基于特征波属性参数的立体层析速度反演方法研究
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摘要
研究了利用法向入射点波(NIP波)的运动学属性,实现立体层析速度反演的方法。对这些运动学参数做层析反演,以得到用于深度域偏移成像的横向非均质平滑速度模型。多次迭代过程中,沿法向射线进行动力学射线追踪获得正演参数,且拾取的参数和正演参数误差达到最小,进而得到最佳速度模型。在正演模拟过程中,利用射线扰动理论计算出Frechet导数,使得目标函数梯度最小化。该方法拾取方便、易于实现,尤其适用于低信噪比的地区。将该方法应用于二维模型数据,收到了预期的效果。
In this paper investigation is conducted to implement stereo-tomography using kinematic attributes of eigenwave which is so called normal incidence point(NIP)wave.These kinematic parameters are utilized in tomography to achieve smooth and lateral homogenous velocity model which can be applied to migration in depth domain.Multiple iteration are carried out to minimize the picked parameters and simulated ones through which optimal velocity model can be derived.During iteration,simulated parameters are obtained from dynamic ray tracing.Subsequently Frechet derivatives of tomography matrix are calculated via ray perturbation theory to minimize the objective function.This method is facilitated to operate with the advantage of convenient picking particularly applicable to low S/N ratio area.In this paper 2Dmodel test shows expected and promising results using this approach.
In this paper investigation is conducted to implement stereo-tomography using kinematic attributes of eigenwave which is so called normal incidence point(NIP)wave.These kinematic parameters are utilized in tomography to achieve smooth and lateral homogenous velocity model which can be applied to migration in depth domain.Multiple iteration are carried out to minimize the picked parameters and simulated ones through which optimal velocity model can be derived.During iteration,simulated parameters are obtained from dynamic ray tracing.Subsequently Frechet derivatives of tomography matrix are calculated via ray perturbation theory to minimize the objective function.This method is facilitated to operate with the advantage of convenient picking particularly applicable to low S/N ratio area.In this paper 2Dmodel test shows expected and promising results using this approach.
引文
[1]DIX,C.H..Seismic velocities from surface measurements[J].Geophysics,1955(20):68-86.
[2]SPRINGER-VERLAG.DEREGOWSKI,S.M..Common-offset migrations and velocity analysis[J].First Break,1990,8(6):224-234.
[3]LIU,Z..An analytical approach to migration velocity analysis[J].Geophysics,1997(62):1238-1249.
[4]JEAN-PIERRE FAYE,JEAN-PAUL JEANNOT.Prestack migration velocities from focusing depth analysis[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1986:438-440.
[5]MACKAY,S.,Abma,R..Imaging and velocity estimation with depth-focusing analysis[J].Geophysics,1992(57):1608-1622.
[6]BISHOP,T.,BUBE,K.,CUTLER,R.,et al.Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media[J].Geophysics,1985(50):903-923.
[7]FARRA,V.,Madariaga,R..Seismic waveform modeling in heterogeneous media by ray perturbation theory[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1987,92(B3):2697-2712.
[8]STORK,C..Reflection tomography in the postmigrated domain[J].Geophysics,1992(57):680-692.
[9]BILOTI,R.,SANTOS,L.T.,TYGEL,M..Multiparametric traveltime inversion[J].Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica,2002(46):177-192.
[10]BILLETTE,F.,LAMBAR′e,G..Velocity macromodel estimation from seismic reflection data by stereotomography[J].Geophysical Journal of International,1998(135):671-690.
[11]BILLETTE,F.,Le B′egat,S.,PODVIN,P.,et al.Practical aspects of 2Dstereotomography[J].Geophysics,2003(68):1008-1021.
[12]LI Z C,SUN X D,ZHAO J Z,et al.Common reflection surface stack based on complex top surface topography[C].BGP Technical Seminar,2004.
[13]SUN X D,LI Z C,TENG H H.Common reflection surface stack using dip decomposition for rugged surface topography[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4(1):45-50.
