2016—2017年唐山市私有企业苯作业工人追踪观察结果
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摘要
目的了解唐山市私有企业苯作业人员健康状况变化情况及白细胞减低危险因素。方法使用统计软件对2016—2017年唐山市私有企业564名苯危害因素监测个案资料进行统计分析。结果 2017年白细胞计数高于2016年(中位数:6.2×10~9/L vs 6.1×10~9/L,P<0.05),2017年男性红细胞减低率低于2016年(P<0.05);2017年女性血红蛋白减低率高于男性,男性丙氨酸转氨酶升高率高于女性(12.7%vs 1.6%,19.2%vs 3.8%,P<0.05);不同年龄之间白细胞减低率、收缩压和舒张压升高率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同工龄之间各结果异常率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同行业之间,白细胞、中性粒细胞、女性红细胞减低率以及收缩压和舒张压升高率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),金属制品业及设备制造业收缩压和舒张压升高率高于煤炭加工业(P<0.01)。金属制品业是白细胞减低的危险因素,OR(95%CI)为28.645(2.527～324.698)。结论 2016—2017年唐山市私有企业苯作业工人工作1年未见明显健康状况变化,金属制品业可增加白细胞减低的危险性,需重点加强对金属制品业的监测和防护,关注女性血红蛋白减低率和男性丙氨酸转氨酶升高率,关注金属制品业及设备制造业血压升高率。
[Objective]To explore the changes of health status and risk factors of leukocyte reduction of benzene exposed workers in private enterprises of Tangshan City.[Methods]Data of 564 benzene hazardous factors monitoring cases in private enterprises of Tangshan City from 2016-2017 were statistically analyzed.[Results]The white blood cell count of workers in 2017 was higher than that in 2016(6.2×10~9/L vs 6.1×10~9/L). The rate of erythrocyte reduction in men in 2017 was lower than that in 2016(P<0.05).In 2017,the decrease rate of hemoglobin in women higher than that in men and the increase rate of glutamate transaminase in men was higher than that in women(12.7% vs 1.6%,19.2% vs 3.8%,P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the rates of leukocyte reduction,increase rates of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure among different age groups(P <0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in abnormal rates of indexes among different working age groups(P>0.05). The differences in the reduction rates of leukocyte,neutrophil and woman's erythrocyte and the increase rates of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were statistically significant among different industries(P<0.05). The increase rate of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in metal products industry and equipment manufacturing industry was higher than that in coal processing industry(P<0.01). The metal products industry was the risk factor for leukocyte reduction,OR(95%CI)value was 28.645(2.527-324.698).[Conclusion]There is no obvious change in health status among benzene exposed workers in private enterprises in Tangshan City from 2016-2017. Metal products industry can increase the risk of leukocyte reduction,so the monitoring and protection in the metal products industry should be strengthened. It is necessary to pay attention to the reduction rate of hemoglobin in women and the increase rate of glutamate transaminase in men,and the increase rate of blood pressure inmetal products in dustry and equipment manufacturing industry.
[Objective]To explore the changes of health status and risk factors of leukocyte reduction of benzene exposed workers in private enterprises of Tangshan City.[Methods]Data of 564 benzene hazardous factors monitoring cases in private enterprises of Tangshan City from 2016-2017 were statistically analyzed.[Results]The white blood cell count of workers in 2017 was higher than that in 2016(6.2×10~9/L vs 6.1×10~9/L). The rate of erythrocyte reduction in men in 2017 was lower than that in 2016(P<0.05).In 2017,the decrease rate of hemoglobin in women higher than that in men and the increase rate of glutamate transaminase in men was higher than that in women(12.7% vs 1.6%,19.2% vs 3.8%,P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the rates of leukocyte reduction,increase rates of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure among different age groups(P <0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in abnormal rates of indexes among different working age groups(P>0.05). The differences in the reduction rates of leukocyte,neutrophil and woman's erythrocyte and the increase rates of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were statistically significant among different industries(P<0.05). The increase rate of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in metal products industry and equipment manufacturing industry was higher than that in coal processing industry(P<0.01). The metal products industry was the risk factor for leukocyte reduction,OR(95%CI)value was 28.645(2.527-324.698).[Conclusion]There is no obvious change in health status among benzene exposed workers in private enterprises in Tangshan City from 2016-2017. Metal products industry can increase the risk of leukocyte reduction,so the monitoring and protection in the metal products industry should be strengthened. It is necessary to pay attention to the reduction rate of hemoglobin in women and the increase rate of glutamate transaminase in men,and the increase rate of blood pressure inmetal products in dustry and equipment manufacturing industry.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国卫生部,卫生部职业病诊断标准专业委员会.GBZ 68-2013职业性苯中毒的诊断[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
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[5]周国伟,何丽华,胡在方,等.2014年北京市顺义区接触苯系物作业人员健康状况调查[J].职业与健康,2016,32(9):1177-1180.
