3个实用桑树品种的耐盐性生理生化特征及耐盐害的能力评价
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摘要
盐分胁迫会对植物的生理生化特性产生影响,通过测定植物在盐分胁迫下的生理生化指标,是评估其对盐害耐受能力的方法之一。以3个实用桑树(Morus L.)品种的绿枝扦插盆栽苗及其离体叶片为材料,分别用300 mmol/L Na Cl溶液进行盐胁迫处理,观察与测定3个品种的扦插苗在盐胁迫下的叶片形态、渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性。盐胁迫处理后3个品种扦插苗叶片的失绿程度从小到大依次为大10、金10、育711号。测定盐胁迫处理后4 d 3个品种扦插苗根、皮、叶中的渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性均存在显著差异:3个品种的根、皮和叶中的脯氨酸(Pro)含量均升高,且育711号和金10的增幅显著高于大10;育711号的皮和叶中的可溶性蛋白含量最高,金10最低,而在根中的可溶性蛋白含量则是金10最高,大10最低;育711号叶中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性极显著高于金10和大10,而大10根和皮中的SOD活性相对较低;育711号和金10根中的过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著高于大10,而大10叶中POD具有较高的活性;育711号根中的丙二醛(MDA)含量增幅显著高于金10和大10。研究结果表明,在盐胁迫下,大10扦插苗根和叶中的渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性均较为稳定,叶圆片失绿程度最低,而育711号不同组织渗透调节物质的积累显著增加,抗氧化酶活性提高。据此评价3个桑树品种对盐害的耐受能力由高到低依次为大10、金10、育711号。
Determining the physiological and biochemical indexes of plant under salt stress is one of the methods to evaluate the salt tolerance of plant. Potted plantlets generated from greenwood cuttings and in vitro leaves of three practical mulberry varieties were treated with 300 mmol/L Na Cl solution. The foliation under salt stress was observed and the content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity were measured. The loss degree of green coloration under salt stress in the leaf of these three varieties was in the ascending order of Da 10,Jin 10 and Yu 711. After 4 d under salt stress,the content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity in root,bark and leaf of different mulberry varieties had significant difference. After Na Cl treatment,the contents of proline in different organs of three mulberry varieties were all increased and the increment of proline content in Yu 711 and Jin 10 was significantly higher than that in Da 10. The soluble protein content in bark and leaf was the highest in Yu 711 and the lowest in Jin 10. The soluble protein content in root was the highest in Jin 10 and the lowest in Da 10. The superoxide dismutase( SOD) activity in leaf of Yu 711 was significantly higher than that in Jin 10 and Da 10. Besides,the SOD activity in root and bark of Da 10 was kept at a low level. The peroxidase( POD) activity in root of Yu 711 and Jin 10 was significantly lower than that of Da 10,whereas it was kept at a high level in leaf of Da 10. The increment of malondialdehyde( MDA) content in root of Yu 711 was significantly higher than that in Da 10 and Jin 10. These results indicated that the content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity in root and leaf of Da 10 were steadier under salt stress,and the loss degree of green coloration was the lowest. The content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity in different tissues of Yu 711 were increased. It was suggested that the salt tolerance from high to low were in the order of Da 10,Jin 10 and Yu 711.
Determining the physiological and biochemical indexes of plant under salt stress is one of the methods to evaluate the salt tolerance of plant. Potted plantlets generated from greenwood cuttings and in vitro leaves of three practical mulberry varieties were treated with 300 mmol/L Na Cl solution. The foliation under salt stress was observed and the content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity were measured. The loss degree of green coloration under salt stress in the leaf of these three varieties was in the ascending order of Da 10,Jin 10 and Yu 711. After 4 d under salt stress,the content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity in root,bark and leaf of different mulberry varieties had significant difference. After Na Cl treatment,the contents of proline in different organs of three mulberry varieties were all increased and the increment of proline content in Yu 711 and Jin 10 was significantly higher than that in Da 10. The soluble protein content in bark and leaf was the highest in Yu 711 and the lowest in Jin 10. The soluble protein content in root was the highest in Jin 10 and the lowest in Da 10. The superoxide dismutase( SOD) activity in leaf of Yu 711 was significantly higher than that in Jin 10 and Da 10. Besides,the SOD activity in root and bark of Da 10 was kept at a low level. The peroxidase( POD) activity in root of Yu 711 and Jin 10 was significantly lower than that of Da 10,whereas it was kept at a high level in leaf of Da 10. The increment of malondialdehyde( MDA) content in root of Yu 711 was significantly higher than that in Da 10 and Jin 10. These results indicated that the content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity in root and leaf of Da 10 were steadier under salt stress,and the loss degree of green coloration was the lowest. The content of osmotic regulative substances and antioxidase activity in different tissues of Yu 711 were increased. It was suggested that the salt tolerance from high to low were in the order of Da 10,Jin 10 and Yu 711.
