地气测量在隐伏铀矿找矿中的应用与现状
|
摘要
从地气测量原理及其在隐伏铀矿找矿领域的应用研究等方面分析国内外学者在地气测量领域的研究成果,总结出目前研究存在的主要问题和不足,为下一步研究工作提供意见和建议。地气测量是20世纪80年代逐渐发展起来的一种新型隐伏矿产勘探方法,目前地气测量在隐伏铀矿找矿中还属于起步探索阶段。地气垂直上升过程中能够将矿体相关金属元素纳米颗粒携带至地表,从而在矿体垂直投影地表处形成元素异常晕,结合这些异常元素即能够反映出深部隐伏铀矿体(或其他金属矿产)相关信息。地气测量能探测覆盖层下深达千米尺度的隐伏矿体,可用于小比例尺勘查、大比例尺普查和详查阶段及矿体定位。现阶段,地气测量研究主要存在以下3个方面的不足:(1)对于迁移过程中穿透介质(覆盖层)特性的影响研究不够深入,没有建立完善的数学理论模型;(2)目前国内几乎没有较为准确、实用的地气测量模型,很难进行可控性、重复性和对比性的实验及理论研究,有必要建立一套较完善的实体模型,为地气测量机理研究提供实验平台和技术支持;(3)国内地气铀含量分析均采用实验室分析,分析成本高,为了推广地气测量在铀矿找矿领域中的实际应用,需要对捕集溶液以及取样、测量方案进行深入研究,制定出适合不同铀矿地质构造区的野外地气现场快速测量方法,实现野外地气现场快速、准确测量。
The research achievements of geogas prospecting through the mechanisms of geogas prospecting and its applied research in the area of concealed uranium deposits prospecting were analyzed.Geogas prospecting is a new means of deeply concealed deposits exploration that started to develop gradually from the 1980 s and is at an initial stage of research in concealed uranium deposits exploration.Furthermore,comments and suggestions were provided for following research work by summarizing the shortcomings and problems of current studies in this paper.A general upward micro-flow of geogas could carry the metal nanoparticles associated with ore body underground to the surface of earth to come into being anomaly halos of elements contents above the ore body,and with these anomaly halos,the relevant information of deeply concealed uranium deposits(or other classes of metal ore bodies) would be reflected.The depth that geogas measurement could achieve for prospecting concealed deposits under the covering layers is up to a thousand meter.Geogas prospecting can be used for investigating in small scales,surveying generally and in detail in big scales and locating the ore bodies.At the present stage,there are three primary undermentioned problems in the studies of geogas prospecting:(1)On the one hand,the researches of how mediums(covering layer) would affect the migration process of geogas are far from enough.On the other hand,appropriate mathematical theory models have not been set up yet.(2)In China,there are currently few accurate and practical physical models for geogas prospecting to carry out controllable and repetitive series experiments as well as theoretical studies.It is essential that an appropriate physical model should be established timely in order to provide an experimental platform and a kind of technical assistance for the mechanism study of geogas prospecting.(3)To achieve the aim of popularizing the geogas prospecting in the uranium exploration area,the research of trapping solution and sampling and measuring methods should be further developed and the methods of rapid geogas in-site measuring which are suitable for various geologic structures of uranium deposits should be made reasonably to cater to the need of rapid and accurate field measurement.
The research achievements of geogas prospecting through the mechanisms of geogas prospecting and its applied research in the area of concealed uranium deposits prospecting were analyzed.Geogas prospecting is a new means of deeply concealed deposits exploration that started to develop gradually from the 1980 s and is at an initial stage of research in concealed uranium deposits exploration.Furthermore,comments and suggestions were provided for following research work by summarizing the shortcomings and problems of current studies in this paper.A general upward micro-flow of geogas could carry the metal nanoparticles associated with ore body underground to the surface of earth to come into being anomaly halos of elements contents above the ore body,and with these anomaly halos,the relevant information of deeply concealed uranium deposits(or other classes of metal ore bodies) would be reflected.The depth that geogas measurement could achieve for prospecting concealed deposits under the covering layers is up to a thousand meter.Geogas prospecting can be used for investigating in small scales,surveying generally and in detail in big scales and locating the ore bodies.At the present stage,there are three primary undermentioned problems in the studies of geogas prospecting:(1)On the one hand,the researches of how mediums(covering layer) would affect the migration process of geogas are far from enough.On the other hand,appropriate mathematical theory models have not been set up yet.(2)In China,there are currently few accurate and practical physical models for geogas prospecting to carry out controllable and repetitive series experiments as well as theoretical studies.It is essential that an appropriate physical model should be established timely in order to provide an experimental platform and a kind of technical assistance for the mechanism study of geogas prospecting.(3)To achieve the aim of popularizing the geogas prospecting in the uranium exploration area,the research of trapping solution and sampling and measuring methods should be further developed and the methods of rapid geogas in-site measuring which are suitable for various geologic structures of uranium deposits should be made reasonably to cater to the need of rapid and accurate field measurement.