[14]李振春,孙小东,刘洪.复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1794-1801.LI Z C,SUN X D,LIU H.Common reflection surface stack for rugged surface topography[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(6):1794-1801.(In Chinese)
[15]孙小东,李振春,丁仁伟.基于最优化方法的共反射面元叠加[J].中国石油大学学报,2008,32(5):46-49.SUN X D,LI Z C,DING R W.Common reflection surface stack based on optimization method[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2008,32(5):46-49.(In Chinese)
[16]王华忠,杨锴,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用理论—从共反射点到共反射面元[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):137-142.WANG H Z,YANG K,MA Z T.An applied theory on common reflection surface stack-From common reflection point to common reflection surface[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics.2004,47(1):137-142.(In Chinese)
[17]杨锴,王华忠,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用实践[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):327-331YANG K,WANG H Z,MA Z T.The practice on common reflection surface stack[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(2):327-331.(In Chinese)
[18]谭未一,杨长春,李瑞忠,等.共反射面元叠加的实现途径及流程[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):325-330.TAN W Y,YANG C C,LI R Z,et al.Common reflection surface stack algorithm and processing flow[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,19(2):325-330.(In Chinese)
[19]孙小东,李振春,滕厚华,等.共反射面元技术及其在偏移成像中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(5):465-469.SU X D,LI Z C,TENG H H,et al.Common reflection surface stacking and its application in migration imaging[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,47(5):465-469.(In Chinese)
[20]SUN X D,LI Z C.Application of common reflection surface technology from stack to Prestack time migration[C].73rdEAGE Conference,2011.
[21]J¨AGER,R.,MANN,J.,HOCHT,G.,et al.Common reflection-surface stack:Image and attributes[J].Geophysics,2001,66,97-109.
[22]MANN,J.,JAGER,R.,MULLER,et al.Common-reflection surface stack—A real data example[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42:3,4,283-300.
[23]BERKOVITCH,A.,GELCHINSKY,B..Inversion of common reflecting element(CRE)data(migration combined with interval velocity determination)[c].59th Annual International Meeting,Society of Exploration Geophysicists,Expanded Abstracts,1989.
[24]DUVENECK,E.,HUBRAL,P.Tomographic velocity model inversion using kinematic wavefield attributes[C].72nd Annual International Meeting,Society of Exploration Geophysicists,Expanded Abstracts,2002.
[25]MACKAY,S.,ABMA,R..Imaging and velocity estimation with depth-focusing analysis[J].Geophysics,1992,57:1608-1622.
[26]GELCHINSKY,B.,BERKOVITCH,A.,KEYDAR,S.Multifocusing homeomorphic imaging,part 1—Basic concepts and formulae[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3):4,229-242.
[27]李芳.共反射面道集速度分析[M].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2009.LI F.Velocity model estimation based on common reflection surface gather[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(East China),2009.(In Chinese)
[28]HOCHT,G.,DE BAZELAIRE,E.,MAJER,P.,et al.Hyperbolae and curvatures[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3):4,261-281.
[29]SHAH,P.M..Use of wavefront curvature to relate seismic data with subsurface parameters[J].Geophysics,1973(38):812-825.
[30]ERIC DUVENECK.Velocity model estimation with data-derived wavefront attributes[J].Geophysics,2004,69(1):265-274.
[31]孙小东,李振春.特征波立体层析速度反演方法及应用研究[C].中国地球物理学会第二十九届年会.2013.SUN X D,LI Z C.Eigen-uave stereo-tomography velocity inversion and its application[C].29th Chinese Geophysical Society Seminar.2013.(In Chinese)
[2]SPRINGER-VERLAG.DEREGOWSKI,S.M..Common-offset migrations and velocity analysis[J].First Break,1990,8(6):224-234.
[3]LIU,Z..An analytical approach to migration velocity analysis[J].Geophysics,1997(62):1238-1249.
[4]JEAN-PIERRE FAYE,JEAN-PAUL JEANNOT.Prestack migration velocities from focusing depth analysis[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1986:438-440.
[5]MACKAY,S.,Abma,R..Imaging and velocity estimation with depth-focusing analysis[J].Geophysics,1992(57):1608-1622.
[6]BISHOP,T.,BUBE,K.,CUTLER,R.,et al.Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media[J].Geophysics,1985(50):903-923.
[7]FARRA,V.,Madariaga,R..Seismic waveform modeling in heterogeneous media by ray perturbation theory[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1987,92(B3):2697-2712.
[8]STORK,C..Reflection tomography in the postmigrated domain[J].Geophysics,1992(57):680-692.
[9]BILOTI,R.,SANTOS,L.T.,TYGEL,M..Multiparametric traveltime inversion[J].Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica,2002(46):177-192.
