喷施叶面肥对旱地小麦生长的影响及与产量的关系
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摘要
为明确喷施叶面肥对旱地小麦生长发育的影响及与产量的关系,于2014-2015年在山西农业大学旱地小麦闻喜试验基地进行喷施叶面肥试验,设置三叶期、拔节期和孕穗期分别喷施吨田宝(D1~D3)、三叶期和拔节期同时喷施吨田宝(D4)、三叶期和孕穗期同时喷施吨田宝(D5)、拔节期和孕穗期同时喷施吨田宝(D6)、三叶期、拔节期和孕穗期同时喷施吨田宝(D7)、三叶期、拔节期和孕穗期分别喷施磷酸二氢钾(D8~D10)、三叶期、拔节期和孕穗期同时喷施磷酸二氢钾(D11)处理,以喷施清水为对照(CK)。结果表明,喷施叶面肥与CK相比可显著增加开花期叶面积指数、穗数和次生根数,尤其是D6;喷施叶面肥可显著增加穗数和产量,且处理D1~D7高于D8~D11,D1~D7处理中D7最高,但与D6处理间差异不显著,而叶面肥对穗粒数和千粒重的影响不规律。相关性分析表明,开花期叶面积指数与成熟期穗数、千粒重和产量呈极显著正相关,开花期次生根数与穗数和产量呈显著正相关。总之,在拔节期和孕穗期同时喷施吨田宝有利于促进开花期旱地小麦根系和叶片生长,延长叶片功能期,延缓根系衰老,增加穗数和千粒重,从而显著提高产量。
To explore the impacts of spraying foliar fertilizer in different stages on dryland wheat growth and their correlation with yield, an experiment was carried out in Wenxi County, Shanxi Province from 2014 to 2015. The impact in the stages of single applying or spraying foliar fertilizer in different stages(D1-D11 and CK) was studied. The results showed that compared with CK, spraying Duntianbao or KH2 PO4(D1-D11) both increased wheat leaf area index, tillers and secondary roots. D6 significantly improved ear number and grain yield, and spraying Duntianbao(D1-D7) was higher than spraying KH2 PO4(D8-D11), and D7 was the best, but there was no difference with D6. The effects of spraying foliar fertilizer on grain number per ear and 1000-grain weight was irregular. Correlation analysis showed that no matter how to spraying foliar fertilizer, the correlation of leaf area index at flowering stage and ear number, 1000-grain weight, yield were significantly positive. There were a positive correlations between secondary roots at flowering stage and ear number and yield. In conclusion, spraying Duntianbao at jointing and booting stages were conducive to promoting dryland wheat growth of root and leaf, prolonging functional leaf time, increasing tillers, delaying root senescence, increasing ear number and 1000-grain weight, and thereby improving yield.
To explore the impacts of spraying foliar fertilizer in different stages on dryland wheat growth and their correlation with yield, an experiment was carried out in Wenxi County, Shanxi Province from 2014 to 2015. The impact in the stages of single applying or spraying foliar fertilizer in different stages(D1-D11 and CK) was studied. The results showed that compared with CK, spraying Duntianbao or KH2 PO4(D1-D11) both increased wheat leaf area index, tillers and secondary roots. D6 significantly improved ear number and grain yield, and spraying Duntianbao(D1-D7) was higher than spraying KH2 PO4(D8-D11), and D7 was the best, but there was no difference with D6. The effects of spraying foliar fertilizer on grain number per ear and 1000-grain weight was irregular. Correlation analysis showed that no matter how to spraying foliar fertilizer, the correlation of leaf area index at flowering stage and ear number, 1000-grain weight, yield were significantly positive. There were a positive correlations between secondary roots at flowering stage and ear number and yield. In conclusion, spraying Duntianbao at jointing and booting stages were conducive to promoting dryland wheat growth of root and leaf, prolonging functional leaf time, increasing tillers, delaying root senescence, increasing ear number and 1000-grain weight, and thereby improving yield.
引文
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[11]薛玲珠,孙敏,高志强,等.深松蓄水增量播种对旱地小麦植株氮素吸收利用、产量及蛋白质含量的影响.中国农业科学,2017,50(13):2451-2462.