引文
[1]Yang Zhanhong,Luo Hong,Xue Jie,et al.Comparative study of the carbon emission situation and goals between China and India[J].Advances in Earth Science,2016,31(7):764-773.[杨占红,罗宏,薛婕,等.中印两国碳排放形势及目标比较研究[J].地球科学进展,2016,31(7):764-773.]
[2]Liu Cao,Chen Yuanrong,Lu Fulan,et al.Analyze in development status of new geochemical exploration methods for deep target[J].Mineral Resources and Geology,2016,30(3):446-450.[刘草,陈远荣,鲁富兰,等.基于深地勘探的化探新方法发展现状分析[J].矿产与地质,2016,30(3):446-450.]
[3]Kristiansson K,Malmqvist L.A new model mechanism for the transportation of Radon through the ground[J].Geophisics,1981,46(4):2 535-2 565.
[4]Kristiansson K,Malmqvist L.Evidence for nondiffusive transport of222Rn in the ground and a new physical model for the transport[J].Geophisics,1982,47(10):1 444-1 452.
[5]Liu Chang,Cao Jianjin,Xiong Zhihua,et al.Method and application of geogas measurements[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2009,29(Suppl.1):436.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2009.s1.303.[刘昶,曹建劲,熊志华,等.地气测量原理及应用[J].矿物学报,2009,29(增刊1):436.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2009.s1.303.]
[6]Li Bo.Study on Application of Geogas Detection Fault Zone—Taking the Cuoji Mountain of Maowen Fault as an Example[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2016.[李波.地气测量探测断裂带应用研究——以茂汶断裂撮箕山段为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2016.]
[7]Liu Xiaohui,Zhou Sichun,Hu Bo.Pilot study of explorating concealed hot spring by geogas prospecting technique[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2015,35(Suppl.1):1 110-1 111.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.100 0-4734.2015.s1.803.[刘晓辉,周四春,胡波.地气测量技术用于隐伏温泉勘探的初步研究[J].矿物学报,2015,35(增刊1):1 110-1 111.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2015.s1.803.]
[8]Zhang Yi.Discussion on Using Geogas and Emanation Prospecting Method to Infer the Actives of Fault[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.[张祎.地气及射气测量推断断层活动性的探讨[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.]
[9]Lu Renqi,Wang Duoyi,Liu Yawei,et al.Experimental geogas survey in the Xinchang gasfield of western Sichuan[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2008,32(6):678-681,684.[鲁人齐,王多义,刘亚伟,等.川西新场气田地气测量试验[J].物探与化探,2008,32(6):678-681,684.]
[10]Hu Guocheng.Geochemical techniques and methods used in deep-seated and concealed mineral deposits exploration[J].Sun Yat-Sen University(Natural Sciences,Medicine),2011,32(1):40-49.[胡国成.深部及隐伏矿床的地球化学寻找方法综述[J].中山大学研究生学刊:自然科学、医学版,2011,32(1):40-49.]
[11]Ke Dan,Wu Guodong,Liu Hongjun.The history and advance of deep-penetrating geochemistry in the exploration for uranium resources[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2016,33(3):160-166.[柯丹,吴国东,刘洪军.铀矿勘查深穿透地球化学方法及其研究进展[J].世界核地质科学,2016,33(3):160-166.]
[12]Yang Yaxin,Xiao Saijin,Liu Qingcheng,et al.Detection of trace uranium in air with field spectrometry[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012,32(7):1 939-1 942.[杨亚新,肖赛金,刘庆成,等.空气中痕量铀的现场光度法测定[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(7):1 939-1 942.]
[13]Xiao Saijin,Zhang Xinglei,Huang Longzhu,et al.Detection of trace uranium in ore powder samples by field optical method[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology(Natural Sciences),2014,37(4):438-441.[肖赛金,张兴磊,黄龙珠,等.矿石粉末中痕量铀的现场光度法分析[J].东华理工大学学报:自然科学版,2014,37(4):438-441.]
[14]Malmqvist L,Kristiansson K.Microflow of geogas—A possible formation mechanism for deep-sea nodules[J].Marine Geology,1981,40(3/4):M1-M3.
[15]Malmqvist L,Kristiansson K.Experimental evidence for an ascending microflow of geogas in the ground[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1984,70(2):407-416.
[16]Lippmann-Pipke J,Erzinger J,Zimmer M,et al.Geogas transport in fractured hard rock—Correlations with mining seismicity at3.54 km depth,Tau Tona gold mine,South Africa[J].Applied Geochemistry,2011,26(12):2 134-2 146.
[17]Kristiansson K.Trace elements in the geogas and their relation to bedrock composition[J].Geoexploration,1987,24:517-534.
[18]Cao J J,Li Y K,Jiang T,et al.Sulfur-containing particles emitted by concealed sulfide ore deposits:An unknown source of sulfur-containing particles in the atmosphere[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2015,15(1):6 959-6 969.