[10]BILLETTE,F.,LAMBAR′e,G..Velocity macromodel estimation from seismic reflection data by stereotomography[J].Geophysical Journal of International,1998(135):671-690.
[11]BILLETTE,F.,Le B′egat,S.,PODVIN,P.,et al.Practical aspects of 2Dstereotomography[J].Geophysics,2003(68):1008-1021.
[12]LI Z C,SUN X D,ZHAO J Z,et al.Common reflection surface stack based on complex top surface topography[C].BGP Technical Seminar,2004.
[13]SUN X D,LI Z C,TENG H H.Common reflection surface stack using dip decomposition for rugged surface topography[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4(1):45-50.
[14]李振春,孙小东,刘洪.复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1794-1801.LI Z C,SUN X D,LIU H.Common reflection surface stack for rugged surface topography[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(6):1794-1801.(In Chinese)
[15]孙小东,李振春,丁仁伟.基于最优化方法的共反射面元叠加[J].中国石油大学学报,2008,32(5):46-49.SUN X D,LI Z C,DING R W.Common reflection surface stack based on optimization method[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2008,32(5):46-49.(In Chinese)
[16]王华忠,杨锴,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用理论—从共反射点到共反射面元[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):137-142.WANG H Z,YANG K,MA Z T.An applied theory on common reflection surface stack-From common reflection point to common reflection surface[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics.2004,47(1):137-142.(In Chinese)
[17]杨锴,王华忠,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用实践[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):327-331YANG K,WANG H Z,MA Z T.The practice on common reflection surface stack[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(2):327-331.(In Chinese)
[18]谭未一,杨长春,李瑞忠,等.共反射面元叠加的实现途径及流程[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):325-330.TAN W Y,YANG C C,LI R Z,et al.Common reflection surface stack algorithm and processing flow[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,19(2):325-330.(In Chinese)
[19]孙小东,李振春,滕厚华,等.共反射面元技术及其在偏移成像中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(5):465-469.SU X D,LI Z C,TENG H H,et al.Common reflection surface stacking and its application in migration imaging[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,47(5):465-469.(In Chinese)
[20]SUN X D,LI Z C.Application of common reflection surface technology from stack to Prestack time migration[C].73rdEAGE Conference,2011.
[21]J¨AGER,R.,MANN,J.,HOCHT,G.,et al.Common reflection-surface stack:Image and attributes[J].Geophysics,2001,66,97-109.
[22]MANN,J.,JAGER,R.,MULLER,et al.Common-reflection surface stack—A real data example[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42:3,4,283-300.
[23]BERKOVITCH,A.,GELCHINSKY,B..Inversion of common reflecting element(CRE)data(migration combined with interval velocity determination)[c].59th Annual International Meeting,Society of Exploration Geophysicists,Expanded Abstracts,1989.
[24]DUVENECK,E.,HUBRAL,P.Tomographic velocity model inversion using kinematic wavefield attributes[C].72nd Annual International Meeting,Society of Exploration Geophysicists,Expanded Abstracts,2002.
[25]MACKAY,S.,ABMA,R..Imaging and velocity estimation with depth-focusing analysis[J].Geophysics,1992,57:1608-1622.
[26]GELCHINSKY,B.,BERKOVITCH,A.,KEYDAR,S.Multifocusing homeomorphic imaging,part 1—Basic concepts and formulae[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3):4,229-242.
[27]李芳.共反射面道集速度分析[M].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2009.LI F.Velocity model estimation based on common reflection surface gather[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(East China),2009.(In Chinese)
[28]HOCHT,G.,DE BAZELAIRE,E.,MAJER,P.,et al.Hyperbolae and curvatures[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3):4,261-281.
[29]SHAH,P.M..Use of wavefront curvature to relate seismic data with subsurface parameters[J].Geophysics,1973(38):812-825.
[30]ERIC DUVENECK.Velocity model estimation with data-derived wavefront attributes[J].Geophysics,2004,69(1):265-274.
[31]孙小东,李振春.特征波立体层析速度反演方法及应用研究[C].中国地球物理学会第二十九届年会.2013.SUN X D,LI Z C.Eigen-uave stereo-tomography velocity inversion and its application[C].29th Chinese Geophysical Society Seminar.2013.(In Chinese)