水温和光照强度对乌原鲤耗氧率与临界窒息点的影响
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摘要
【目的】探索水温和光照对乌原鲤耗氧率与临界窒息点的影响,为其人工繁育及规模化苗种培育提供参考依据。【方法】在密闭流水环境中,设3个水温梯度(14、19和24℃)和3个光照强度(<10、500～600和1200～1300 lx),通过测定进、出水样溶解氧含量而计算乌原鲤鱼种耗氧率和临界窒息点。【结果】乌原鲤鱼种耗氧率与临界窒息点在14～19℃范围内随水温的升高而增加,对应的平均耗氧率分别为0.19±0.07、0.22±0.06和0.29±0.07 mg/(g·h),临界窒息点则表现为24℃(1.5023 mg/L)>19℃(1.4887 mg/L)>14℃(1.2180 mg/L);乌原鲤鱼种耗氧率昼夜节律表现为:14℃水温条件下白天>晚上,19℃水温条件下晚上>白天,24℃水温条件下白天>晚上。在冬季水温(13℃)条件下,光照强度<10 lx时的乌原鲤鱼种平均耗氧率为0.15±0.06 mg/(g·h),光照强度为500～600 lx时的平均耗氧率为0.16±0.08 mg/(g·h),光照强度为1200～1300 lx时的平均耗氧率为0.16±0.07 mg/(g·h);对应的乌原鲤鱼种临界窒息点分别为1.7729、1.2316和1.1639 mg/L,乌原鲤临界窒息点与光照强度呈负相关,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】在适宜生长水温范围内,乌原鲤耗氧率随水温的升高而增加,适当提高水温有利于促进其新陈代谢,提高生长速度;光照强度的变化对乌原鲤耗氧率与临界窒息点无明显影响,但黑暗条件下其临界窒息点较高。乌原鲤的高耗氧率和高临界窒息点直接限制其自然种群分布,也是造成其种群急剧减少的原因之一。
【Objective】In order to provide references for artificial breeding and large-scale fish fry cultivation,the present study evaluated the effects of temperature and light intensity on oxygen consumption rate and critical asphyxiation point of Procypris merus.【Method】The oxygen consumption rate of P. merus was measured at different temperatures(14,19 and 24 ℃)and different light intensities(<10,500-600 and 1200-1300 lx)by determining the dissolved oxygen and critical asphyxiation point in the closed water environment.【Result】Both the oxygen consumption rate and the critical asphyxiation point showed a positive relationship with temperature under a certain temperature range(14-19 ℃). The average oxygen consumption rates were 0.19±0.07 mg/(g·h)at 14 ℃,0.22±0.06 mg/(g·h)at 19 ℃,and 0.29±0.07 mg/(g·h)at24 ℃,respectively. Meanwhile,the critical asphyxiation points were 24 ℃(1.5023 mg/L)>19 ℃(1.4887 mg/L)>14 ℃(1.2180 mg/L). The day night rhythm of oxygen consumption rate showed that,day>night under 14 and 24 ℃,and night>day under 19 ℃. Under the water temperature of 13 ℃ in winter,it showed that the average oxygen consumption rate of P. merus was 0.15±0.06 mg/(g·h)when light intensity was <10 lx,and it was 0.16±0.08 mg/(g·h)when light intensity was 500-600 lx. The average oxygen consumption rate was 0.16±0.07 mg/(g·h)at 1200-1300 lx. The critical asphyxia point was 1.7729 mg/L at 10 lx,1.2316 mg/L at 500-600 lx and 1.1639 mg/L at 1200-1300 lx,respectively. The critical asphyxia point displayed a negative relationship with the light intensity,but there was no significance among the groups(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Oxygen consumption rate of P. merus increases with the water temperature under a certain temperature range that is suitable for the P. merus. Increasing water temperature properly is beneficial for promoting its metabolism and increasing its growth rate. The light intensity has no great influence on both the oxygen consumption rate and the critical asphyxiation point,except for a higher critical asphyxiation point in darkness. The high oxygen consumption rate and high critical asphyxiation point block the natural population distribution and contribute to the sharp decrease of natural population of P. merus.