[19]Wu Qiang,Xu Aizhong,Dong Donglin,et al.Prospect for minerals by nanoscale minerals:The prospecting of hidden mineral resources with the carried nanoscale minerals by goegas[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2003,31(4):9-12.[武强,许爱忠,董东林,等.纳米探矿——用地气携带的纳米物质勘查隐伏矿[J].煤田地质与勘探,2003,31(4):9-12.]
[20]Fan Limin,Xu Xing.Geogas anomalies on a hidden gold deposit[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1990,36(9):791-792.
[21]Sun Jian,Chen Yuelong,Li Dapeng.New advances in geochemical exploration of concealed deposits[J].Advances in Earth Science,2011,26(8):822-836.[孙剑,陈岳龙,李大鹏.隐伏矿床勘查地球化学新进展[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(8):822-836.]
[22]Tong Chunhan,Li Juchu,Ge Liangquan,et al.Experimental observation of the nano-scale particles in geogas matters and its geological significance[J].Science in China(Series D),1998,41(3):325-329.
[23]Luo Songying,Cao Jianjin,Yan Hongbin,et al.TEM observations of particles based on sampling in gas and soil at the Dongshengmiao polymetallic pyrite deposit,Inner Mongolia,Northern China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2015,158:95-111.
[24]Xiaojun Wei,Jianjin Cao,Holub R F,et al.TEM study of geogas-transported nanoparticles from the Fankou lead-zinc deposit,Guangdong Province,South China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2013,128:124-135.
[25]Kristiansson K,Malmqvist L,Persson W.Geogas prospecting:A new tool in the search for concealed mineralizations[J].Endravour New Serias,1990,14(1):28-33.
[26]Malmqvist L,Kristiansson K,Kristiansson P.Geogas prospecting-an ideal industrial application of PIXE[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,1999,150:484-490.
[27]Cao Jianjin,Hu Ruizhong,Liang Zhirong,et al.TEM observation of geogas-carried particles from the Changkeng concealed gold deposit,Guangdong Province,South China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2009,101(3):247-253.
[28]Yang Yaxin.Research of simulation experiment and technique in applying geogas method to sandstone uranium deposits exploration[J].Journal of East China Geological Institute,2001,24(4):271-272.[杨亚新.地气测量寻找砂岩型铀矿的模拟实验及技术研究[J].华东地质学院学报,2001,24(4):271-272.]
[29]Wang Xueqiu.Dynamic collection of geogas and its preliminary application in search for concealed deposits[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,1995,19(3):161-171.[王学求.地气动态提取技术的研制及在寻找隐伏矿上的初步试验[J].物探与化探,1995,19(3):161-171.]
[30]Zhang Bimin,Wang Xueqiu,Yao Wensheng,et al.Geogas Sampling Device with Function of Drilling as well as Exhausting:201520554300.4[P].2016-01-20.[张必敏,王学求,姚文生,等.钻进与抽气一体式地气取样器:201520554300.4[P].2016-01-20.]
[31]Tang Jinrong,Yang Zhongfang,Wang Mingqi,et al.Method and application of geogas measurements[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(3):193-198.[唐金荣,杨忠芳,汪明启,等.地气测量方法研究及应用[J].物探与化探,2004,28(3):193-198.]
[32]Wang Yunqi.To improve the efficiency of catching review geogas method set[J].World Nonferrous Metals,2016,(13):179-180.[王昀颀.提高地气测量捕集效率方法综述[J].世界有色金属,2016,(13):179-180.]
[33]Zhou Sichun.Method of Dynamic Geogas Prospecting with Adjustable Efficiency:201210027822.X[P].2012-08-01.[周四春.效率可调的动态地气测量方法:201210027822.X[P].2012-08-01.]
[34]Hu Bo,Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,et al.Geogas survey experiment for exploration of concealed polymetallic deposit at great depth[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(6):1 068-1 072.[胡波,周四春,刘晓辉,等.大深度隐伏多金属矿地气探测试验[J].物探与化探,2012,36(6):1 068-1 072.]
[35]Liu Xiaohui,Zhou Sichun,Tong Chunhan,et al.The method and technique for improving the detection sensitivity of dynamic geogas survey[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,(6):1 064-1 067.[刘晓辉,周四春,童纯菡,等.提高地气探测灵敏度的方法[J].物探与化探,2012,(6):1 064-1 067.]
[36]Yuan Lulu,Wang Mingqi,Hu Jiale.Study of Au prospecting by geogas in Sunite gold deposit[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,962/965:646-649.
[37]Wu Chuanbi.Current research and prospect of domestic“Geogas method”[J].Foreign Geoexploration Technology,1997,(1):16-19.[吴传璧.“地气法”在我国的研究现状及前景[J].国外地质勘探技术,1997,(1):16-19.]
[38]Tong Chunhan,Li Juchu.Geogas prospecting and its mechanism in the search for deep-seated or concealed gold deposits[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1999,42(1):135-142,145-146.[童纯菡,李巨初.地气测量寻找深部隐伏金矿及其机理研究[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(1):135-142,145-146.]
