity reinforced and heat shrinkage rate increase,therefore lower first drawing ratio of 2. 65 is decided,while the second drawing ratio only affects orientation but hardly crystallinity. With increasing second drawing temperature,further relaxation,orientation and crystal integrity appear in total drawing ratio 5. 83,certain first and second drawing ratio and heat-setting temperature,and heat shrinkage rates signally reduce. As the total drawing ratio reduces to 5. 21 by the second drawing ratio reducing,orientation and crystal decrease,and monofilament rigidity weakens,and the heat shrinkage rate decreases to 1. 7%,hence the second drawing temperature is set at 240 ℃ The ampler shrink monofilament by the heat-setting treatment of shrink ratio of 0. 920 and an optimum temperature of 235 ℃ is obtained,and its heat shrinkage rate drops to 1. 1%.
The tensile and heat shrinkage properties of melt-spun poly( ethylene terephthalate)( PET) monofilament processed by two-stage drawing and heat-setting shrinkage treatments affected by total drawing ratio,first drawing ratio,second drawing temperature,heat setting temperature and shrinkage ratio were analyzed. Orientation and crystallinity of molecular chain are promoted with increase of total drawing ratio,especially increase of first drawing ratio intensifies orientation and crystalline structural integrity,resulted in monofilament rigidity reinforced and heat shrinkage rate increase,therefore lower first drawing ratio of 2. 65 is decided,while the second drawing ratio only affects orientation but hardly crystallinity. With increasing second drawing temperature,further relaxation,orientation and crystal integrity appear in total drawing ratio 5. 83,certain first and second drawing ratio and heat-setting temperature,and heat shrinkage rates signally reduce. As the total drawing ratio reduces to 5. 21 by the second drawing ratio reducing,orientation and crystal decrease,and monofilament rigidity weakens,and the heat shrinkage rate decreases to 1. 7%,hence the second drawing temperature is set at 240 ℃ The ampler shrink monofilament by the heat-setting treatment of shrink ratio of 0. 920 and an optimum temperature of 235 ℃ is obtained,and its heat shrinkage rate drops to 1. 1%.
引文
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[2]陈欣,严玉蓉,李细林,等.添加共混方式对共混纤维成形及结构的影响[J].化纤与纺织技术,2012,41(2):1-6.Chen X,Yan Y R,L X L,et al. Processing and micro-structure of blended functional nylon 6 fibers with different blending methods[J].Chemical Fiber&Textile Technology,2012,41(2):1-6.
[3]纪震.合成纤维生产工艺学(下册)[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,1994.
[4] Gorlier E,Haudin J M,Billon N. Strain-induced crystallisation in bulk amorphous PET under uni-axial loading[J]. Polymer,2001,42:9541-9549.
[5] Rao I J,Rajagopal K R. Study of strain-induced crystallization of polymers[J]. Int. J. Solids Struct.,2001,38:1149-1167.
[6] Bedia E L,Murakami S,Kitade T,et al. Structural development and mechanical properties of polyethylene naphthalate/polyethylene terephthalate blends during uniaxial drawing[J]. Polymer,2001,42:7299-7305.
[7]于俊荣,陈自力,关桂荷,等.高密度聚乙烯熔纺纤维的拉伸工艺[J].合成纤维工业,1999,22(2):1-5.Yu J R,Chen Z L,Guan G H,et al. Drawing process of melt/spun HDPE fibers[J]. China Synthetic Fiber Industry,1999,22(2):1-5.
[8]薛丽青,庞永艳,吴飞,等.聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯结晶度对其发泡行为的影响[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(1):86-91.Xue L Q,Pang Y Y,Wu F,et al. Effect of crystallinity on the foaming behavior of polyethylene terephthalate[J]. Polymer Materials Science&Engineering,2017,33(1):86-91.
[9] Yazdanian M,Ward I M,Brody H. An infra-red study of the structure of oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate)fibres[J]. Polymer,1985,26:1779-1790.
[10]孙福革,沈德言,钱人元.取向态聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯膜热弛豫过程的偏振红外光谱研究[J].高分子学报,1995(1):93-98.Sun F G,Shen D Y,Qian R Y. Polarized infrared spectroscopy study on thermal relaxation of oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate)films[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica,1995(1):93-98.
[11] Gang W,Yoshida T,Cuculo J A. Heat induced shrinkage and microstructural changes in PET:as-spun fibres prepared via`controlled threadline dynamics'[J]. Polymer,1998,39:6473-6482.
[12] Long S D,Ward I M. Shrinkage force studies of oriented polyethylene terephthalate[J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,1991,42:1921-1929.
[13] Samuels R J,Pulver M I. Structured polymer properties[J]. Phys.Today,1975,28:56-57.