小型浅水湖泊沉积物磷的赋存形态及其相关性分析
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摘要
以孔目湖沉积物为研究对象,应用七步连续提取法测定其中的不同形态磷,探讨了该湖泊沉积物中各赋存形态磷的分布特征,并对其进行了相关性分析。结果表明:该湖泊遭受的磷内源负荷比较大,磷污染严重;沉积物中TP含量在2338.63-2954.98mg·kg~(-1),平均为2671.37mg·kg~(-1);沉积物中各形态磷含量从高到低依次为:Fe-P>De-P>Ca-P>OP>Al-P>Oc-P>Ex-P,分别占TP的53.9%、28.7%、8.8%、6.2%、1.2%、0.9%、0.3%;生物有效磷含量为1583.59 mg·kg~(-1),占TP的59.28%;沉积物中TP与Fe-P极显著相关,Oc-P与Ca-P和OP与Ca-P均相关,而TP与Ex-P、Al-P、Ca-P和OP相关性较差,说明沉积物中TP含量主要来自于Fe-P。这一研究结果为揭示小型湖泊富营养化发生机制提供了数据及理论支撑。
Taking the sediment in Kongmu Lake as the research object, the seven-step continuous extraction method was used to determine the different forms of phosphorus in the sediment. The distributions of all phosphorus forms were investigated, and their correlations were analyzed. The results showed that the internal phosphorus loading accounted for a considerable proportion in this lake, resulting in a serious phosphorus pollution. The contents of total phosphorus(TP) in the sediments ranged from 2338.63 to2954.98 mg·kg~(-1) with an average of 2671.37 mg·kg~(-1). The order of different form phosphorus contents in the sediments was Fe-P>De-P>Ca-P>OP>Al-P>Oc-P>Ex-P. Their proportions were 53.9%, 28.7%, 8.8%, 6.2%, 1.2%, 0.9% and 0.3% of TP, respectively.The content of bio-available phosphorus was 1583.59 mg·kg~(-1), which accounted for 59.28% of TP. There was an extremely significant correlation between TP and Fe-P. Also, both Oc-P and OP demonstrated a correlation with Ca-P. In addition, a weak correlation could be inferred between the TP and Ex-P, Al-P, Ca-P and OP. These results indicate that the TP content in sediments is mainly from Fe-P.This study provides data and theoretical support for revealing the mechanism of lake-eutrophication in this city.
Taking the sediment in Kongmu Lake as the research object, the seven-step continuous extraction method was used to determine the different forms of phosphorus in the sediment. The distributions of all phosphorus forms were investigated, and their correlations were analyzed. The results showed that the internal phosphorus loading accounted for a considerable proportion in this lake, resulting in a serious phosphorus pollution. The contents of total phosphorus(TP) in the sediments ranged from 2338.63 to2954.98 mg·kg~(-1) with an average of 2671.37 mg·kg~(-1). The order of different form phosphorus contents in the sediments was Fe-P>De-P>Ca-P>OP>Al-P>Oc-P>Ex-P. Their proportions were 53.9%, 28.7%, 8.8%, 6.2%, 1.2%, 0.9% and 0.3% of TP, respectively.The content of bio-available phosphorus was 1583.59 mg·kg~(-1), which accounted for 59.28% of TP. There was an extremely significant correlation between TP and Fe-P. Also, both Oc-P and OP demonstrated a correlation with Ca-P. In addition, a weak correlation could be inferred between the TP and Ex-P, Al-P, Ca-P and OP. These results indicate that the TP content in sediments is mainly from Fe-P.This study provides data and theoretical support for revealing the mechanism of lake-eutrophication in this city.
引文
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[16]李大鹏,黄勇.风浪与底栖生物扰动对底泥内源磷释放的协同作用[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(4):17-20.
[17]郑习健,陈瑞珍.酸溶──磷锑钼光度法测定污泥中的磷[J].环境科学与技术,1996,(3):15-17.
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[21]邵雪琳,魏权,高丽,等.天鹅湖泻湖表层沉积物中各形态磷的空间分布特征[J].土壤通报,2015,46(1):127-132.
[22]鲁群,李秀,李湘梅.湖泊底泥中磷形态及分布特征研究[J].环境工程,2014,32(4):135-139.
[23]范成新,张路,包先明,等.太湖沉积物-水界面生源要素迁移机制及定量化--2.磷释放的热力学机制及源-汇转换[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(3):207-217.
[24]KANG Xuming,SONG Jinming,YUAN Huamao,et al.Phosphorus speciation and its bioavailability in sediments of the Jiaozhou Bay[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,2017,(188):127-136.
[25]俞林伟,谭镇,钟萍,等.广州流花湖底泥磷的垂直变化特征[J].生态环境学报,2007,16(5):1358-1363.
