磁暴期全球电离层电子含量变化分析研究
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摘要
电离层电子含量(TEC)受太阳活动影响较大,磁暴发生时,TEC变化在全球范围内变化不一,研究该时期的TEC扰动变化情况对电离层的研究至关重要.本文以2015年3月特大磁暴为研究对象,利用包括北斗系统在内的全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)TEC数据和中国区域的电离层测高仪f_oF2数据,对此次电离层磁暴的扰动特性进行研究并讨论其可能的物理机制.
The ionospheric electron content(TEC) is greatly affected by solar activity. When the magnetic storm occurs, the TEC changes vary widely in the world. It is very important to study the variation of TEC perturbation in this period for the study of the ionosphere.According to the inverse relationship between the ionospheric delay of the GNSS signal and the square of the signal frequency, the total electron content TEC change on the signal propagation path can be obtained. Without considering the absolute value of the TEC, the high-precision relative TEC can be obtained by using the carrier phase L4 combination, which is used to detect ionospheric disturbances. In this paper, the disturbance characteristics of the giant magnetospheric storm in March 2015 are studied by using GNSS TEC data including Beidou system and foF2 data of ionospheric altimeter in China, and its possible physical mechanism is discussed.
The ionospheric electron content(TEC) is greatly affected by solar activity. When the magnetic storm occurs, the TEC changes vary widely in the world. It is very important to study the variation of TEC perturbation in this period for the study of the ionosphere.According to the inverse relationship between the ionospheric delay of the GNSS signal and the square of the signal frequency, the total electron content TEC change on the signal propagation path can be obtained. Without considering the absolute value of the TEC, the high-precision relative TEC can be obtained by using the carrier phase L4 combination, which is used to detect ionospheric disturbances. In this paper, the disturbance characteristics of the giant magnetospheric storm in March 2015 are studied by using GNSS TEC data including Beidou system and foF2 data of ionospheric altimeter in China, and its possible physical mechanism is discussed.
引文
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[22] CHERNISK I,ZAKHARENKOVA I,REDMON R J.Dynamics of the high-latitude ionospheric irregularities during the 17 March 2015 St.Patrick's day storm:Ground-based GPS measurements[J].Space Weather,2015,13(9):585-597.DOI:10.1002/2015SW001237.
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[24] 宋茜,丁锋,万卫星,等.2011年5月28日磁暴期间中国地区大尺度电离层行进式扰动的GPS台网监测[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(4):513-522.
[25] SCHAER S,BEUTLER G,ROTHACHER M.Mapping and predicting the ionosphere[C]//Proceedings of the IGS AC Workshop,Darmstadt,Germany,1998:9-11.
[2] PI X,MANNUCCI A J,LINDQWISTER U J,et al.Monitoring of global ionospheric irregularities using the worldwide GPS network [J].Geophysical Research Letters,1997,24(18):2283-2286.DOI:10.1029/97GL02273.
[3] AARONS J.Global positioning system phase fluctuations at auroral latitudes[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics,1997,102(A8):17219-17231.DOI:10.1029/97JA01118
[4] FARRUGIA C J,JORDANOVA V K,THOMSEN M F,et al.A two-ejecta event associated with a two-step geomagnetic storm[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics,2006,111(A11104).DOI:10.1029/2006JA011893.
[5] KAMIDE Y,KUSANO K.No major solar flares but the largest geomagnetic storm in the present solar cycle[J].Space Weather,2015,13(6):365-367.DOI:10.1002/2015SW001213.
[6] SKONE S,YOUSUF R.Performance of satellite-based navigation for marine users during ionospheric disturbances[J].Space Weather,2007,5(S1).http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2007/2006 SW000246.shtml
[7] ASTAFYEVA E,YASYUKEVICH Y,MAKSIKOV A,et al.Geomagnetic storms,super-storms,and their impacts on GPS-based navigation systems[J].Space Weather,2014,12(7):508-525.DOI:10.1002/2014SW001072.