[39]Cao Jianjin.The effect factors and the present state of geogas measurement study[J].Hunan Geology,2001,20(2):154-156.[曹建劲.地气测量研究现状及其影响因素[J].湖南地质,2001,20(2):154-156.]
[40]Zhu Jian,Zhou Sichun,Liu Jun,et al.Discussion of factors affecting results of geogas prospecting[J].Modern Mining,2014,537(1):62-64,96.[朱剑,周四春,刘俊,等.影响地气测量结果有关因素的讨论[J].现代矿业,2014,537(1):62-64,96.]
[41]Tong Chunhan,Li Juchu,Ge Liangquan,et al.Transportation of the ore-forming matters by ascending gas flows in the crust and the mechanism of geogas prospecting[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1997,17(3):83-88.[童纯菡,李巨初,葛良全,等.地壳内上升气流对物质的迁移及地气测量原理[J].矿物岩石,1997,17(3):83-88.]
[42]Zhou Ziyong,Tao Shu,Xu Fuliu,et al.A physical-mathematical model for the transport of heavy metals and toxic matter from point sources by geogas microbubbles[J].Ecological Modelling,2003,161:139-149.
[43]Klusman R W.Transport of ultratrace reduced gases and particulate,near-surface oxidation,metal deposition and adsorption[J].Geochemistry:Exploration,Environment Analysis,2009,(9):203-213.
[44]Liu Qingcheng,Wan Jun,Yang Yaxin,et al.Preliminary research on regularities of Geo-gas anomalies above in-situ leachable Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits[J].Uranium Geology,2002,18(5):308-312.[刘庆成,万骏,杨亚新,等.可地浸砂岩型铀矿床上地气异常规律的初步探索[J].铀矿地质,2002,18(5):308-312.]
[45]Liu Xiaohui,Zhou Sichun,Tong Chunhan,et al.A study of element migration regularity in geogas model[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(6):1 050-1 054.[刘晓辉,周四春,童纯菡,等.地气模型中元素迁移规律[J].物探与化探,2012,36(6):1 050-1 054.]
[46]Tang Zhen,Zhou Sichun,Cao Yong,et al.The application of imitative model experiment for geogas transportion[J].China Mining Magazine,2013,22(6):106-109,117.[唐桢,周四春,曹勇,等.地气物质迁移模型实验[J].中国矿业,2013,22(6):106-109,117.]
[47]Tang Zhen.Study on Geogas Transportation Rule[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2012.[唐桢.地气物质迁移规律研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2012.]
[48]Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,Tong Chunhan,et al.Application research of geogas survey in prospecting concealed ore[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(4):736-754.[周四春,刘晓辉,童纯菡,等.地气测量技术及在隐伏矿找矿中的应用研究[J].地质学报,2014,88(4):736-754.]
[49]Kelley D L,Kelley K D,Coker W B,et al.Beyond the obvious limits of ore Deposits:The use of mineralogical,geochemical,and biological features for the remote detection of internalization[J].Economic Geology,2006,101(4):729-752.
[50]Tang Zhen,Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,et al.Application of geogas survey in prospecting for deep concealed ore deposits[J].Metal Mine,2011,421(7):120-122,142.[唐桢,周四春,刘晓辉,等.地气测量在寻找深部隐伏矿中的应用[J].金属矿山,2011,421(7):120-122,142.]
[51]Zhao Chunjiang.The Study on Concealed Metallic Mineral Exploration by GEOGAS Measurement Combined with Geophysical and Geochemical Method[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.[赵春江.地气测量结合现场物化探方法勘查隐伏金属矿研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.]
[52]Liang Weitian.Application of geogas method and comprehensive logging in deep prospecting[J].Mining Engineering,2016,14(4):9-11.[梁维天.地气分析法结合综合测井在深部找矿中的应用[J].矿业工程,2016,14(4):9-11.]
[53]Wang Yong,Ye Rong,Liu Hongjun,et al.Deep-penetrating geochemical microscopic evidence in the hydrothermal uranium deposit exploration[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2017,34(3):167-173.[王勇,叶荣,刘洪军,等.热液型铀矿穿透性地球化学勘查方法的微观证据[J].世界核地质科学,2017,34(3):167-173.]
[54]Wang Xueqiu,Xu Shanfa,Zhang Bimin,et al.Deep-penetrating geochemistry for sandstone-type uranium deposits in the TurpanHami Basin,North-western China[J].Applied Geochemistry,2011,26(12):2 238-2 246.
[55]Yao Wensheng,Wang Xueqiu,Zhang Bimin,et al.Pilot study of deep-penetrating geochemical exploration for sandstone-type uranium deposit,Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(3):167-176.[姚文生,王学求,张必敏,等.鄂尔多斯盆地砂岩型铀矿深穿透地球化学勘查方法实验[J].地学前缘,2012,19(3):167-176.]
