新疆库车坳陷古近系膏泥岩层分层特征及沉积演化分析
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摘要
库车坳陷古近系库姆格列木群下部的膏泥岩段存在明显的分层特征,根据岩性序列变化将其划分为5个亚段,自上而下依次为第1亚段(上泥岩段)、第2亚段(上化学岩段)、第3亚段(中泥岩段)、第4亚段(下化学岩段)、第5亚段(下泥岩段)。该岩性序列在克拉苏构造带不同部位发育程度不同,东部的克深-克拉地区发育第1~3亚段,仅西部DB303井附近发育完整的5个亚段。通过解剖各亚段内部岩性特征,明确其分布规律,并对库姆格列木群沉积初期的古地貌和沉积环境进行初步探讨,确立各亚段原始沉积演化序列和沉积模式。研究认为:(1)库姆格列木群沉积时期古地貌为东高西低,地貌幅度小;(2)膏泥岩段沉积序列呈碎屑岩-化学岩交替发育特征,受古地貌影响,不同地区发育的岩性序列旋回个数不同,但岩性序列变化规律相同。
In terms of lithologic sequences,the gypsum mudstones in the lower part of the Palaeogene Kumugeliemu Group in the Kuqa depression,Xinjiang are divided,from top to bottom,into five lithologic submembers :(1) No.1 submember,i. e. the upper mudstone submember dominated by brown mudstone;(2) No. 2 submember,i. e. the upper chemical rock submember dominated by gypsolith and salt rocks;( 3) No. 3 submember,i. e. the middle mudstone submember;(4) No. 4 submember,i. e. the lower chemical rock submember dominated by gyposlith and salt rocks intercalated with dolostone, and limestone,and( 5) No. 5 submember,i. e. the lower mudstone submember dominated by mudstones. The approaches to the palaeogeomorphological features and sedimentary evolution of the Kumugeliemu Group in this study lead to the proposition of the sedimentary models for individual submembers of the gypsum mudstones in the lower part of the Palaeogene Kumugeliemu Group,and restoration of the palaeogeomorphological and sedimentary features during the early stages of the deposition of the Kumugeliemu Group.
In terms of lithologic sequences,the gypsum mudstones in the lower part of the Palaeogene Kumugeliemu Group in the Kuqa depression,Xinjiang are divided,from top to bottom,into five lithologic submembers :(1) No.1 submember,i. e. the upper mudstone submember dominated by brown mudstone;(2) No. 2 submember,i. e. the upper chemical rock submember dominated by gypsolith and salt rocks;( 3) No. 3 submember,i. e. the middle mudstone submember;(4) No. 4 submember,i. e. the lower chemical rock submember dominated by gyposlith and salt rocks intercalated with dolostone, and limestone,and( 5) No. 5 submember,i. e. the lower mudstone submember dominated by mudstones. The approaches to the palaeogeomorphological features and sedimentary evolution of the Kumugeliemu Group in this study lead to the proposition of the sedimentary models for individual submembers of the gypsum mudstones in the lower part of the Palaeogene Kumugeliemu Group,and restoration of the palaeogeomorphological and sedimentary features during the early stages of the deposition of the Kumugeliemu Group.
引文
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[6]郭宪璞,丁孝忠,何希贤,等.塔里木盆地中新生代海侵和海相地层研究的新进展[J].地质学报,2002,16(3):299-307.
[7]绍龙义,何志平,顾家裕,等.塔里木盆地古近纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2006,8(3):353-364.
[8]刘春,张惠良,张荣虎,等.库车坳陷古近系白云岩地球化学特征及成因[J].沉积学报,2010,28(3):518-524.
[9]刘景彦,林畅松,赖兴运,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷古近系库姆格列木群底砂岩段沉积古地理和物源体系[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2008,27(6):538-546.
[10]唐敏,任永国,曹养同.库车盆地古近纪—新近纪蒸发岩沉积演化特征及其资源效应初步探讨[J].盐湖研究,2012,20(3):1-8.
[11]刘辰生,郭建华.宽浅型湖盆层序地层学研究:以塔里木盆地古近系为例[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(9):3535-3541.
[12]曹养同,刘成林,杨海军,等.新疆库车盆地古近系—新近系蒸发岩沉积旋回识别及对比[J].古地理学报,2010,12(1):31-41.
[13]张奇,徐亮,金小林,等.川东地区嘉陵江组四段膏盐岩分布的沉积环境分析[J].盐湖研究,2009,17(4):1-5.
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