原煤、粉煤灰及锅炉渣~(222)Rn射气系数测量与研究
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摘要
介绍了原煤及其燃烧后的固体废弃物——粉煤灰和锅炉渣222Rn射气系数的测量方法,以及运用该方法测量了不同燃煤电厂原煤及其固体废弃物的射气系数。测量结果显示:煤样的射气系数大小受到粒径和含水率的影响,但与煤中226Ra的活度浓度无明显相关性;经过高温燃烧后形成的粉煤灰及锅炉渣,受到结构形态改变的影响,在相同含水率和粒径条件下原煤的射气系数是粉煤灰的7~10倍;该研究数据可为我国燃煤电厂222Rn排放量估算,以及非核工业与内陆核电厂对周围环境的影响比较提供基础数据和参考。
This paper introduced the method used to measure222 Rn emanation coefficients of coals and its solid waste: fly ashes and slag. The results show that the emanation coefficients of coal samples have nothing to do with its specific activity of226 Ra,but are under the influences of humidity and particle size. Structure and morphology changes create an influence on the emanation coefficients of fly ashes and slag,as they are formed after high temperature combustion. The results also show that the emanation coefficient of coals is 7 ~ 10 times of that of fly ashes with the same humidity and particle size. The research provides basic data and reference for222 Rn emissions estimation in coal- fired plants,and the comparison of environment impacts between non- nuclear industrial and inland nuclear power plants.
This paper introduced the method used to measure222 Rn emanation coefficients of coals and its solid waste: fly ashes and slag. The results show that the emanation coefficients of coal samples have nothing to do with its specific activity of226 Ra,but are under the influences of humidity and particle size. Structure and morphology changes create an influence on the emanation coefficients of fly ashes and slag,as they are formed after high temperature combustion. The results also show that the emanation coefficient of coals is 7 ~ 10 times of that of fly ashes with the same humidity and particle size. The research provides basic data and reference for222 Rn emissions estimation in coal- fired plants,and the comparison of environment impacts between non- nuclear industrial and inland nuclear power plants.
引文
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[3]国家环境保护局.HJT 20-1998工业固体废物采样制样技术规范[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1998.
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[5]肖拥军,肖德涛,陈凌.煤样射气系数的测定及其影响因素的探讨[J].核电子学与探测技术,2010,30(02):229-231.
[6]吴桂惠,丘寿康.粉末矿样射气系数与湿度的关系[J].辐射防护,1984,04:298-304.
[7]王希梅.火电厂干贮灰场灰水淋溶特性的试验研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2007.
[8]高小涛.燃煤锅炉结渣原因分析及预防对策[J].电力安全技术,2009,11:12-15.
[2]崔民选.中国能源发展报告2009[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2009:36-41.
[3]国家环境保护局.HJT 20-1998工业固体废物采样制样技术规范[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1998.
[4]国家标准局.GB 2007.2-87散装矿产品取样、制样通则:手工制样方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1989.
[5]肖拥军,肖德涛,陈凌.煤样射气系数的测定及其影响因素的探讨[J].核电子学与探测技术,2010,30(02):229-231.
[6]吴桂惠,丘寿康.粉末矿样射气系数与湿度的关系[J].辐射防护,1984,04:298-304.
[7]王希梅.火电厂干贮灰场灰水淋溶特性的试验研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2007.
[8]高小涛.燃煤锅炉结渣原因分析及预防对策[J].电力安全技术,2009,11:12-15.