引文
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[5]REN Y H.Protective enzyme activity and physiological properties of four mulberry varieties affected by drought stress in the Panxi Region of Sichuan Province,China[J].For Stud China,2009,11(3):190-195
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[12]AGASTIAN S T P,VIVEKANANDAN M.Effect of induced salt stress on growth and uptake of mineral nutrients in mulberry(Morus alba)genotypes[J].Indian J Agric Sci,1997,67(10):469-472
[13]李卫国,宋尚文,孙明高,等.盐分胁迫对桑树叶片中渗透调节物质含量的影响[J].蚕业科学,2010,36(2):313-318
[14]程嘉翎,肖龙云,汪萍,等.一种苗木的立体育苗方法及其产品:200710132106.7[P].2010-06-02
[15]DAHRO B,WANG F,PENG T,et al.Ptr A/NINV,an alkaline/neutral invertase gene of Poncirus trifoliata,confers enhanced tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses by modulating ROS levels and maintaining photosynthetic efficiency[J/OL].BMC Plant Biol,2016,16:76[2017-12-01].https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27025596.DOI:10.1186/s12870-016-0761-0
[16]BATES L S,WALDREN R P,TEARE I D.Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies[J].Plant Soil,1973,39(1):205-207
[17]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:184-185
[18]DURAK I,YURTARSLANL Z,CANBOLAT O,et al.A methodological approach to superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity assay based on inhibition of nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)reduction[J].Clin Chim Acta,1993,214(1):103-104
[19]DRAGISIC MAKSIMOVIC J,MOJOVIC M,MAKSIMOVIC V,etal.Silicon ameliorates manganese toxicity in cucumber by decreasing hydroxyl radical accumulation in the leaf apoplast[J].J Exp Bot,2012,63(7):2411-2420
[20]JANERO D R.Malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid-reactivity as diagnostic indices of lipid peroxidation and peroxidative tissue injury[J].Free Radic Biol Med,1990,9(6):515-540
[21]APEL K,HIRT H.Reactive oxygen species:metabolism,oxidative stress,and signal transduction[J].Annu Rev Plant Biol,2004,55:373-399
[22]FARHANGI-ABRIZ S,TORABIAN S.Antioxidant enzyme and osmotic adjustment changes in bean seedlings as affected by biochar under salt stress[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2017,137:64-70
[23]陈亚宁,李卫红,陈亚鹏,等.新疆塔里木河下游河道生态输水对植被生理的影响研究[J].自然科学进展,2004,14(6):665-671
[24]DIONISIO-SESE M L,TOBITA S.Antioxidant responses of rice seedlings to salinity stress[J].Plant Sci,1998,135(1):1-9
[25]KUMAR S G,MADHUSUDHAN K V,SREENIVASULU N,et al.Stress responses in two genotypes of mulberry(Morus alba L.)under Na Cl salinity[J].Indian J Exp Biol,2000,38(2):192-195
[26]SREENIVASULU N,RAMANJULU S,RAMACHANDRA-KINI K,et al.Total peroxidase activity and peroxidase isoforms as modified by salt stress in two cultivars of fox-tail millet with differential salt tolerance[J].Plant Sci,1999,141(1):1-9
[27]SUDHAKAR C,LAKSHMI A,GIRIDARAKUMAR S.Changes in the antioxidant enzyme efficacy in two high yielding genotypes of mulberry(Morus alba L.)under Na Cl salinity[J].Plant Sci,2001,161(3):613-619
[28]KIANI S P,GRIEU P,MAURY P,et al.Genetic variability for physiological traits under drought conditions and differential expression of water stress-associated genes in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)[J].Theor Appl Genet,2007,114(2):193-207
