微纳复合SiO_2气凝胶超级绝热建筑外墙保温材料
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摘要
我国建筑能耗巨大并处于高速增长期,而现有的建筑外墙保温材料各有缺点,如保温性能差,耐候性差等,因而保温效果极好、阻燃、耐候的纳米多孔气凝胶基外墙保温材料日益受到人们的青睐。基于Si O2气凝胶的超级保温隔热特性,针对成本、使用寿命和燃烧性等建筑材料最关注的问题,通过微纳复合技术,提出了有效的解决方案并形成了规模化生产。通过仿真模拟计算发现,使用气凝胶复合保温板的建筑耗能将明显降低。
Nowadays,China's building energy consumption is huge and in a period of rapid growth,while the existing building exterior wall thermal insulation materials have their own disadvantages, such as poor insulation performance and poor weather resis-tance. So the nano porous aerogels based exterior wall material is increasingly favored by people with excellent insulation effect,flame resistance,weather resistance. Based on super thermal insulation properties of silica aerogels and aiming at the cost,the service life and the combustibility which building materials are most concerned about, this paper put forward effective solution and formed a large-scale production through the micro-nano composite technology. It's found that building energy consumption will be reduced greatly with the use of aerogel composite insulation board through the simulation.
Nowadays,China's building energy consumption is huge and in a period of rapid growth,while the existing building exterior wall thermal insulation materials have their own disadvantages, such as poor insulation performance and poor weather resis-tance. So the nano porous aerogels based exterior wall material is increasingly favored by people with excellent insulation effect,flame resistance,weather resistance. Based on super thermal insulation properties of silica aerogels and aiming at the cost,the service life and the combustibility which building materials are most concerned about, this paper put forward effective solution and formed a large-scale production through the micro-nano composite technology. It's found that building energy consumption will be reduced greatly with the use of aerogel composite insulation board through the simulation.
引文
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[13]侯贵华.稻壳灰裂解制备Si O2气凝胶的研究[J].无机材料学报,2003,18(2):407-412.
[14]王文琴,张志华,祖国庆,等.一种二氧化硅气凝胶的低成本制备方法:中国,CN102992333A[P].2013-03-27.
[15]王文琴,张志华,祖国庆,等.一种水性条件下低成本制备气凝胶或气凝胶纤维复合材料的方法:中国,CN103204666A[P].013-07-17.
[16]沈军,王文琴,张志华,等.纯水体系下硅气凝胶的低成本制备方法.中国,C01B33/16,CN103496707A[P].2014-01-08.
[17]Zhang Z H,Shen J,Ni X Y,et al.Preparation and characterization of hydrophobic silica aerogels doped with fibers[J].Rare Met.Mater.Eng.,2008,37(2):16-19.
[18]Rao A V,Kulkarni M M,Amalnerkar D P,et al.Surface chemical modification of silica aerogels using various alkylalkoxy/chloro silanes[J].Appl.Surf.Sci.2003:206,262-270.
[19]Rao A P,Rao A V,Pajonk G M.Hydrophobic and physical properties of the ambient pressure dried silica aerogels with sodium silicate precursor using various surface modification agents[J].Appl.Surf.Sci.,2007,253:6032-6040.
[2]沈军,王钰,吴翔.气凝胶——一种结构可控的新型材料[J].材料科学与工程,1994,12(3):1-5.
[3]王钰,沈军.有机气凝胶和碳气凝胶的研究与应用[J].材料导报,1994(4):54-57.
[4]沈军,王钰,吴翔,等.硅气凝胶的结构控制研究[J].材料科学与工艺,1994,2(4):87-93.
[5]王钰,沈军,JFricke.高效隔热材料掺Ti O2及玻璃纤维硅石气凝胶的研制[J].材料研究学报,1995,9(6):568-572.
[6]沈军,王钰,吴翔.硅气凝胶和它的分形结构[J].中国学术,1994,23(8):483-487.
[7]沈军,王钰,吴翔,等.二氧化硅气凝胶的小角X光散射研究[J].无机材料学报,1996,11(4):753-756.
[8]沈军,王钰,甘礼华,等.溶胶-凝胶法制备Si O2气凝胶及其特性研究[J].无机材料学报,1995,10(1):69-75.
[9]倪星元,张志华,黄耀东,等.Si O2纳米多孔材料制备及其保温隔热特性研究[J].原子能科学技术,2004,38:129-133.
[10]沈军,王际超,倪星元,等.以水玻璃为源常压制备高保温二氧化硅气凝胶[J].功能材料,2009,40(1):149-158.
[11]吴国友,程璇,余煜玺,等.常压干燥制备二氧化硅气凝胶[J].化学进展,2010,22(10):1892-1900.
[12]陈一民,洪晓斌,赵大方,等.常压制备玻璃基疏水Si02气凝胶[J].化工新型材料,2005,33(8):21-23.
[13]侯贵华.稻壳灰裂解制备Si O2气凝胶的研究[J].无机材料学报,2003,18(2):407-412.
[14]王文琴,张志华,祖国庆,等.一种二氧化硅气凝胶的低成本制备方法:中国,CN102992333A[P].2013-03-27.
[15]王文琴,张志华,祖国庆,等.一种水性条件下低成本制备气凝胶或气凝胶纤维复合材料的方法:中国,CN103204666A[P].013-07-17.
[16]沈军,王文琴,张志华,等.纯水体系下硅气凝胶的低成本制备方法.中国,C01B33/16,CN103496707A[P].2014-01-08.
[17]Zhang Z H,Shen J,Ni X Y,et al.Preparation and characterization of hydrophobic silica aerogels doped with fibers[J].Rare Met.Mater.Eng.,2008,37(2):16-19.
[18]Rao A V,Kulkarni M M,Amalnerkar D P,et al.Surface chemical modification of silica aerogels using various alkylalkoxy/chloro silanes[J].Appl.Surf.Sci.2003:206,262-270.
[19]Rao A P,Rao A V,Pajonk G M.Hydrophobic and physical properties of the ambient pressure dried silica aerogels with sodium silicate precursor using various surface modification agents[J].Appl.Surf.Sci.,2007,253:6032-6040.