新型油菜化学杂交剂SX-1施用技术方法比较研究
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摘要
为探索油菜化学杂交剂新型精准高效施药技术方法,采用涂茎、注茎、灌根、饱和喷雾和标准喷雾5种施药技术方法,以甘蓝型油菜自交系K407为材料,研究了油菜化学杂交剂SX-1不同施用技术方法对油菜的化杀效果及对农艺、产量性状的影响。结果表明:在油菜花粉发育单核期,薹高20 cm左右,最大花蕾长度约2 mm时,每株注茎22μL浓度为110 mg/L的化杀剂和饱和喷雾(单株喷药量12 mL)浓度为1.2 mg/L化杀剂,2种方法对油菜雄性不育诱导效果最好,均可诱导油菜雄性不育株率100%,全不育株率高达99%以上,药害株率为0,自交结实率为0,异交结实正常;2种施药方法对株高、主花序长、角果数、角粒数等农艺和产量性状影响不显著。
In order to explore the new precise and high-efficiency application method of rapeseed chemical hybridization agent, We used the rapeseed inbred line K407 as the material to study the effect of different chemical application methods of chemical hybridization agent SX-1 on the male sterility of rapeseed and its influence on agronomic and yield characters by using five methods of applying coated stem, stem injection, root irrigation, saturated spray and standard spray. The results showed that The two methods had the best induction effect on male sterility when the stage of rapeseed pollen development was in the mononuclear, the moss stem height was about 20 cm, and the maximum flower bud length was about 2 mm, 22 μL of each stem was injected, the concentration was 110 mg/L of the chemical hybridizing agent, saturated spray(the amount of spray per plant was 12 mL), and the concentration was 1.2 mg/L of the chemical hybridizing agent. By the two methods, the male sterile strain was 100%. The rate of complete male sterility rate was over 99%. The plant phytotoxicity rate was 0. The self-crossing rate was 0, and the seed set of outcross was normal. The two application methods have no significant effect on agronomic and yield characters such as plant height, main inflorescence length, pod number and horn number.
In order to explore the new precise and high-efficiency application method of rapeseed chemical hybridization agent, We used the rapeseed inbred line K407 as the material to study the effect of different chemical application methods of chemical hybridization agent SX-1 on the male sterility of rapeseed and its influence on agronomic and yield characters by using five methods of applying coated stem, stem injection, root irrigation, saturated spray and standard spray. The results showed that The two methods had the best induction effect on male sterility when the stage of rapeseed pollen development was in the mononuclear, the moss stem height was about 20 cm, and the maximum flower bud length was about 2 mm, 22 μL of each stem was injected, the concentration was 110 mg/L of the chemical hybridizing agent, saturated spray(the amount of spray per plant was 12 mL), and the concentration was 1.2 mg/L of the chemical hybridizing agent. By the two methods, the male sterile strain was 100%. The rate of complete male sterility rate was over 99%. The plant phytotoxicity rate was 0. The self-crossing rate was 0, and the seed set of outcross was normal. The two application methods have no significant effect on agronomic and yield characters such as plant height, main inflorescence length, pod number and horn number.
引文
[1] 王汉中.我国油菜产业发展的历史回顾与展望[J].中国油料作物学报,2010,32(2):300-302.
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[3] 刘后利.油菜遗传育种学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2000.
[4] 官春云,王国槐,赵均田,等.甘兰型油菜化学杀雄利用杂种优势的初步研究[J].湖南农学院学报,1979(4):47-52.
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[6] 官春云.油菜的自交不亲和性和杂种优势育种[J].湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报,2001,7(1):1-6.
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[8] 官春云,李栒,王国槐,等.化学杂交剂诱导油菜雄不育机理的研究I:杀雄剂1号对甘蓝型油菜花药毡绒层和花粉粒形成的影响[J].作物学报,1997,23(5):513-521.
[9] 刘忠松,官春云,陈社员.植物雄性不育机理的研究和应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:244-248.
[10] 官春云,李栒,王国槐,等.化学杂交剂诱导油菜雄性不育机理的研究,KMS-1对甘蓝型油菜育性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,1998,20(3):1-4.
[11] 刘绚霞,董军刚,刘创社,等.新型化学杀雄剂EN对甘蓝型油菜的杀雄效果及其应用研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(4):81-85.
[12] 何振才,李建厂,李永红.新杀雄剂在油菜上的应用初报[J].陕西农业科学:自然科学版,2000(3):12-14.
[13] 于澄宇,胡胜武,张春宏,等.化学杂交剂EXP对油菜的杀雄效果[J].作物学报,2005,31(11):1455-1459.