[56]Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,Zhu Ba,et al.Research of prospecting hranite-type concealed uranium feposit with geogas method[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2011,31(Suppl.1):330-331.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2011.s1.132.[周四春,刘晓辉,朱捌,等.地气测量勘查花岗岩隐伏铀矿研究[J].矿物学报,2011,31(增刊1):330-331.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2011.s1.132.]
[57]Zhao Hui.Study and Significance of the Geogas Field of Zhuguangshan Concealed Granite Uranium[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014.[赵辉.诸广山隐伏花岗岩铀矿地气场研究及意义[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.]
[58]Zhang Guoya.Gamma-ray Spectrometry and Geogas as Detection of Concealed Granite Uranium Research—An Example of a Uranium Mine in Northern Guangdong[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.[张国亚.伽玛能谱与地气测量勘查花岗岩隐伏铀矿研究——以粤北某铀矿为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.]
[59]Zhang Wenyu,Zhou Sichun,Zhang Guoya.A uranium exploration in North of Guangdong area use geogas survey and Gamma ray spectrometry to analyze the anomaly characteristics[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(28):120-124.[张文宇,周四春,张国亚.粤北某铀矿勘查区地气测量与伽马能谱方法异常特征分析[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(28):120-124.]
[60]Hu Bo,Yang Kui,Zhang Wenyu,et al.The study of the gas and radioactive field in an uanium exploration area[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(26):120-123.[胡波,杨奎,张文宇,等.某铀矿勘查区的地气与放射性场研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(26):120-123.]
[61]Liu Yingjun,Qiu Detong.Exploration Geochemistry(First Edition)[M].Beijing:Science Press,1987:11-21.[刘英俊,邱德同.勘查地球化学(第一版)[M].北京:科学出版社,1987:11-21.]
[62]Zhao Feng,Zhou Sichun,Ge Liangquan,et al.The experimental study of geogas measurement to uranium deposit in Northern Guangdong[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(6):1 073-1 076.[赵峰,周四春,葛良全,等.地气测量在粤北某铀矿区的试验研究[J].物探与化探,2012,36(6):1 073-1 076.]
[63]Liu Ze,Fang Fang,Sun Lin,et al.Hubei Li Section of uranium anomaly and prospecting foreground analysis[J].Sichuan Nonferrous Metals,2013,(4):40-42,47.[刘泽,方方,孙森,等.地气测量在湖北李家段地区的应用研究[J].四川有色金属,2013,(4):40-42,47.]
[64]Yang Kui.Applied Goegas and X-ray Fluorescence to Prospecting on An Uranium Mine Exploration Area of Southeastern Hubei[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2016.[杨奎.地气与X荧光测量在鄂东南某铀矿勘查区找矿中的应用[D].成都:成都理工大学,2016.]
[2]Liu Cao,Chen Yuanrong,Lu Fulan,et al.Analyze in development status of new geochemical exploration methods for deep target[J].Mineral Resources and Geology,2016,30(3):446-450.[刘草,陈远荣,鲁富兰,等.基于深地勘探的化探新方法发展现状分析[J].矿产与地质,2016,30(3):446-450.]
[3]Kristiansson K,Malmqvist L.A new model mechanism for the transportation of Radon through the ground[J].Geophisics,1981,46(4):2 535-2 565.
[4]Kristiansson K,Malmqvist L.Evidence for nondiffusive transport of222Rn in the ground and a new physical model for the transport[J].Geophisics,1982,47(10):1 444-1 452.
[5]Liu Chang,Cao Jianjin,Xiong Zhihua,et al.Method and application of geogas measurements[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2009,29(Suppl.1):436.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2009.s1.303.[刘昶,曹建劲,熊志华,等.地气测量原理及应用[J].矿物学报,2009,29(增刊1):436.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2009.s1.303.]
[6]Li Bo.Study on Application of Geogas Detection Fault Zone—Taking the Cuoji Mountain of Maowen Fault as an Example[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2016.[李波.地气测量探测断裂带应用研究——以茂汶断裂撮箕山段为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2016.]
[7]Liu Xiaohui,Zhou Sichun,Hu Bo.Pilot study of explorating concealed hot spring by geogas prospecting technique[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2015,35(Suppl.1):1 110-1 111.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.100 0-4734.2015.s1.803.[刘晓辉,周四春,胡波.地气测量技术用于隐伏温泉勘探的初步研究[J].矿物学报,2015,35(增刊1):1 110-1 111.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2015.s1.803.]
[8]Zhang Yi.Discussion on Using Geogas and Emanation Prospecting Method to Infer the Actives of Fault[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.[张祎.地气及射气测量推断断层活动性的探讨[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.]
[9]Lu Renqi,Wang Duoyi,Liu Yawei,et al.Experimental geogas survey in the Xinchang gasfield of western Sichuan[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2008,32(6):678-681,684.[鲁人齐,王多义,刘亚伟,等.川西新场气田地气测量试验[J].物探与化探,2008,32(6):678-681,684.]