[29]CHAVES M M,MAROCO J P,PEREIRA J S.Understanding plant responses to drought—from genes to the whole plant[J].Funct Plant Biol,2003,30(3):239-264
[30]TROVATO M,MATTIOLI R,COSTANTINO P.Multiple roles of proline in plant stress tolerance and development[J].Rend Lincei,2008,19(4):325-346
[31]NOUNJAN N,NGHIA P T,THEERAKULPISUT P.Exogenous proline and trehalose promote recovery of rice seedlings from saltstress and differentially modulate antioxidant enzymes and expression of related genes[J].J Plant Physiol,2012,169(6):596-604
[32]LIU X,CHI H,YUE M,et al.The regulation of exogenous jasmonic acid on UV-B stress tolerance in wheat[J].J Plant Growth Regul,2012,31(3):436-447
[33]LI J T,QIU Z B,ZHANG X W,et al.Exogenous hydrogen peroxide can enhance tolerance of wheat seedlings to salt stress[J].Acta Physiol Plant,2010,33(3):835-842
[34]ZHANG Z,WANG J,ZHANG R,et al.The ethylene response factor At ERF98 enhances tolerance to salt through the transcriptional activation of ascorbic acid synthesis in Arabidopsis[J].Plant J,2012,71(2):273-287
[2]王海凤,新楠,吴仙花,等.甜高粱育种的现状、问题与对策[J].作物杂志,2013(2):23-26
[3]LIU C Y,LIU X Q,LONG D P,et al.De novo assembly of mulberry(Morus alba L.)transcriptome and identification of candidate unigenes related to salt stress responses[J].Russ J Plant Physiol,2017,64(5):738-748
[4]CHAITANYA K V,RASINENI G K,REDDY A R.Biochemical responses to drought stress in mulberry(Morus alba L.):evaluation of proline,glycine betaine and abscisic acid accumulation in five cultivars[J].Acta Physiol Plant,2009,31(3):437-443
[5]REN Y H.Protective enzyme activity and physiological properties of four mulberry varieties affected by drought stress in the Panxi Region of Sichuan Province,China[J].For Stud China,2009,11(3):190-195
[6]刘岩,计东风,朱燕,等.超表达桑树Ma NHX1和拟南芥AVP1基因增强拟南芥耐盐性的研究[J].蚕业科学,2016,42(3):386-392
[7]徐宁,俞燕芳,毛平生,等.桑树修复土壤重金属污染的研究进展[J].农学学报,2015,5(1):37-40
[8]于翠,胡兴明,邓文,等.桑树耐盐性研究进展[J].蚕桑通报,2012,43(2):6-9
[9]柯裕州,周金星,卢楠,等.盐胁迫对桑树幼苗光合生理及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2009,45(8):61-66
[10]张国英,谈建中,刘美娟.盐胁迫对桑种子发芽及幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].蚕业科学,2004,30(2):191-194
[11]HARINASUT P,POONSOPA D,ROENGMONGKOL K,et al.Salinity effects on antioxidant enzymes in mulberry cultivar[J].Science Asia,2003,29(10):109-113
[12]AGASTIAN S T P,VIVEKANANDAN M.Effect of induced salt stress on growth and uptake of mineral nutrients in mulberry(Morus alba)genotypes[J].Indian J Agric Sci,1997,67(10):469-472
[13]李卫国,宋尚文,孙明高,等.盐分胁迫对桑树叶片中渗透调节物质含量的影响[J].蚕业科学,2010,36(2):313-318
[14]程嘉翎,肖龙云,汪萍,等.一种苗木的立体育苗方法及其产品:200710132106.7[P].2010-06-02
[15]DAHRO B,WANG F,PENG T,et al.Ptr A/NINV,an alkaline/neutral invertase gene of Poncirus trifoliata,confers enhanced tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses by modulating ROS levels and maintaining photosynthetic efficiency[J/OL].BMC Plant Biol,2016,16:76[2017-12-01].https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27025596.DOI:10.1186/s12870-016-0761-0
[16]BATES L S,WALDREN R P,TEARE I D.Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies[J].Plant Soil,1973,39(1):205-207