[14] 戚永明,刘建军,付云龙,等.新型化学杀雄剂“定军1号”在甘蓝型油菜CMS制种上控制微粉的作用效果[J].种子,2006,25(10):93-95.
[15] 尚毅,李殿荣,李永红,等.我国油菜化学杀雄+细胞质雄性不育的应用研究[J].西北农业学报,2005,14(1):26-29.
[16] 张耀文,尚毅,李永红,等.新型化学杂交剂SX-1对甘蓝型油菜CMS的作用效果研究[J].西北农业学报,2003,12(3):57-61.
[17] 张耀文,尚毅,李永红,等.新型化学杂交剂SX-1和肥料混用对甘蓝型油菜CMS的作用效果[J].西北农业学报,2004,13(3):9-13.
[18] 李文,王国槐.油菜化学杂交剂SX-1的残留检测[J].湖南农业科学,2012(9):7-9.
[19] 韦世豪,田建华,李永红,等.化学杂交剂SX-1对不同生态区甘蓝型油菜的杀雄效果[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(11):119-123.
[20] 谌利,李加纳,唐章林.甘蓝型黄籽杂交油菜新品种渝黄1号的选育[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(1):45-47.
[21] 陈社员,官春云,王国槐,等.双低杂交油菜新品种湘杂油6号的选育[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(2):37-39.
[22] 史彩华,胡静荣,杨玉婷,等.不同药剂和施药方法对韭蛆的田间防治效果[J].植物保护学报,2018,45(2):282-289.
[2] 傅廷栋.杂交油菜的育种与利用[M].武汉:武汉科学技术出版社,1995:124-136.
[3] 刘后利.油菜遗传育种学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2000.
[4] 官春云,王国槐,赵均田,等.甘兰型油菜化学杀雄利用杂种优势的初步研究[J].湖南农学院学报,1979(4):47-52.
[5] 刘录祥,黄铁城.作物化学杂交育种的实践与展望[J].中国农业科学,1990,23(2):1-9.
[6] 官春云.油菜的自交不亲和性和杂种优势育种[J].湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报,2001,7(1):1-6.
[7] Sawhney V K,Shukla A.Male Sterility in flowering plants are plant growth substances involved[J].American Journal of Botany,1994,81(12):1640-1647.
[8] 官春云,李栒,王国槐,等.化学杂交剂诱导油菜雄不育机理的研究I:杀雄剂1号对甘蓝型油菜花药毡绒层和花粉粒形成的影响[J].作物学报,1997,23(5):513-521.
[9] 刘忠松,官春云,陈社员.植物雄性不育机理的研究和应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:244-248.
[10] 官春云,李栒,王国槐,等.化学杂交剂诱导油菜雄性不育机理的研究,KMS-1对甘蓝型油菜育性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,1998,20(3):1-4.
[11] 刘绚霞,董军刚,刘创社,等.新型化学杀雄剂EN对甘蓝型油菜的杀雄效果及其应用研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(4):81-85.
[12] 何振才,李建厂,李永红.新杀雄剂在油菜上的应用初报[J].陕西农业科学:自然科学版,2000(3):12-14.
[13] 于澄宇,胡胜武,张春宏,等.化学杂交剂EXP对油菜的杀雄效果[J].作物学报,2005,31(11):1455-1459.
[14] 戚永明,刘建军,付云龙,等.新型化学杀雄剂“定军1号”在甘蓝型油菜CMS制种上控制微粉的作用效果[J].种子,2006,25(10):93-95.
[15] 尚毅,李殿荣,李永红,等.我国油菜化学杀雄+细胞质雄性不育的应用研究[J].西北农业学报,2005,14(1):26-29.
[16] 张耀文,尚毅,李永红,等.新型化学杂交剂SX-1对甘蓝型油菜CMS的作用效果研究[J].西北农业学报,2003,12(3):57-61.
[17] 张耀文,尚毅,李永红,等.新型化学杂交剂SX-1和肥料混用对甘蓝型油菜CMS的作用效果[J].西北农业学报,2004,13(3):9-13.
[18] 李文,王国槐.油菜化学杂交剂SX-1的残留检测[J].湖南农业科学,2012(9):7-9.
[19] 韦世豪,田建华,李永红,等.化学杂交剂SX-1对不同生态区甘蓝型油菜的杀雄效果[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(11):119-123.
[20] 谌利,李加纳,唐章林.甘蓝型黄籽杂交油菜新品种渝黄1号的选育[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(1):45-47.
[21] 陈社员,官春云,王国槐,等.双低杂交油菜新品种湘杂油6号的选育[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(2):37-39.
[22] 史彩华,胡静荣,杨玉婷,等.不同药剂和施药方法对韭蛆的田间防治效果[J].植物保护学报,2018,45(2):282-289.