[6]陈幕华,赵芳,朱明宇,等.2013年开封市某化工厂168例接苯女工血象检查结果[J].职业与健康,2014,30(14):1979-1980.
[7]朱明宇,赵芳,陈幕华,等.某企业苯作业工人职业健康检查及知信行调查[J].河南预防医学杂志,2017,28(4):298-301,309.
[8]陈仁强,李相鑫,于素芳.某石化企业接苯工人外周血象改变及影响因素[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2015,33(2):81-84.
[9]李小琴,程金霞,毛一扬,等.扬州市苯作业人员血常规检查结果分析[J].工业卫生与职业病,2017,43(2):100-103.
[10]刘洋,张巧耘,陈献文,等.苯作业工人外周血白细胞下降及其影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(12):924-929.
[11]金楠,袁方.重庆市接触重点职业病危害因素工人高血压检出情况及其影响因素[J].职业与健康,2017,33(16):2173-2176.
[12]朱德香,马纪英,黄先青,等.深圳市职业性苯接触工人血常规偏低结果分析[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(4):514-517.
[13]丁婷婷.苯染毒小鼠和苯作业人群的接触及早期效应指标研究[D].唐山:华北理工大学,2016.
[14]张越时,郑丹,杨国珍,等.苯亚急性染毒对大鼠造血系统的影响及其机制[J].山东医药,2016,56(20):21-24,110.
[15]张茂棠,陈浩,于碧鲲.深圳市龙岗区2005—2010年职业病危害事故分析[J].职业与健康,2011,27(4):403-405.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部,卫生部临床检验标准专业委员会.WS/T 405-2012血细胞分析参考区间[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[3]陆再英,钟南山,谢毅,等.内科学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2010:251-264.
[4]赵金垣,徐希娴,王世俊,等.临床职业病学[M].北京:北京大学医学出版社,2010:310-311.
[5]周国伟,何丽华,胡在方,等.2014年北京市顺义区接触苯系物作业人员健康状况调查[J].职业与健康,2016,32(9):1177-1180.
[6]陈幕华,赵芳,朱明宇,等.2013年开封市某化工厂168例接苯女工血象检查结果[J].职业与健康,2014,30(14):1979-1980.
[7]朱明宇,赵芳,陈幕华,等.某企业苯作业工人职业健康检查及知信行调查[J].河南预防医学杂志,2017,28(4):298-301,309.
[8]陈仁强,李相鑫,于素芳.某石化企业接苯工人外周血象改变及影响因素[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2015,33(2):81-84.
[9]李小琴,程金霞,毛一扬,等.扬州市苯作业人员血常规检查结果分析[J].工业卫生与职业病,2017,43(2):100-103.
[10]刘洋,张巧耘,陈献文,等.苯作业工人外周血白细胞下降及其影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(12):924-929.
[11]金楠,袁方.重庆市接触重点职业病危害因素工人高血压检出情况及其影响因素[J].职业与健康,2017,33(16):2173-2176.
[12]朱德香,马纪英,黄先青,等.深圳市职业性苯接触工人血常规偏低结果分析[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(4):514-517.
[13]丁婷婷.苯染毒小鼠和苯作业人群的接触及早期效应指标研究[D].唐山:华北理工大学,2016.
[14]张越时,郑丹,杨国珍,等.苯亚急性染毒对大鼠造血系统的影响及其机制[J].山东医药,2016,56(20):21-24,110.
[15]张茂棠,陈浩,于碧鲲.深圳市龙岗区2005—2010年职业病危害事故分析[J].职业与健康,2011,27(4):403-405.