[17]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:184-185
[18]DURAK I,YURTARSLANL Z,CANBOLAT O,et al.A methodological approach to superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity assay based on inhibition of nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)reduction[J].Clin Chim Acta,1993,214(1):103-104
[19]DRAGISIC MAKSIMOVIC J,MOJOVIC M,MAKSIMOVIC V,etal.Silicon ameliorates manganese toxicity in cucumber by decreasing hydroxyl radical accumulation in the leaf apoplast[J].J Exp Bot,2012,63(7):2411-2420
[20]JANERO D R.Malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid-reactivity as diagnostic indices of lipid peroxidation and peroxidative tissue injury[J].Free Radic Biol Med,1990,9(6):515-540
[21]APEL K,HIRT H.Reactive oxygen species:metabolism,oxidative stress,and signal transduction[J].Annu Rev Plant Biol,2004,55:373-399
[22]FARHANGI-ABRIZ S,TORABIAN S.Antioxidant enzyme and osmotic adjustment changes in bean seedlings as affected by biochar under salt stress[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2017,137:64-70
[23]陈亚宁,李卫红,陈亚鹏,等.新疆塔里木河下游河道生态输水对植被生理的影响研究[J].自然科学进展,2004,14(6):665-671
[24]DIONISIO-SESE M L,TOBITA S.Antioxidant responses of rice seedlings to salinity stress[J].Plant Sci,1998,135(1):1-9
[25]KUMAR S G,MADHUSUDHAN K V,SREENIVASULU N,et al.Stress responses in two genotypes of mulberry(Morus alba L.)under Na Cl salinity[J].Indian J Exp Biol,2000,38(2):192-195
[26]SREENIVASULU N,RAMANJULU S,RAMACHANDRA-KINI K,et al.Total peroxidase activity and peroxidase isoforms as modified by salt stress in two cultivars of fox-tail millet with differential salt tolerance[J].Plant Sci,1999,141(1):1-9
[27]SUDHAKAR C,LAKSHMI A,GIRIDARAKUMAR S.Changes in the antioxidant enzyme efficacy in two high yielding genotypes of mulberry(Morus alba L.)under Na Cl salinity[J].Plant Sci,2001,161(3):613-619
[28]KIANI S P,GRIEU P,MAURY P,et al.Genetic variability for physiological traits under drought conditions and differential expression of water stress-associated genes in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)[J].Theor Appl Genet,2007,114(2):193-207
[29]CHAVES M M,MAROCO J P,PEREIRA J S.Understanding plant responses to drought—from genes to the whole plant[J].Funct Plant Biol,2003,30(3):239-264
[30]TROVATO M,MATTIOLI R,COSTANTINO P.Multiple roles of proline in plant stress tolerance and development[J].Rend Lincei,2008,19(4):325-346
[31]NOUNJAN N,NGHIA P T,THEERAKULPISUT P.Exogenous proline and trehalose promote recovery of rice seedlings from saltstress and differentially modulate antioxidant enzymes and expression of related genes[J].J Plant Physiol,2012,169(6):596-604
[32]LIU X,CHI H,YUE M,et al.The regulation of exogenous jasmonic acid on UV-B stress tolerance in wheat[J].J Plant Growth Regul,2012,31(3):436-447
[33]LI J T,QIU Z B,ZHANG X W,et al.Exogenous hydrogen peroxide can enhance tolerance of wheat seedlings to salt stress[J].Acta Physiol Plant,2010,33(3):835-842
[34]ZHANG Z,WANG J,ZHANG R,et al.The ethylene response factor At ERF98 enhances tolerance to salt through the transcriptional activation of ascorbic acid synthesis in Arabidopsis[J].Plant J,2012,71(2):273-287