波流环境下多孔射流运动和稀释特性试验
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摘要
采用PIV和PLIF技术对波流环境下多孔垂向射流近区的速度场和浓度场进行测量,对比分析不同波浪条件下射流运动轨迹、速度场、浓度场及涡量场特性,重点探讨波流和纯流环境下射流运动特性的差异以及波浪作用对多孔射流发展的影响。结果表明:波流流场中射流时均轨迹发生扭曲,产生"污染物云团"现象,与纯流环境下射流差异明显;波浪对波流环境下的多孔射流运动影响显著,具体表现在波浪强度的增大能够增加射流与环境水体的接触面积、加快射流垂向动量衰减、增强前方射流对后方射流的遮掩作用、降低多孔射流汇合点高度等方面。当前组次下,波浪的存在使得各断面污染物浓度峰值减小,因此对波流环境下多孔射流的稀释有积极的作用。
The near-field velocity and concentration fields of vertical multiple jets in wavy cross-flow were measured by using the PIV and PLIF techniques. The characteristics of multiple jets,including the trajectory,velocity field,concentration field and vorticity field,were analyzed,focusing on the differences between the jet in wavy cross-flow and that in cross-flow as well as the wave effect on the development of multiple jets. The results show that the time averaged trajectories of jets in wavy cross-flow are distorted with "effluent cloud"existing on the jet body. Further,wave has a significant influence on the movement of multiple jets in wavy cross-flow,including increasing the interaction area between jets and surrounding waters,accelerating the decay of the vertical momentum of jets,enhancing the shielding effect of leading jet on the rear jets,and reducing the height of the confluent point of the jets,etc. In present cases,waves lead to the decreasing of the peak concentration of contaminant at all sections,and thus have a positive effect on the dilution of multiple jets in wavy cross-flow.
The near-field velocity and concentration fields of vertical multiple jets in wavy cross-flow were measured by using the PIV and PLIF techniques. The characteristics of multiple jets,including the trajectory,velocity field,concentration field and vorticity field,were analyzed,focusing on the differences between the jet in wavy cross-flow and that in cross-flow as well as the wave effect on the development of multiple jets. The results show that the time averaged trajectories of jets in wavy cross-flow are distorted with "effluent cloud"existing on the jet body. Further,wave has a significant influence on the movement of multiple jets in wavy cross-flow,including increasing the interaction area between jets and surrounding waters,accelerating the decay of the vertical momentum of jets,enhancing the shielding effect of leading jet on the rear jets,and reducing the height of the confluent point of the jets,etc. In present cases,waves lead to the decreasing of the peak concentration of contaminant at all sections,and thus have a positive effect on the dilution of multiple jets in wavy cross-flow.
引文
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[12]徐振山.波流环境中垂向圆管射流三维数值模拟研究[D].南京:河海大学,2016.
[13]徐振山,陈永平,张长宽.波流环境中垂向圆管射流三维运动和稀释过程模拟[J].水科学进展,2017,28(2):265-275.(XU Zhenshan,CHEN Yongping,ZHANG Changkuan. Study on three-dimensional movement and dilution of a vertical round jet under the wave-current effect[J]. Advances in Water Science,2017,28(2):265-275.(in Chinese))
[14]孙鹤泉,康海贵,李广伟. PIV的原理与应用[J].水道港口,2002,23(1):42-45.(SUN Hequan,KANG Haigui,LI Guangwei. Theory and application of PIV[J]. Journal of Waterway and Harbour,2002,23(1):42-45.(in Chinese))
[15]黄真理,李玉梁,余常昭.平面激光诱导荧光技术测量横流中射流浓度场的研究[J].水利学报,1994,11(1):1-7.(HUANG Zhenli,LI Yuliang,YU Changzhao. Study on the concentration field of jet in crossflow by PLIF technique[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1994,11(1):1-7.(in Chinese))
[16]CHANG K A,RYU Y,MORI N. Parameterization of neutrally buoyant horizontal round jet in wave environment[J]. Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal,and Ocean Engineering,2009,135(3):100-107.
[17]WANG Yana,CHEN Yongping,XU Zhenshan,et al. Initial dilution of a vertical round non-buoyant jet in wavy cross-flow environment[J]. China Ocean Engineering,2015,29(6):847-858.
[18]CHIN D A,ASCE A M. Influence of surface wave on outfall dilution[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1987,113(8):1006-1018.
[19]CHYAN J M,HWUNG H H. On the interaction of a turbulent jet with waves[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Research,1993,31(6):791-810.