[10]Hu Guocheng.Geochemical techniques and methods used in deep-seated and concealed mineral deposits exploration[J].Sun Yat-Sen University(Natural Sciences,Medicine),2011,32(1):40-49.[胡国成.深部及隐伏矿床的地球化学寻找方法综述[J].中山大学研究生学刊:自然科学、医学版,2011,32(1):40-49.]
[11]Ke Dan,Wu Guodong,Liu Hongjun.The history and advance of deep-penetrating geochemistry in the exploration for uranium resources[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2016,33(3):160-166.[柯丹,吴国东,刘洪军.铀矿勘查深穿透地球化学方法及其研究进展[J].世界核地质科学,2016,33(3):160-166.]
[12]Yang Yaxin,Xiao Saijin,Liu Qingcheng,et al.Detection of trace uranium in air with field spectrometry[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012,32(7):1 939-1 942.[杨亚新,肖赛金,刘庆成,等.空气中痕量铀的现场光度法测定[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(7):1 939-1 942.]
[13]Xiao Saijin,Zhang Xinglei,Huang Longzhu,et al.Detection of trace uranium in ore powder samples by field optical method[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology(Natural Sciences),2014,37(4):438-441.[肖赛金,张兴磊,黄龙珠,等.矿石粉末中痕量铀的现场光度法分析[J].东华理工大学学报:自然科学版,2014,37(4):438-441.]
[14]Malmqvist L,Kristiansson K.Microflow of geogas—A possible formation mechanism for deep-sea nodules[J].Marine Geology,1981,40(3/4):M1-M3.
[15]Malmqvist L,Kristiansson K.Experimental evidence for an ascending microflow of geogas in the ground[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1984,70(2):407-416.
[16]Lippmann-Pipke J,Erzinger J,Zimmer M,et al.Geogas transport in fractured hard rock—Correlations with mining seismicity at3.54 km depth,Tau Tona gold mine,South Africa[J].Applied Geochemistry,2011,26(12):2 134-2 146.
[17]Kristiansson K.Trace elements in the geogas and their relation to bedrock composition[J].Geoexploration,1987,24:517-534.
[18]Cao J J,Li Y K,Jiang T,et al.Sulfur-containing particles emitted by concealed sulfide ore deposits:An unknown source of sulfur-containing particles in the atmosphere[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2015,15(1):6 959-6 969.
[19]Wu Qiang,Xu Aizhong,Dong Donglin,et al.Prospect for minerals by nanoscale minerals:The prospecting of hidden mineral resources with the carried nanoscale minerals by goegas[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2003,31(4):9-12.[武强,许爱忠,董东林,等.纳米探矿——用地气携带的纳米物质勘查隐伏矿[J].煤田地质与勘探,2003,31(4):9-12.]
[20]Fan Limin,Xu Xing.Geogas anomalies on a hidden gold deposit[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1990,36(9):791-792.
[21]Sun Jian,Chen Yuelong,Li Dapeng.New advances in geochemical exploration of concealed deposits[J].Advances in Earth Science,2011,26(8):822-836.[孙剑,陈岳龙,李大鹏.隐伏矿床勘查地球化学新进展[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(8):822-836.]
[22]Tong Chunhan,Li Juchu,Ge Liangquan,et al.Experimental observation of the nano-scale particles in geogas matters and its geological significance[J].Science in China(Series D),1998,41(3):325-329.
[23]Luo Songying,Cao Jianjin,Yan Hongbin,et al.TEM observations of particles based on sampling in gas and soil at the Dongshengmiao polymetallic pyrite deposit,Inner Mongolia,Northern China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2015,158:95-111.
[24]Xiaojun Wei,Jianjin Cao,Holub R F,et al.TEM study of geogas-transported nanoparticles from the Fankou lead-zinc deposit,Guangdong Province,South China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2013,128:124-135.
[25]Kristiansson K,Malmqvist L,Persson W.Geogas prospecting:A new tool in the search for concealed mineralizations[J].Endravour New Serias,1990,14(1):28-33.
[26]Malmqvist L,Kristiansson K,Kristiansson P.Geogas prospecting-an ideal industrial application of PIXE[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,1999,150:484-490.
[27]Cao Jianjin,Hu Ruizhong,Liang Zhirong,et al.TEM observation of geogas-carried particles from the Changkeng concealed gold deposit,Guangdong Province,South China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2009,101(3):247-253.
[28]Yang Yaxin.Research of simulation experiment and technique in applying geogas method to sandstone uranium deposits exploration[J].Journal of East China Geological Institute,2001,24(4):271-272.[杨亚新.地气测量寻找砂岩型铀矿的模拟实验及技术研究[J].华东地质学院学报,2001,24(4):271-272.]
[29]Wang Xueqiu.Dynamic collection of geogas and its preliminary application in search for concealed deposits[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,1995,19(3):161-171.[王学求.地气动态提取技术的研制及在寻找隐伏矿上的初步试验[J].物探与化探,1995,19(3):161-171.]
