COEC微小试样用于延性断裂行为评定的规则化法研究
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摘要
在材料断裂行为评定中,试样小型化不仅具有取样方便和节约成本的优点,而且对满足特殊取样要求的断裂韧度测试有重要工程意义。采用含外侧边裂纹C形压缩(C-shaped outside edge-notched compression,COEC)小试样,基于量纲一载荷分离理论发展了其用于获取延性材料的断裂韧度的规则化测试方法。采用A508-III压力容器钢完成了不同规格COEC、紧凑拉伸(Compact tension,CT)和单边裂纹弯曲(Single edged-notched bending,SEB)试样的J阻力曲线试验。结果表明,相比试样厚度,初始裂纹长度对COEC试样的J阻力曲线测试结果影响更大。同时,由于COEC试样具有更高的裂尖约束水平,其J阻力曲线明显低于标准CT、SEB试样的结果。
In the evaluation of fracture behavior of materials, specimen miniaturization not only has the advantages of convenient sampling and cost saving, but also has important engineering significance to special sampling requirements of fracture toughness test. According to non-dimensional load separation principle, the normalization method for estimating the fracture toughness of ductile materials using a C-shaped outside edge-notched compression(COEC) specimen are proposed. J-resistance curves tests for A508-III are carried out by use of COEC, compact tension(CT) and single edged-notched bending(SEB) specimens with different specifications, respectively. The results show that the initial crack size has evident influence on the fracture toughness of ductile materials obtained by COEC specimen, compared with the effect of specimen thickness. Meanwhile, due to the higher level of constraint near the crack tip of the COEC specimens, remarkable lower J-resistance curves can be observed in comparison with the results of the CT and SEB specimens.
In the evaluation of fracture behavior of materials, specimen miniaturization not only has the advantages of convenient sampling and cost saving, but also has important engineering significance to special sampling requirements of fracture toughness test. According to non-dimensional load separation principle, the normalization method for estimating the fracture toughness of ductile materials using a C-shaped outside edge-notched compression(COEC) specimen are proposed. J-resistance curves tests for A508-III are carried out by use of COEC, compact tension(CT) and single edged-notched bending(SEB) specimens with different specifications, respectively. The results show that the initial crack size has evident influence on the fracture toughness of ductile materials obtained by COEC specimen, compared with the effect of specimen thickness. Meanwhile, due to the higher level of constraint near the crack tip of the COEC specimens, remarkable lower J-resistance curves can be observed in comparison with the results of the CT and SEB specimens.
引文
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[12]蔡力勋,包陈.用于延性断裂韧性测试的载荷分离方法与应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2011(7):868-875.CAI Lixun,BAO Chen.Load separation method of determine the ductile fracture toughness of materials and its application[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011(7):868-875.
[13]姚瑶,蔡力勋,包陈,等.基于SENT试样获取材料断裂韧度的载荷分离法研究[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(10):48-57.YAO Yao,CAI Lixun,BAO Chen,et al.Study on the load separation method of SENT specimens for fracture toughness assessment[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(10):48-57.
[14]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 21143-2014金属材料准静态断裂韧度的统一试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.GB/T 21143-2014 Metallic materials-unified method of test for determination of quasistatic fracture toughness[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2015.
[15]BAO Chen,CAI Lixun,SHI Kaikai,et al.Improved normalization method for ductile fracture toughness determination based on dimensionless load separation principle[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,2015,28(2):168-181.
[16]包陈,蔡力勋.无量纲载荷分离法在延性断裂韧性测试中的应用[J],固体力学学报,2013,34(1):20-30.BAO Chen,CAI Lixun.Application of non-dimensional load separation method in the ductial ductile fracture toughness estimation[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,2013,34(1):20-30.
[17]SHAROBEAM M H,LANDES J D.The load separation criterion and methodology in ductile fracture mechanics[J].International Journal of Fracture,1991,47:81-104.
[18]PARIS P C,ERNST H,TURNER C E.A J-integral approach to development ofη-factors[C]//Fracture Mechanics:Twelfth Conference.ASTM STP 700,American Society for Testing and Materials,1980:476-502.
[19]CRAVERO S,RUGGIERI C.Estimation procedure of J-resistance curves for SEC(T)fracture specimens using unloading compliance[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2007,74:2735-2757.