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[13]任爱霞,孙敏,高志强,等.夏闲期覆盖配施氮肥对旱地小麦土壤水分及氮素利用的影响.中国农业科学,2017,50(15):2888-2903.
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[16]唐进,林昌明,吉剑,等.小麦不同生育时期喷施“吨田宝”效果分析.农业科技通讯,2012(12):57-61.
[17]孙良忠,张文静,赵红梅,等.小麦喷施吨田宝效果试验示范报告.农业科技通讯,2013(11):74-76.
[18]钱海艳,马行军,王全领.不同时期喷施叶面肥对小麦综合性状的影响.现代农业科技,2017(21):28-29.
[19]张勉,高志强,孙敏.不同时期喷施吨田宝对旱地小麦农艺性状及产量的影响.山西农业科学,2017,45(3):415-419.
[20]张锦朝,高志强,孙敏.吨田宝对旱地小麦生长发育及产量形成的影响.中国农学通报,2015,31(18):34-40.
[2]范美玲,陈云霞.不同叶面肥对小麦农艺性状和产量的影响.陕西农业科学,2012(5):49-51.
[3]席吉龙,张建诚,席凯鹏,等.外源ABA对小麦抗旱性和产量性状的影响.作物杂志,2014(3):105-108.
[4]周吉红,曹海军,朱青兰,等.不同类型叶面肥在不同时期喷施对小麦产量的影响.作物杂志,2012(5):140-145.
[5]王汉林,孔祥英,朱志凌.小麦喷吨田宝应用效果分析.农家致富,2012(6):34-35.
[6]房春兴,王寅,唐怀坡,等.植物生长调节剂吨田宝对小麦形态指标及干物质积累的影响.农业科技通讯,2012(8):55-56,120.
[7]李宁.小麦吨田宝试验总结.河南农业,2012(2):26-27.
[8]刘艳,刘萍,房春兴,等.化控调节剂吨田宝在小麦上的大面积应用示范效果研究.现代农业科技,2015(12):152-153.
[9]李梅,孔祥英,宋早芹,等.植物生长调节剂吨田宝在小麦生产上的示范.安徽农学通报,2014,20(23):69-70.
[10]薛澄,王朝辉,李富翠,等.渭北旱塬不同施肥与覆盖栽培对冬小麦产量形成及土壤水分利用的影响.中国农业科学,2011,44(21):4395-4405.
[11]薛玲珠,孙敏,高志强,等.深松蓄水增量播种对旱地小麦植株氮素吸收利用、产量及蛋白质含量的影响.中国农业科学,2017,50(13):2451-2462.
[12]雷妙妙,孙敏,高志强,等.休闲期深松蓄水适期播种对旱地小麦产量的影响.中国农业科学,2017,50(15):2904-2915.
[13]任爱霞,孙敏,高志强,等.夏闲期覆盖配施氮肥对旱地小麦土壤水分及氮素利用的影响.中国农业科学,2017,50(15):2888-2903.
[14]任爱霞,孙敏,王培如,等.深松蓄水和施磷对旱地小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响.中国农业科学,2017,50(19):3678-3689.
[15]孙乔莲,唐进.小麦喷施吨田宝示范研究.现代农业科技,2014(10):12-13.
[16]唐进,林昌明,吉剑,等.小麦不同生育时期喷施“吨田宝”效果分析.农业科技通讯,2012(12):57-61.
[17]孙良忠,张文静,赵红梅,等.小麦喷施吨田宝效果试验示范报告.农业科技通讯,2013(11):74-76.
[18]钱海艳,马行军,王全领.不同时期喷施叶面肥对小麦综合性状的影响.现代农业科技,2017(21):28-29.
[19]张勉,高志强,孙敏.不同时期喷施吨田宝对旱地小麦农艺性状及产量的影响.山西农业科学,2017,45(3):415-419.
[20]张锦朝,高志强,孙敏.吨田宝对旱地小麦生长发育及产量形成的影响.中国农学通报,2015,31(18):34-40.