[26]彭杜,刘凌,胡进宝.玄武湖沉积物磷形态的垂向变化和生物有效性[J].水资源保护,2009,25(1):31-35.
[27]许春雪,袁建,王亚平,等.沉积物中磷的赋存形态及磷形态顺序提取分析方法[J].岩矿测试,2011,30(6):785-794.
[28]苏玉萍,郑达贤,庄一廷,等.南方内陆富营养化湖泊沉积物磷形态特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(2):362-365.
[29]RUBAN V,LóPEZ-SáNCHEZ JF,PARDO P,et al.Harmonized protocol and certified reference material for the determination of extractable contents of phosphorus in freshwater sediments--a synthesis of recent works[J].Fresenius’Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2001,370(2-3):224-228.
[30]宋鹏鹏,侯金枝,高丽,等.荣成天鹅湖沉积物磷的赋存形态和时空分布特征[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(3):98-102.
[31]S?NDERGAARD M,JENSEN J P,JEPPESEN E.Role of sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes[J].Hydrobiologia,2003,506-509(1-3):135-145.
[32]吴峰炜,汪福顺,吴明红,等.滇池、红枫湖沉积物中总磷、分态磷及生物硅形态与分布特征[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(1):88-94.
[33]徐康,刘付程,安宗胜,等.巢湖表层沉积物中磷赋存形态的时空变化[J].环境科学,2011,32(11):3255-3263.
[34]王琦,姜霞,金相灿,等.太湖不同营养水平湖区沉积物磷形态与生物可利用磷的分布及相互关系[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(2):120-126.
[35]章婷曦,王晓蓉,金相灿.太湖不同营养水平湖区沉积物中磷形态的分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(4):1207-1213.
[36]WANG Shengrui,JIN Xiangcan,ZHAO Haichao,et al.Phosphorus fractions and its release in the sediments from the shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River area in China[J].Colloids&Surfaces APhysicochemical&Engineering Aspects,2006,273(1-3):109-116.
[37]周庆红,姚素平,高良敏,等.杨庄采煤塌陷水域沉积物中氮磷形态垂向分布特征[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(4):321-323.
[38]王雨春,马梅,万国江,等.贵州红枫湖沉积物磷赋存形态及沉积历史[J].湖泊科学,2004,16(1):21-27.
[39]潘成荣,汪家权,郑志侠,等.巢湖沉积物中氮与磷赋存形态研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2007,23(1):43-47.
[40]高敏,张生,罗强,等.乌粱素海不同粒径沉积物吸附磷实验研究[J].环境工程,2011,29(6):107-109.
[41]XU Delan,LEI Zexiang,WANG Hongjun,et al.Distribution of Phosphorus in Sediments of Onshore Reed Areas of Lake Taihu[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2007,17(4):557-561.
[2]龚莹,王宁,李玉成,等.巢湖水体-沉积物磷形态与有效性[J].生态与农村环境学报,2015(3):359-365.
[3]WANG Lingqing,LIANG Tao,ZHONG Buqing,et al.Study on Nitrogen Dynamics at the Sediment-Water Interface of Dongting Lake,China[J].Aquatic Geochemistry,2014,20(5):501-517.
[4]李大鹏,黄勇,李伟光.底泥再悬浮状态下生物有效磷形成机制研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(7):1824-1830.
[5]肖文娟,曹秀云,宋春雷,等.太湖不同营养类型湖区沉积物磷的形态与吸附行为的比较[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(7):3525-3530.
[6]黄清辉,王东红,王春霞,等.太湖梅梁湾和五里湖沉积物磷形态的垂向变化[J].中国环境科学,2004,24(2):147-150.
[7]杨柳,唐振,郝原芳.化学连续提取法对太湖沉积物中磷的各种形态测定[J].世界地质,2013,32(3):634-639.
[8]李乐,王圣瑞,焦立新,等.滇池柱状沉积物磷形态垂向变化及对释放的贡献[J].环境科学,2016,37(9):3384-3393.
[9]王忠威,王圣瑞,戴建军,等.洱海沉积物中磷的赋存形态[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(6):47-53.
[10]王敬富,陈敬安,曾艳,等.贵州红枫湖沉积物磷赋存形态的空间变化特征[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(5):789-796.
[11]DING Wei,ZHU Renbin,HOU Lijun,et al.Matrix-bound phosphine,phosphorus fractions and phosphatase activity through sediment profiles in Lake Chaohu,China[J].Environ Sci Process Impacts,2014,16(5):1135-1144.
[12]YUAN Hezhong,AN Shuqing,SHEN Ji,et al.The characteristic and environmental pollution records of phosphorus species in different trophic regions of Taihu Lake,China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2014,71(2):783-792.
[13]LIU Kai,NI Zhaokui,WANG Shengrui,et al.Distribution characteristics of phosphorus in sediments at different altitudes of Poyang Lake[J].Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue/china Environmental Science,2015,35(3):856-861.
