无线通信中的轨道角动量天线综述
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摘要
随着无线通信技术的飞速发展,射频频谱资源已日趋香农极限。轨道角动量(Orbital Angular Momentum,OAM)理论上能提供无限多个正交信道,有效提高频谱利用率。介绍了OAM的基本原理;综述了目前典型的OAM天线种类及其具体实现形式,着重分析其在增益、方向图、接收和解复用等方面的优缺点;最后梳理了目前各种天线存在的共性问题,展望了下一步OAM在无线通信领域可能的应用方向。
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, spectrum resource in radio frequency is reaching Shannon Limit. Orbital angular momentum( OAM) can theoretically provide infinite orthogonal channels and use spectrum resources effectively. Basic theory of OAM is briefly introduced at the beginning of this paper, then typical forms and specific realization of OAM antennae are concluded, in which their merits and drawbacks in gain, radiation pattern, receiving and demultiplexing are focused on. Finally, common problems of present OAM antennae are summarized, and prospect of their appliance in wireless com-munication in near future is made.
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, spectrum resource in radio frequency is reaching Shannon Limit. Orbital angular momentum( OAM) can theoretically provide infinite orthogonal channels and use spectrum resources effectively. Basic theory of OAM is briefly introduced at the beginning of this paper, then typical forms and specific realization of OAM antennae are concluded, in which their merits and drawbacks in gain, radiation pattern, receiving and demultiplexing are focused on. Finally, common problems of present OAM antennae are summarized, and prospect of their appliance in wireless com-munication in near future is made.
引文
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[23]陈弋凌,郑史烈,池灏,等.基于半模基片集成波导的轨道角动量模式复用天线[C].2015年全国微波毫米波会议,2015.
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[25]YU S,LI L,SHI G.Dual-polarization and dual-mode orbital angular momentum radio vortex beam generated by using reflective metasurface[J].Applied Physics Express,2016.
[2]WANG J,YANG J Y,FAZAL I M,et al.Terabit freespace data transmission employing orbital angular momentum multiplexing[J].Nature Photonics,2012,6(7):488-496.
[3]王亦楠.关于轨道角动量天线的研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2015.
[4]SCHEMMEL P,PISANO G,MAFFEI B.Modular spiral phase plate design for orbital angular momentum generation at millimetre wavelengths[J].Opt Express,2014,22(12):14712-14726.
[5]YAN Y,XIE G,HUANG H,et al.Demonstration of 8-mode 32-Gbit/s millimeter-wave free-space communication link using 4 orbital-angular-momentum modes on 2 polarizations[C]//ICC 2014-2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications,2014.
[6]MOHAMMADI S M,DALDORFF L K S,BERGMAN J E S,et al.Orbital angular momentum in Radio—A system study[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2010,58(2):565-572.
[7]ZHENG S,HUI X,ZHU J,et al.Orbital angular momentum mode-demultiplexing scheme with partial angular receiving aperture[J].Optics Express,2015,23(9):12251-12257.
[8]WEI L W,MAHDJOUBI K,BROUSSEAU C,et al.Enhancement of Directivity of an OAM Antenna by Using Fabry-Perot Cavity[C].European Conference on Anternas&Propagation.2016.
[9]DENG C,CHEN W,ZHANG Z,et al.Generation of OAM Radio Waves Using Circular Vivaldi Antenna Array[J].International Journal of Antennas and Propagation,2013(z):607-610.
[10]ZHANG Y,FENG W,GE N,et al.On the restriction of utilizing orbital angular momentum in radio communications[C]//2013 8th International Conference on Communications and Networking in China(CHINACOM),2013.
[11]WEI W,MAHDJOUBI K,BROUSSEAU C,et al.Generation of OAM waves with circular phase shifter and array of patch antennas[J].Electronics Letters,2015,51(6):442-443.
[12]BAI Q,TENNANT A,ALLEN B.Experimental circular phased array for generating OAM radio beams[J].Electronics Letters,2014,50(20):1414-1415.
[13]文瑞虎,王海彬,李元光,等.基于基片集成波导的巴特勒矩阵馈电网络[J].探测与控制学报,2011(5):29-33.
[14]张光义.相控阵雷达瞬时带宽的几个问题[J].现代雷达,1990(4):1-10.
[15]严济鸿,何子述,曹俊友,等.光控相控阵天线中的光实时延时技术[J].光通信技术,2007(7):35-38.
[16]SVARE J A,SCHMIDT H,HANSEN B B,et al.Generating,multiplexing/demultiplexing and receiving the orbital angular momentum of radio frequency signals using an optical true time delay unit[J].Journal of Optics,2013,15(10):3210-3216.
[17]TENNANT A,ALLEN B.Generation of OAM radio waves using circular time-switched array antenna[J].Electronics Letters,2012,48(21):1365-1366.
[18]TONG Y,TENNANT A.A Two-Channel Time Modu lated Linear Array With Adaptive Beamforming[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2012,60(1):141-147.
[19]LEI X Y,CHENG Y J.Ka-Band orbital angular momentum folded reflectarray antenna[C].Asia-pacific Microwave Conference,2015,3:1-3.
[20]陈加佳,杨晶晶,黄铭.基于椭圆微带贴片的无线OAM传输系统[J].中国科技论文在线,2015.
[21]PAN Y,ZHENG S,ZHENG J,et al.Generation of orbital angular momentum radio waves based on dielectric resonator antenna[J].IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2016,16:385-388.
[22]CHEN Y,ZHENG S,CHI H,et al.Half-mode substrate integrated waveguide antenna for generating multiple orbital angular momentum modes[J].Electronics Letters,2016,52(9):684-686.
[23]陈弋凌,郑史烈,池灏,等.基于半模基片集成波导的轨道角动量模式复用天线[C].2015年全国微波毫米波会议,2015.
[24]HUI X,ZHENG S,CHEN Y,et al.Multiplexed millimeter wave communication with dual orbital angular momentum(oam)mode antennas[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:10148.
[25]YU S,LI L,SHI G.Dual-polarization and dual-mode orbital angular momentum radio vortex beam generated by using reflective metasurface[J].Applied Physics Express,2016.