基于本地测量的微网逆变器离/并网功率精确和统一控制
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摘要
在包含多微源的微网系统中,微源逆变器输出功率的精确控制和离/并网运行模式下控制目标的自动切换对于微网电压和频率的稳定以及潮流的控制都具有重要意义。在下垂控制的基础上,提出了基于本地测量的自适应双虚拟阻抗和功率补偿导纳控制方法,消除了不同类型线路阻抗引起的功率耦合,改善了离网时负载分配的准确性。同时,通过提出一种自适应的电压补偿方法,实现了分布式电源离/并网运行的统一控制,并改善了离网时的电能质量和并网时输出功率的跟踪精度。通过建立离/并网模式下逆变器的小信号模型,对控制器参数进行了优化设计。仿真和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性和所提出的控制方法的有效性。
In a microgrid with multi-microsources,precise output power control and seamless transition of micro-source converters between grid-connected and islanding operation modes are of great significance for the stability of voltage and frequency and the power flow control in a microgrid.The control method of adaptive dual virtual impedances and power compensation conductance based on local voltage and current measurement is proposed,by which active and reactive power control for voltage source inverters(VSIs)can be decoupled and the VSIs can share loads proportionally to their capacity in the islanding mode.Meanwhile,a voltage compensation mechanism is embedded in the droop control,which can refine the power quality in the islanding mode,power control quality in the grid-connected mode,and realize unified control of the microgrid.Furthermore,the parameters of the proposed controller are optimized with small signal models in both grid-connected and islanding modes.Simulation and experiment results have verified the proposed control method.
In a microgrid with multi-microsources,precise output power control and seamless transition of micro-source converters between grid-connected and islanding operation modes are of great significance for the stability of voltage and frequency and the power flow control in a microgrid.The control method of adaptive dual virtual impedances and power compensation conductance based on local voltage and current measurement is proposed,by which active and reactive power control for voltage source inverters(VSIs)can be decoupled and the VSIs can share loads proportionally to their capacity in the islanding mode.Meanwhile,a voltage compensation mechanism is embedded in the droop control,which can refine the power quality in the islanding mode,power control quality in the grid-connected mode,and realize unified control of the microgrid.Furthermore,the parameters of the proposed controller are optimized with small signal models in both grid-connected and islanding modes.Simulation and experiment results have verified the proposed control method.
引文
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[15]GONG Wenming,HU Shuju,SHAN M,et al.Robust current control design of a three phase voltage source converte[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2014,2(1):16-22.
[16]肖朝霞,王成山,王守相,等.含多微型电源的微网小信号稳定性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(6):81-85.XIAO Zhaoxia,WANG Chengshan,WANG Shouxiang,et al.Small signal stability analysis of microgrid containing multiple micro sources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(6):81-85.
[2]罗安,吕志鹏.不同容量微源逆变器并联功率鲁棒控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(12):35-42.LUO An,LZhipeng.Robust power control of paralleled micro-source inverters with different power ratings[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(12):35-42.
[3]YUNWEI L,FARZAM N.Overview of control,integration and energy management of microgrids[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2014,2(3):212-222.
[4]WEI Y,MIN C,MATAS J,et al.Design and analysis of the droop control method for parallel inverters considering the impact of the complex impedance on the power sharing[J].IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(2):576-588.
[5]ZHONG Qingchang,PHILONG N,ZHENYU M,et al.Selfsynchronized synchronverters:inverters without a dedicated synchronization unit[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2014,29(2):617-630.
[6]孙孝峰,王娟,田艳军,等.基于自调节下垂系数的DG逆变器控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(36):71-78.SUN Xiaofeng,WANG Juan,TIAN Yanjun,et al.Control of DG connected inverters based on self-adaptable adjustment of droop coefficient[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(36):71-78.
[7]HE Jinwei,LI Yunwei,GUERRERO J M,et al.An islanding microgrid power sharing approach using enhanced virtual impedance control scheme[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2013,28(11):5272-5282.
[8]程军照,李澍森,吴在军,等.微网下垂控制中虚拟电抗的功率解耦机理分析[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(7):27-32.CHENG Junzhao,LI Shusen,WU Zaijun,et al.Analysis of power decoupling mechanism for droop control with virtual inductance in a microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(7):27-32.
[9]MAO Meiqin,LIU Yuefan,JIN Peng,et al.Energy coordinated control of hybrid battery-supercapacitor storage system in a microgrid[C]//IEEE 4th International Symposium on PEDG,July 8-11,2013,Arkansas,USA:1-6.
[10]DELGHAVI M B,YAZDANI A.A unified control strategy for electronically interfaced distributed energy resources[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2012,27(2):803-812.
[11]杜燕,苏建徽,张榴晨,等.一种模式自适应的微网调频控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):1-10.DU Yan,SU Jianhui,ZHANG Liuchen,et al.A mode adaptive frequency controller for microgrid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):1-10.
[12]丁明,杨向真,苏建徽.基于虚拟同步发电机思想的微网逆变电源控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(8):89-94.DING Ming,YANG Xiangzhen,SU Jianhui.Control strategies of inverters based on virtual synchronous generator in a microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(8):89-94.
[13]MAO Meiqin,SHEN Kai,CHANG Liuchen.Accurate output power control of inverters for microgrids based on local measurement[C]//IEEE 4th International Symposium on PEDG,July 8-11,2013,Arkansas,USA:1-7.
[14]VASQUEZ J C,GUERRERO J M,GREGORIO E,et al.Adaptive droop control applied to distributed generation inverters connected to the grid[C]//IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics,June 30-July 2,2008,Cambridge,UK:2420-2425.
[15]GONG Wenming,HU Shuju,SHAN M,et al.Robust current control design of a three phase voltage source converte[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2014,2(1):16-22.
[16]肖朝霞,王成山,王守相,等.含多微型电源的微网小信号稳定性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(6):81-85.XIAO Zhaoxia,WANG Chengshan,WANG Shouxiang,et al.Small signal stability analysis of microgrid containing multiple micro sources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(6):81-85.