[14]GKELIS S,PAPADIMITRIOU T,ZAOUTSOS N,et al.Anthropogenic and climate-induced change favors toxic cyanobacteria blooms:Evidence from monitoring a highly eutrophic,urban Mediterranean lake[J].Harmful Algae,2014,(39):322-333.
[15]RYDIN E.Potentially mobile phosphorus in Lake Erken sediment[J].Water Research,2000,34(7):2037-2042.
[16]李大鹏,黄勇.风浪与底栖生物扰动对底泥内源磷释放的协同作用[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(4):17-20.
[17]郑习健,陈瑞珍.酸溶──磷锑钼光度法测定污泥中的磷[J].环境科学与技术,1996,(3):15-17.
[18]朱广伟,秦伯强.沉积物中磷形态的化学连续提取法应用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(3):349-352.
[19]BOSTRM B,PERSSON G,BROBERG B.Bioavailability of different phosphorus forms in freshwater systems[J].Hydrobiologia,1988,170(1):133-155.
[20]岳宗恺,马启敏,张亚楠,等.东昌湖表层沉积物的磷赋存形态[J].环境化学,2013,(2):219-224.
[21]邵雪琳,魏权,高丽,等.天鹅湖泻湖表层沉积物中各形态磷的空间分布特征[J].土壤通报,2015,46(1):127-132.
[22]鲁群,李秀,李湘梅.湖泊底泥中磷形态及分布特征研究[J].环境工程,2014,32(4):135-139.
[23]范成新,张路,包先明,等.太湖沉积物-水界面生源要素迁移机制及定量化--2.磷释放的热力学机制及源-汇转换[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(3):207-217.
[24]KANG Xuming,SONG Jinming,YUAN Huamao,et al.Phosphorus speciation and its bioavailability in sediments of the Jiaozhou Bay[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,2017,(188):127-136.
[25]俞林伟,谭镇,钟萍,等.广州流花湖底泥磷的垂直变化特征[J].生态环境学报,2007,16(5):1358-1363.
[26]彭杜,刘凌,胡进宝.玄武湖沉积物磷形态的垂向变化和生物有效性[J].水资源保护,2009,25(1):31-35.
[27]许春雪,袁建,王亚平,等.沉积物中磷的赋存形态及磷形态顺序提取分析方法[J].岩矿测试,2011,30(6):785-794.
[28]苏玉萍,郑达贤,庄一廷,等.南方内陆富营养化湖泊沉积物磷形态特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(2):362-365.
[29]RUBAN V,LóPEZ-SáNCHEZ JF,PARDO P,et al.Harmonized protocol and certified reference material for the determination of extractable contents of phosphorus in freshwater sediments--a synthesis of recent works[J].Fresenius’Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2001,370(2-3):224-228.
[30]宋鹏鹏,侯金枝,高丽,等.荣成天鹅湖沉积物磷的赋存形态和时空分布特征[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(3):98-102.
[31]S?NDERGAARD M,JENSEN J P,JEPPESEN E.Role of sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes[J].Hydrobiologia,2003,506-509(1-3):135-145.
[32]吴峰炜,汪福顺,吴明红,等.滇池、红枫湖沉积物中总磷、分态磷及生物硅形态与分布特征[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(1):88-94.
[33]徐康,刘付程,安宗胜,等.巢湖表层沉积物中磷赋存形态的时空变化[J].环境科学,2011,32(11):3255-3263.
[34]王琦,姜霞,金相灿,等.太湖不同营养水平湖区沉积物磷形态与生物可利用磷的分布及相互关系[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(2):120-126.
[35]章婷曦,王晓蓉,金相灿.太湖不同营养水平湖区沉积物中磷形态的分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(4):1207-1213.
[36]WANG Shengrui,JIN Xiangcan,ZHAO Haichao,et al.Phosphorus fractions and its release in the sediments from the shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River area in China[J].Colloids&Surfaces APhysicochemical&Engineering Aspects,2006,273(1-3):109-116.
[37]周庆红,姚素平,高良敏,等.杨庄采煤塌陷水域沉积物中氮磷形态垂向分布特征[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(4):321-323.
[38]王雨春,马梅,万国江,等.贵州红枫湖沉积物磷赋存形态及沉积历史[J].湖泊科学,2004,16(1):21-27.
[39]潘成荣,汪家权,郑志侠,等.巢湖沉积物中氮与磷赋存形态研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2007,23(1):43-47.
[40]高敏,张生,罗强,等.乌粱素海不同粒径沉积物吸附磷实验研究[J].环境工程,2011,29(6):107-109.
[41]XU Delan,LEI Zexiang,WANG Hongjun,et al.Distribution of Phosphorus in Sediments of Onshore Reed Areas of Lake Taihu[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2007,17(4):557-561.