导尿管相关尿路感染的病原菌分布及危险因素分析
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摘要
目的探讨住院患者导尿管相关尿路感染感染病原菌分布及危险因素,为临床感染防控及治疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2016-2017年,医院收治的留置导尿管患者315例尿路感染的病原菌分布情况,及其危险因素。结果 315例留置导尿管患者中发生感染92例,感染率为29. 21%。病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占60. 9%。年龄、住院天数、留置尿管、抗菌药物使用种类、基础疾病、意识状况是发生尿路感染的独立危险因素(P <0. 05)。结论临床应尽量减少非必要的插管操作,缩短留置尿管及住院时间,严格熟练执行插管操作从而避免机械性损伤,加强尿道口及导管的消毒护理,合理使用抗菌药物,降低导尿管相关尿路感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the distribution and risk factors of pathogens in inpatients with catheter-related urinary tract infection,and to provides reference for clinical infection prevention and treatment. Methods The distribution and risk factors of pathogens in 315 urethral catheter-indwelling patients with urinary tract infection in hospital from 2016 to2017 were analyzed. Results Infection occurred in 92 cases of 315 patients with indwelling catheters,and the infection rate was 29. 21%. G-bacillus was the main pathogen,accounting for 60. 9%. The analysis showed that age,length of hospital stay,indwelling catheter,type of antibiotic use,basic diseases and consciousness were independent risk factors for urinary tract infection( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Clinically,unnecessary intubation should be minimized,indwelling catheter and hospital stay should be shortened,intubation operation should be strictly performed to avoid mechanical damage,and disinfection and care of urethral orificeand catheter should be strengthened. Rational use of antimicrobial drugs could reduce the incidence of urethral catheter-related urinary tract infections.
Objective To investigate the distribution and risk factors of pathogens in inpatients with catheter-related urinary tract infection,and to provides reference for clinical infection prevention and treatment. Methods The distribution and risk factors of pathogens in 315 urethral catheter-indwelling patients with urinary tract infection in hospital from 2016 to2017 were analyzed. Results Infection occurred in 92 cases of 315 patients with indwelling catheters,and the infection rate was 29. 21%. G-bacillus was the main pathogen,accounting for 60. 9%. The analysis showed that age,length of hospital stay,indwelling catheter,type of antibiotic use,basic diseases and consciousness were independent risk factors for urinary tract infection( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Clinically,unnecessary intubation should be minimized,indwelling catheter and hospital stay should be shortened,intubation operation should be strictly performed to avoid mechanical damage,and disinfection and care of urethral orificeand catheter should be strengthened. Rational use of antimicrobial drugs could reduce the incidence of urethral catheter-related urinary tract infections.
引文
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[2]谢淑平,吴换好.留置导尿患者发生尿路感染的危险因素分析[J].临床医学工程,2016,23(9):1274-1275.
[3]陈如碧,袁有仪.留置尿管相关尿路感染危险因素分析及护理干预[J].临床医学工程,2017,24(9):1301-1302.
[4]谢朝云,熊芸,孙静,等.导尿管相关尿路多重耐药菌感染影响因素分析[J].中国消毒学杂志,2017,24(7):646-649.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.医院感染诊断标准(试行)[S].2001.
[6]尚红,王毓三,申子瑜.全国临床检验操作规程[M].第4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014.
[7]王辉,任健康,王明贵.临床微生物学检验[M].第1版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2015.
[8]赵兴兰,李瑞,尹娜,等.泌尿外科患儿留置导尿管相关尿路感染的危险因素及护理策略[J].实用临床医药杂志,2017,21(20):112-115.
[9]杨运彩,周君琳,昌建明.导尿管相关尿路感染的病原菌特点与耐药性分析[J].中国消毒学杂志,2017,34(10):986-988.
[10]陈晓华,李武平,刘冰,等.导管相关性尿路感染危险因素分析及干预效果研究[J].全科护理,2016,14(16):1628-1631.
[11]郑奋薇,蔡桂程,梁美莲,等.重症患者导管相关性尿路感染危险因素分析[J].解放军医学院学报,2018,39(6):494-497.