块型建材氡射气系数快速测量的初步研究
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摘要
目的初步研究并建立块型建材中氡射气系数的快速测量方法。方法本工作以块型加气混凝土为研究对象,建立氡射气输运理论模型、采用测氡仪和密闭装置测量累积氡浓度、计算氡射气系数,并与标准测量方法进行比对。结果该方法与标准方法的测量结果无显著性差异,表明了较高的可靠性。结论研究建立的快速测量方法可较大缩短测量时间,利于建材氡放射性危害的评价,是其放射性危害防控体系的有益补充。
Objective To study and establish a fast measurement method for the radon emanation coefficient of building materials was preliminarily. Methods By selecting the aerated concrete block as research object,radon concentration was measured by using continual radon monitor and sealed chamber. The transportation law inside of the building material and sealed chamber was analyzed. Radon emanation was calculated and compared with the one obtained by standard method. Results The reliability of the quick measurement method was validated by no significant difference between the results of two methods.Conclusion This method can relatively largely shorten the measurement time and help assessing the radiological hazard by radon from building materials. The establishment of this method provide a helpful supplement for the prevention and control system of radiological hazard by building materials.
Objective To study and establish a fast measurement method for the radon emanation coefficient of building materials was preliminarily. Methods By selecting the aerated concrete block as research object,radon concentration was measured by using continual radon monitor and sealed chamber. The transportation law inside of the building material and sealed chamber was analyzed. Radon emanation was calculated and compared with the one obtained by standard method. Results The reliability of the quick measurement method was validated by no significant difference between the results of two methods.Conclusion This method can relatively largely shorten the measurement time and help assessing the radiological hazard by radon from building materials. The establishment of this method provide a helpful supplement for the prevention and control system of radiological hazard by building materials.
引文
[1]de JONG P,van Dijk W,van der GRAAF ER,et al.National survey on the natural radio activityand222Rn exhalation rate of building materials in the Netherlands[J].Health Physics,2006,91(3):200-210.
[2]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB 6566-2010建筑材料放射性核素限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[3]尚兵.我国室内氡的水平、来源及变化趋势[C].香山科学会议第304次会议讨论会:氡及其子体健康危害与控制.2007:16.
[4]刘福东,潘自强,刘森林,等.关于在建材放射性含量标准中增加氡析出率控制指标的建议[J].辐射防护,2010,30(2):108-112.
[5]Hassan NM,Ishikawa T,Hosoda M,et al.The effect of water content on the radon emanation coefficient for some building materials used in Japan[J].Radiation Measurements,2011.46(2):232-237.
[6]Ferry C,Richon P,Beneito A,et al.An experimental method for measuring the radon-222 emanation factor in rocks[J].Radiation Measurements,2002.35(6):579-583.
[7]Lee KY,Cho SY,Yoon YY,et al.Determination of the radon emanation fraction from phosphogypsum using LSC[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2012.291(1):197-200.
[8]Sakoda A,Ishimori Y,Yamaoka K.A comprehensive review of radon emanation measurements for mineral,rock,soil,mill tailing and fly ash[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2011.69(10):1422-1435.
[9]张哲.氡的析出与排氡通风[M].北京原子能出版社,1982.
[10]López-Coto I,Mas J,Bolivar J,et al.A short-time method to measure the radon potential of porous materials.Applied Radiation and Isotopes[J].2009.67(1):133-138.
[11]Hassan N M,Ishikawa T,Hosoda M,et al.The effect of water content on the radon emanation coefficient for some building materials used in Japan[J].Radiation Measurements,2011.46(2):232-237.
[12]吴建华.块型建筑材料表面氡析出率限值研究[Z].2012:南华大学.
[13]Butterweck-Dempewolf G,Schuler C.An extended radon chamber model[J].Environment International,1996.22:891-898.
[14]Stranden E.Assessment of the radiological impact of using fly ash in cement[J].Health physics,1983.44(2):145-153.
[15]The Standards Institution of Israel.ISRAEL STANDARD 51 5098,Content of Natural Radioactive Elements in Building Products[S].Tel Aviv:Reshumot,2010.
[2]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB 6566-2010建筑材料放射性核素限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[3]尚兵.我国室内氡的水平、来源及变化趋势[C].香山科学会议第304次会议讨论会:氡及其子体健康危害与控制.2007:16.
[4]刘福东,潘自强,刘森林,等.关于在建材放射性含量标准中增加氡析出率控制指标的建议[J].辐射防护,2010,30(2):108-112.
[5]Hassan NM,Ishikawa T,Hosoda M,et al.The effect of water content on the radon emanation coefficient for some building materials used in Japan[J].Radiation Measurements,2011.46(2):232-237.
[6]Ferry C,Richon P,Beneito A,et al.An experimental method for measuring the radon-222 emanation factor in rocks[J].Radiation Measurements,2002.35(6):579-583.
[7]Lee KY,Cho SY,Yoon YY,et al.Determination of the radon emanation fraction from phosphogypsum using LSC[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2012.291(1):197-200.
[8]Sakoda A,Ishimori Y,Yamaoka K.A comprehensive review of radon emanation measurements for mineral,rock,soil,mill tailing and fly ash[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2011.69(10):1422-1435.
[9]张哲.氡的析出与排氡通风[M].北京原子能出版社,1982.
[10]López-Coto I,Mas J,Bolivar J,et al.A short-time method to measure the radon potential of porous materials.Applied Radiation and Isotopes[J].2009.67(1):133-138.
[11]Hassan N M,Ishikawa T,Hosoda M,et al.The effect of water content on the radon emanation coefficient for some building materials used in Japan[J].Radiation Measurements,2011.46(2):232-237.
[12]吴建华.块型建筑材料表面氡析出率限值研究[Z].2012:南华大学.
[13]Butterweck-Dempewolf G,Schuler C.An extended radon chamber model[J].Environment International,1996.22:891-898.
[14]Stranden E.Assessment of the radiological impact of using fly ash in cement[J].Health physics,1983.44(2):145-153.
[15]The Standards Institution of Israel.ISRAEL STANDARD 51 5098,Content of Natural Radioactive Elements in Building Products[S].Tel Aviv:Reshumot,2010.