[30]Zhang Bimin,Wang Xueqiu,Yao Wensheng,et al.Geogas Sampling Device with Function of Drilling as well as Exhausting:201520554300.4[P].2016-01-20.[张必敏,王学求,姚文生,等.钻进与抽气一体式地气取样器:201520554300.4[P].2016-01-20.]
[31]Tang Jinrong,Yang Zhongfang,Wang Mingqi,et al.Method and application of geogas measurements[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(3):193-198.[唐金荣,杨忠芳,汪明启,等.地气测量方法研究及应用[J].物探与化探,2004,28(3):193-198.]
[32]Wang Yunqi.To improve the efficiency of catching review geogas method set[J].World Nonferrous Metals,2016,(13):179-180.[王昀颀.提高地气测量捕集效率方法综述[J].世界有色金属,2016,(13):179-180.]
[33]Zhou Sichun.Method of Dynamic Geogas Prospecting with Adjustable Efficiency:201210027822.X[P].2012-08-01.[周四春.效率可调的动态地气测量方法:201210027822.X[P].2012-08-01.]
[34]Hu Bo,Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,et al.Geogas survey experiment for exploration of concealed polymetallic deposit at great depth[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(6):1 068-1 072.[胡波,周四春,刘晓辉,等.大深度隐伏多金属矿地气探测试验[J].物探与化探,2012,36(6):1 068-1 072.]
[35]Liu Xiaohui,Zhou Sichun,Tong Chunhan,et al.The method and technique for improving the detection sensitivity of dynamic geogas survey[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,(6):1 064-1 067.[刘晓辉,周四春,童纯菡,等.提高地气探测灵敏度的方法[J].物探与化探,2012,(6):1 064-1 067.]
[36]Yuan Lulu,Wang Mingqi,Hu Jiale.Study of Au prospecting by geogas in Sunite gold deposit[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,962/965:646-649.
[37]Wu Chuanbi.Current research and prospect of domestic“Geogas method”[J].Foreign Geoexploration Technology,1997,(1):16-19.[吴传璧.“地气法”在我国的研究现状及前景[J].国外地质勘探技术,1997,(1):16-19.]
[38]Tong Chunhan,Li Juchu.Geogas prospecting and its mechanism in the search for deep-seated or concealed gold deposits[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1999,42(1):135-142,145-146.[童纯菡,李巨初.地气测量寻找深部隐伏金矿及其机理研究[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(1):135-142,145-146.]
[39]Cao Jianjin.The effect factors and the present state of geogas measurement study[J].Hunan Geology,2001,20(2):154-156.[曹建劲.地气测量研究现状及其影响因素[J].湖南地质,2001,20(2):154-156.]
[40]Zhu Jian,Zhou Sichun,Liu Jun,et al.Discussion of factors affecting results of geogas prospecting[J].Modern Mining,2014,537(1):62-64,96.[朱剑,周四春,刘俊,等.影响地气测量结果有关因素的讨论[J].现代矿业,2014,537(1):62-64,96.]
[41]Tong Chunhan,Li Juchu,Ge Liangquan,et al.Transportation of the ore-forming matters by ascending gas flows in the crust and the mechanism of geogas prospecting[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1997,17(3):83-88.[童纯菡,李巨初,葛良全,等.地壳内上升气流对物质的迁移及地气测量原理[J].矿物岩石,1997,17(3):83-88.]
[42]Zhou Ziyong,Tao Shu,Xu Fuliu,et al.A physical-mathematical model for the transport of heavy metals and toxic matter from point sources by geogas microbubbles[J].Ecological Modelling,2003,161:139-149.
[43]Klusman R W.Transport of ultratrace reduced gases and particulate,near-surface oxidation,metal deposition and adsorption[J].Geochemistry:Exploration,Environment Analysis,2009,(9):203-213.
[44]Liu Qingcheng,Wan Jun,Yang Yaxin,et al.Preliminary research on regularities of Geo-gas anomalies above in-situ leachable Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits[J].Uranium Geology,2002,18(5):308-312.[刘庆成,万骏,杨亚新,等.可地浸砂岩型铀矿床上地气异常规律的初步探索[J].铀矿地质,2002,18(5):308-312.]
[45]Liu Xiaohui,Zhou Sichun,Tong Chunhan,et al.A study of element migration regularity in geogas model[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(6):1 050-1 054.[刘晓辉,周四春,童纯菡,等.地气模型中元素迁移规律[J].物探与化探,2012,36(6):1 050-1 054.]
[46]Tang Zhen,Zhou Sichun,Cao Yong,et al.The application of imitative model experiment for geogas transportion[J].China Mining Magazine,2013,22(6):106-109,117.[唐桢,周四春,曹勇,等.地气物质迁移模型实验[J].中国矿业,2013,22(6):106-109,117.]
[47]Tang Zhen.Study on Geogas Transportation Rule[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2012.[唐桢.地气物质迁移规律研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2012.]
[48]Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,Tong Chunhan,et al.Application research of geogas survey in prospecting concealed ore[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(4):736-754.[周四春,刘晓辉,童纯菡,等.地气测量技术及在隐伏矿找矿中的应用研究[J].地质学报,2014,88(4):736-754.]