[20]张春财,杜宇,赵润达.浅俯淹没射流水力特性[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(1):78-82.(ZHANG Chuncai,DU Yu,ZHAO Runda. Research on the hydrodynamic characteristics of shallow submerged jet with depression angle[J]. Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2018,46(1):78-82.(in Chinese))
[2]槐文信,杨晓亭.横流中多孔射流浓度场的特性[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,1997,30(5):16-20.(HUAI Wenxin,YANG Xiaoting. Behavior of the concentration field for multiple jets in cross flow[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electric Engineering,1997,30(5):16-20.(in Chinese))
[3]MOAWAD A K,RAJARATNAM N. Dilution of multiple nonbuoyant circular jets in crossflows[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering,1998,124(1):51-58.
[4]AJERSCH P,ZHOU J M,KETLER S,et al. Multiple jets in a crossflow:detailed measurements and numerical simulations[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1997,119(2):608-615.
[5] KOLRˇV,SAVORY E. Dominant flow features of twin jets and plumes in crossflow[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2007,95:1199-1215.
[6]YU D,ALI M S,LEE J H W. Multiple tandem jets in cross-flow[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,132(9):971-982.
[7] MAKIHATA T,MIYAI Y. Experiments on the characteristics of multiple jets in a crossflow[J]. Engineering and Natural Sciences,1978,26(2):15-36.
[8]GUTMARK E J,IBRAHIM I M. Dynamics of single and twin circular jets in cross flow[J]. Experiments in Fluids,2011,50:653-663.
[9]李少华,袁斌,刘利献,等.多孔横向紊动射流涡量场的数值分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(23):100-104.(LI Shaohua,YUAN Bin,LIU Lixian,et al. Numerical investigation on the vortices of multiple turbulent jet in crossflow[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(23):100-104.(in Chinese))
[10]陈永平,田万青,方家裕,等.波浪环境下多孔射流水动力特性试验[J].水科学进展,2016,27(4):569-578.(CHEN Yongping,TIAN Wanqing,FANG Jiayu,et al. Experimental study on hydrodynamic characteristics of multiple jets in wave environment[J]. Advances in Water Science,2016,27(4):569-578.(in Chinese))
[11]王娅娜.波流环境下垂向射流水动力及稀释特性试验研究[D].南京:河海大学,2015.
[12]徐振山.波流环境中垂向圆管射流三维数值模拟研究[D].南京:河海大学,2016.
[13]徐振山,陈永平,张长宽.波流环境中垂向圆管射流三维运动和稀释过程模拟[J].水科学进展,2017,28(2):265-275.(XU Zhenshan,CHEN Yongping,ZHANG Changkuan. Study on three-dimensional movement and dilution of a vertical round jet under the wave-current effect[J]. Advances in Water Science,2017,28(2):265-275.(in Chinese))
[14]孙鹤泉,康海贵,李广伟. PIV的原理与应用[J].水道港口,2002,23(1):42-45.(SUN Hequan,KANG Haigui,LI Guangwei. Theory and application of PIV[J]. Journal of Waterway and Harbour,2002,23(1):42-45.(in Chinese))
[15]黄真理,李玉梁,余常昭.平面激光诱导荧光技术测量横流中射流浓度场的研究[J].水利学报,1994,11(1):1-7.(HUANG Zhenli,LI Yuliang,YU Changzhao. Study on the concentration field of jet in crossflow by PLIF technique[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1994,11(1):1-7.(in Chinese))
[16]CHANG K A,RYU Y,MORI N. Parameterization of neutrally buoyant horizontal round jet in wave environment[J]. Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal,and Ocean Engineering,2009,135(3):100-107.
[17]WANG Yana,CHEN Yongping,XU Zhenshan,et al. Initial dilution of a vertical round non-buoyant jet in wavy cross-flow environment[J]. China Ocean Engineering,2015,29(6):847-858.
[18]CHIN D A,ASCE A M. Influence of surface wave on outfall dilution[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1987,113(8):1006-1018.
[19]CHYAN J M,HWUNG H H. On the interaction of a turbulent jet with waves[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Research,1993,31(6):791-810.
[20]张春财,杜宇,赵润达.浅俯淹没射流水力特性[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(1):78-82.(ZHANG Chuncai,DU Yu,ZHAO Runda. Research on the hydrodynamic characteristics of shallow submerged jet with depression angle[J]. Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2018,46(1):78-82.(in Chinese))