[8] FULLERr-ROWELL T J,CODRESCU M V,MOFFETT R J,et al.Response of the thermosphere and ionosphere to geomagnetic storms[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1994,99(A3):3893-3914.DOI:10.1029/93JA02015.
[9] 朱正平,宁百齐,万卫星,等.2006 年 4 月 13-17 日西太平洋地区电离层暴时特性研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):957-968.
[10] FANG H,WENG L,SHENG Z.Variations in the thermosphere and ionosphere response to the 17-20 April 2002 geomagnetic storms[J].Advances in Space Research,2012,49(10):1529-1536.DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2012.02.024.
[11] TSURUTANI B T,SAITO A,VERKHOGLYADOVA O P,et al.The Dayside Ionospheric “Superfountain”(DIS),plasma transport and other consequences[C]//Solar Influence on the Heliosphere and Earth’s Environment:Recent Progress and Prospects,Proc.ILWS Workshop,Goa,India.2006:19-24.
[12] KIKUCHI T,HASHIMOTO K K,NOZAKI K.Penetration of magnetospheric electric fields to the equator during a geomagnetic storm[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics 2008,113(A6).DOI:10.1029/2007JA012628.
[13] MANNUCCI A J,TSURUTANI B T,ABDU M A,et al.Superposed epoch analysis of the dayside ionospheric response to four intense geomagnetic storms[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:,2008,113(A3).DOI:10.1029/2007JA012732.
[14] SCHERLIESS L,FEJER B G.Storm-time dependence of equatorial disturbance dynamo zonalelectric fields[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1997,102(A11):24037-24046.DOI:10.1029/97JA02165.
[15] BUONSANTO M J.Ionospheric storms-a review[J].Space Science Reviews,1999,88(3-4):563-601.DOI:10.1023/A:1005107532631.
[16] MARUYAMA N,RICHMOND A D,FULLER-ROWELL T J,et al.Interaction between direct penetration and disturbance dynamo electric fields in the storm-time equatorial ionosphere[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(17).DOI:10.1029/2005GL023763.
[17] DARROUZET F,KEYSER J D,FIERRARD V.The earth's plasmasphere[J].Earths Plasmasphere,1998,88(48):372.DOI:10.1007/978-1-4419-1323-4.
[18] SCHUNK R W,NAGY A F.Ionospheres:Physics,plasma physics,and chemistry[J].Cambridge Atmospheric and Space Science,2001,82(46):556.DOI:10.1029/01EO00328.
[19] 尚社平.磁暴期间全球电离层扰动形态分析和理论研究[D].北京:中国科学院空间科学与应用研究所中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心,2000.
[20] KAMIDE Y,KUSANO K.No major solar flares but the largest geomagnetic storm in the present solar cycle[J].Space Weather-the International Journal of Research & Applications,2015,13(6):365-367.DOI:10.1002/2015SW001213.
[21] LIU Y D,HU H,WANG R,et al.Plasma and magnetic field characteristics of solar coronal mass ejections in relation to geomagnetic storm intensity and variability[J].The Astrophysical Journal Letters,2015,809(2):L34.DOI:10.1088/2041-8205/809/2/L34.
[22] CHERNISK I,ZAKHARENKOVA I,REDMON R J.Dynamics of the high-latitude ionospheric irregularities during the 17 March 2015 St.Patrick's day storm:Ground-based GPS measurements[J].Space Weather,2015,13(9):585-597.DOI:10.1002/2015SW001237.
[23] ASTAFYEVA E,ZAKHARENKOVA I,FORSTER M.Ionospheric response to the 2015 St.Patrick's day storm:A global multi-instrumental overview[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Space Physics,2015,120(10):9023-9037.DOI:.1002/2015JA021629.
[24] 宋茜,丁锋,万卫星,等.2011年5月28日磁暴期间中国地区大尺度电离层行进式扰动的GPS台网监测[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(4):513-522.
[25] SCHAER S,BEUTLER G,ROTHACHER M.Mapping and predicting the ionosphere[C]//Proceedings of the IGS AC Workshop,Darmstadt,Germany,1998:9-11.