[20]RICE J R,PARIS P C,MERKLE J G.Some further results of J-integral analysis and estimates[C]//Progress in Flaw Growth and Fracture Toughness Testing,ASTM STP 536,American Society for Testing and Materials,1973:231-245.
[2]但晨,蔡力勋,包陈.C形环小试样疲劳裂纹扩展试验方法与应用[J].工程力学,2015(12):27-32.DAN Chen,CAI Lixun,BAO Chen.Test method and application of fatigue crack propagation with C-ring specimen[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015(12):27-32.
[3]包陈,蔡力勋,但晨,等.考虑裂尖约束效应的小尺寸CIET试样延性断裂行为[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(2):34-44.BAO Chen,CAI Lixun,DAN Chen,et al.Ductile fracture behavior of small-sized CIET specimen considering crack front constraint effect[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(2):34-44.
[4]赵兴华.用于C250钢的疲劳试验方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.ZHAO Xinghua.Research on fatigue test method for C250 steel[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[5]赵兴华,蔡力勋,包陈.CRO试样的疲劳裂纹扩展行为试验方法研究[J].工程力学,2016(11):20-28.ZHAO Xinghua,CAI Lixun,BAO Chen.Testing method study on fracture crack propagation behavior of CRO specimen[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016(11):20-28.
[6]ERNST H A,PARIS P C,ROSSOW M,et al.Analysis of load-displacement relationships to determine J-R curve and tearing instability material properties[C]/Fracture Mechanics,ASTM STP 677,American Society for Testing and Materials,1979:581-599.
[7]ERNST H A,PARIS P C,LANDES J D.Estimations on J-integral and tearing modulus T from a single specimen test record[C]//Fracture mechanics:Thirteenth Conference,ASTM STP 743,American Society for Testing and Materials,1981:476-502.
[8]HERRERA R,LANDES J D.A direct J-R curve analysis of fracture toughness tests[J].Journal of Testing and Evaluation,1988,16(5):427-449.
[9]LANDES J D,ZHOU Z,LEE K,et al.Normalization method for developing J-R curves with the LMN function[J].Journal of Testing and Evaluation,1991,19(4):305-311.
[10]ZHU X K,LAM P S,CHAO Y J.Application of normalization method to fracture resistance testing for storage tank A285 carbon stee[J].International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2009,86:669-676.
[11]LANDES J D,ZHOU Z.Application of load separation and normalization methods for polycarbonate materials[J].International Journal of Fracture,1993,63:383-393.
[12]蔡力勋,包陈.用于延性断裂韧性测试的载荷分离方法与应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2011(7):868-875.CAI Lixun,BAO Chen.Load separation method of determine the ductile fracture toughness of materials and its application[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011(7):868-875.
[13]姚瑶,蔡力勋,包陈,等.基于SENT试样获取材料断裂韧度的载荷分离法研究[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(10):48-57.YAO Yao,CAI Lixun,BAO Chen,et al.Study on the load separation method of SENT specimens for fracture toughness assessment[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(10):48-57.
[14]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 21143-2014金属材料准静态断裂韧度的统一试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.GB/T 21143-2014 Metallic materials-unified method of test for determination of quasistatic fracture toughness[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2015.
[15]BAO Chen,CAI Lixun,SHI Kaikai,et al.Improved normalization method for ductile fracture toughness determination based on dimensionless load separation principle[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,2015,28(2):168-181.
[16]包陈,蔡力勋.无量纲载荷分离法在延性断裂韧性测试中的应用[J],固体力学学报,2013,34(1):20-30.BAO Chen,CAI Lixun.Application of non-dimensional load separation method in the ductial ductile fracture toughness estimation[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,2013,34(1):20-30.
[17]SHAROBEAM M H,LANDES J D.The load separation criterion and methodology in ductile fracture mechanics[J].International Journal of Fracture,1991,47:81-104.
[18]PARIS P C,ERNST H,TURNER C E.A J-integral approach to development ofη-factors[C]//Fracture Mechanics:Twelfth Conference.ASTM STP 700,American Society for Testing and Materials,1980:476-502.
[19]CRAVERO S,RUGGIERI C.Estimation procedure of J-resistance curves for SEC(T)fracture specimens using unloading compliance[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2007,74:2735-2757.
[20]RICE J R,PARIS P C,MERKLE J G.Some further results of J-integral analysis and estimates[C]//Progress in Flaw Growth and Fracture Toughness Testing,ASTM STP 536,American Society for Testing and Materials,1973:231-245.