【Objective】In order to provide references for artificial breeding and large-scale fish fry cultivation,the present study evaluated the effects of temperature and light intensity on oxygen consumption rate and critical asphyxiation point of Procypris merus.【Method】The oxygen consumption rate of P. merus was measured at different temperatures(14,19 and 24 ℃)and different light intensities(<10,500-600 and 1200-1300 lx)by determining the dissolved oxygen and critical asphyxiation point in the closed water environment.【Result】Both the oxygen consumption rate and the critical asphyxiation point showed a positive relationship with temperature under a certain temperature range(14-19 ℃). The average oxygen consumption rates were 0.19±0.07 mg/(g·h)at 14 ℃,0.22±0.06 mg/(g·h)at 19 ℃,and 0.29±0.07 mg/(g·h)at24 ℃,respectively. Meanwhile,the critical asphyxiation points were 24 ℃(1.5023 mg/L)>19 ℃(1.4887 mg/L)>14 ℃(1.2180 mg/L). The day night rhythm of oxygen consumption rate showed that,day>night under 14 and 24 ℃,and night>day under 19 ℃. Under the water temperature of 13 ℃ in winter,it showed that the average oxygen consumption rate of P. merus was 0.15±0.06 mg/(g·h)when light intensity was <10 lx,and it was 0.16±0.08 mg/(g·h)when light intensity was 500-600 lx. The average oxygen consumption rate was 0.16±0.07 mg/(g·h)at 1200-1300 lx. The critical asphyxia point was 1.7729 mg/L at 10 lx,1.2316 mg/L at 500-600 lx and 1.1639 mg/L at 1200-1300 lx,respectively. The critical asphyxia point displayed a negative relationship with the light intensity,but there was no significance among the groups(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Oxygen consumption rate of P. merus increases with the water temperature under a certain temperature range that is suitable for the P. merus. Increasing water temperature properly is beneficial for promoting its metabolism and increasing its growth rate. The light intensity has no great influence on both the oxygen consumption rate and the critical asphyxiation point,except for a higher critical asphyxiation point in darkness. The high oxygen consumption rate and high critical asphyxiation point block the natural population distribution and contribute to the sharp decrease of natural population of P. merus.
引文
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李清,王贵英,白晓慧,祝东海,李佩,熊传喜,陈见,刘英武.2017.黑尾近红鲌鱼种耗氧率和窒息点的研究[J].淡水渔业,47(1):91-96.[Li Q,Wang G Y,Bai X H,Zhu DH,Li P,Xiong C X,Chen J,Liu Y W.2017.Studies on oxygen consumption and asphyxiation point of Ancherythroculter nigrocauda fingerling[J].Freshwater Fisheries,47(1):91-96.]
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万玉美,赵海涛,张福崇.2013.红鳍东方鲀、菊黄东方鲀及其杂交F1幼鱼耗氧率与窒息点研究[J].水产科学,32(1):21-25.[Wan Y M,Zhao H T,Zhang F C.2013.Oxygen consumption and critical asphyxia point in juvenile redfin puffer Fugu rubripes,tawny puffer F.flavidus and their hybrid F1[J].Fisheries Science,32(1):21-25.]
王跃斌,孙忠,余方平,胡则辉.2007.温度对黑鳍棘鲷耗氧率与排氨率的影响[J].海洋渔业,29(4):375-379.[Wang Y B,Sun Z,Yu F P,Hu Z H.2007.Effect of temperature on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of Acanthopagrus schlegeli[J].Marine Fishery,29(4):375-379.]
杨凯,高银爱,袁勇超,李波,成为为,朱思华,孙俊霄,程颖红.2017.赤眼鳟耗氧率、排氨率和窒息点的初步研究[J].淡水渔业,47(5):9-13.[Yang K,Gao Y A,Yuan YC,Li B,Cheng W W,Zhu S H,Sun J X,Cheng Y H.2017.Studies on oxygen consumption rate,ammonia excretion rate and suffocation point of Spualiobarbus curriculus[J].Freshwater Fisheries,47(5):9-13.]
杨坤,祝东梅,王卫民.2013.麦穗鱼耗氧率和窒息点的测定[J].水产科学,32(5):256-260.[Yang K,Zhu D M,Wang W M.2013.Oxygen consumption rate and asphyxia point in topmouth gudgeon,Pseudorasbora parva[J].Fisheries Science,32(5):256-260.]
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