[49]Kelley D L,Kelley K D,Coker W B,et al.Beyond the obvious limits of ore Deposits:The use of mineralogical,geochemical,and biological features for the remote detection of internalization[J].Economic Geology,2006,101(4):729-752.
[50]Tang Zhen,Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,et al.Application of geogas survey in prospecting for deep concealed ore deposits[J].Metal Mine,2011,421(7):120-122,142.[唐桢,周四春,刘晓辉,等.地气测量在寻找深部隐伏矿中的应用[J].金属矿山,2011,421(7):120-122,142.]
[51]Zhao Chunjiang.The Study on Concealed Metallic Mineral Exploration by GEOGAS Measurement Combined with Geophysical and Geochemical Method[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.[赵春江.地气测量结合现场物化探方法勘查隐伏金属矿研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.]
[52]Liang Weitian.Application of geogas method and comprehensive logging in deep prospecting[J].Mining Engineering,2016,14(4):9-11.[梁维天.地气分析法结合综合测井在深部找矿中的应用[J].矿业工程,2016,14(4):9-11.]
[53]Wang Yong,Ye Rong,Liu Hongjun,et al.Deep-penetrating geochemical microscopic evidence in the hydrothermal uranium deposit exploration[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2017,34(3):167-173.[王勇,叶荣,刘洪军,等.热液型铀矿穿透性地球化学勘查方法的微观证据[J].世界核地质科学,2017,34(3):167-173.]
[54]Wang Xueqiu,Xu Shanfa,Zhang Bimin,et al.Deep-penetrating geochemistry for sandstone-type uranium deposits in the TurpanHami Basin,North-western China[J].Applied Geochemistry,2011,26(12):2 238-2 246.
[55]Yao Wensheng,Wang Xueqiu,Zhang Bimin,et al.Pilot study of deep-penetrating geochemical exploration for sandstone-type uranium deposit,Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(3):167-176.[姚文生,王学求,张必敏,等.鄂尔多斯盆地砂岩型铀矿深穿透地球化学勘查方法实验[J].地学前缘,2012,19(3):167-176.]
[56]Zhou Sichun,Liu Xiaohui,Zhu Ba,et al.Research of prospecting hranite-type concealed uranium feposit with geogas method[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2011,31(Suppl.1):330-331.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2011.s1.132.[周四春,刘晓辉,朱捌,等.地气测量勘查花岗岩隐伏铀矿研究[J].矿物学报,2011,31(增刊1):330-331.DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2011.s1.132.]
[57]Zhao Hui.Study and Significance of the Geogas Field of Zhuguangshan Concealed Granite Uranium[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014.[赵辉.诸广山隐伏花岗岩铀矿地气场研究及意义[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.]
[58]Zhang Guoya.Gamma-ray Spectrometry and Geogas as Detection of Concealed Granite Uranium Research—An Example of a Uranium Mine in Northern Guangdong[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.[张国亚.伽玛能谱与地气测量勘查花岗岩隐伏铀矿研究——以粤北某铀矿为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.]
[59]Zhang Wenyu,Zhou Sichun,Zhang Guoya.A uranium exploration in North of Guangdong area use geogas survey and Gamma ray spectrometry to analyze the anomaly characteristics[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(28):120-124.[张文宇,周四春,张国亚.粤北某铀矿勘查区地气测量与伽马能谱方法异常特征分析[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(28):120-124.]
[60]Hu Bo,Yang Kui,Zhang Wenyu,et al.The study of the gas and radioactive field in an uanium exploration area[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(26):120-123.[胡波,杨奎,张文宇,等.某铀矿勘查区的地气与放射性场研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(26):120-123.]
[61]Liu Yingjun,Qiu Detong.Exploration Geochemistry(First Edition)[M].Beijing:Science Press,1987:11-21.[刘英俊,邱德同.勘查地球化学(第一版)[M].北京:科学出版社,1987:11-21.]
[62]Zhao Feng,Zhou Sichun,Ge Liangquan,et al.The experimental study of geogas measurement to uranium deposit in Northern Guangdong[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(6):1 073-1 076.[赵峰,周四春,葛良全,等.地气测量在粤北某铀矿区的试验研究[J].物探与化探,2012,36(6):1 073-1 076.]
[63]Liu Ze,Fang Fang,Sun Lin,et al.Hubei Li Section of uranium anomaly and prospecting foreground analysis[J].Sichuan Nonferrous Metals,2013,(4):40-42,47.[刘泽,方方,孙森,等.地气测量在湖北李家段地区的应用研究[J].四川有色金属,2013,(4):40-42,47.]
[64]Yang Kui.Applied Goegas and X-ray Fluorescence to Prospecting on An Uranium Mine Exploration Area of Southeastern Hubei[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2016.[杨奎.地气与X荧光测量在鄂东南某铀矿勘查区找矿中的应用[D].成都:成都理工大学,2016.]