Ni/硅橡胶复合材料压敏性及介电性质
|
摘要
采用不同粒径Ni粉与硅橡胶(110型)按质量比2.8∶1制成Ni/硅橡胶复合材料,测量其压敏导电性及介电性质。结果表明,填料粒径<300 nm的Ni/硅橡胶复合材料导电压敏性显著减小,交流电导率、介电常数、介电损耗也变小,且随频率基本没有变化。当粒度很小时,金属颗粒会由导体向绝缘体转变且与温度有关。实验表明,常温下金属镍粉在亚微米尺度就会有显著的小尺寸效应。金属高分子复合材料的研究为探讨金属填料的小尺寸效应提供了一种简便、有效的方法。
Nickel-silicone rubber composites were prepared using nickel powder of different sizes( 0. 15,0. 2,0. 3,3and 18 μm) and silicone rubber at the ratio of 2. 8∶ 1 by weight. The effect of pressure on the piezoresistivity and dielectric properties of the composite samples at room temperature were measured. The results showed that the piezoresistivity of the nickel-silicone rubber composites decreased abruptly as nickel particle size was reduced to less than 0. 3mm.The ac conductivity,dielectric constant and loss of these composites became much lower and showed little frequency dependence. In general,metallic particles would transform into insulator as size of the particles became very small,typically about 10 nm. Our results suggested that there existed a size effect for Ni particles even at sub-mm range. Studying metal-polymer composites provided a simple and effective way in characterizing the size effect of metallic particles.
Nickel-silicone rubber composites were prepared using nickel powder of different sizes( 0. 15,0. 2,0. 3,3and 18 μm) and silicone rubber at the ratio of 2. 8∶ 1 by weight. The effect of pressure on the piezoresistivity and dielectric properties of the composite samples at room temperature were measured. The results showed that the piezoresistivity of the nickel-silicone rubber composites decreased abruptly as nickel particle size was reduced to less than 0. 3mm.The ac conductivity,dielectric constant and loss of these composites became much lower and showed little frequency dependence. In general,metallic particles would transform into insulator as size of the particles became very small,typically about 10 nm. Our results suggested that there existed a size effect for Ni particles even at sub-mm range. Studying metal-polymer composites provided a simple and effective way in characterizing the size effect of metallic particles.
引文
[1]Mu Minfang,Amanda M Walker,John M Torkelson,et al.Cellular structures of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix improve properties relative to composites with dispersed nanotubes[J].Polymer,2008,49(5):1332–1337.
[2]Azulay D,Eylon M,Eshkenazi O,et al.Electrical-thermal switching in carbon-black-polymer composites as a local effect[J].Phys Rev Lett,2003,90(23):2366011-2366014.
[3]Bloor D,Donnelly K,Hands P J,et al.A metal-polymer composite with unusual properties[J].J Phys D,2005,38(16):2851-2860.
[4]Martin J E,Anderson R A,Odinek J,et al.Controlling percolation in field-structured particle composites:observations of giant thermoresistance,piezoresistance,and chemiresistance[J].Phys Rev B,2003,67(9):094207-094217.
[5]Song Guilin,Fang Kun,Chang Fanggao.Pressure sensitivity and dielectric properties of Ni/silicone rubber composite[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2009,26(2):37-40.
[6]Chang Fanggao,Wang Shaoxiang,Yangfeng,et al.A pressure sensitive superconductor-metal-polymer composite[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2008,39(11):1847-1849.
[7]Chang F G,Yang F,Zhang N,et al.Enhanced piezoresistivity in Ni/silicone rubber composites[J].Chinese Phys B,2009,18(2):652-657.
[8]韩宝忠,韩宝国,张坤,等.镍粉粒子形态对硅橡胶基复合材料拉敏性的影响[J].稀有金属材料工程,2008,37(12):2226-2230.
[9]Han Baozhong,Han Baoguo,Zhang Kun,et al.The influence of nickel particles shape on pull sensitivity of Ni/silicone rybber[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2008,37(12):2226-2230.
[10]Wang S F,Ogale A A.Continuum space simulation and experimental characterization of electrical percolation behaviour of particulate composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,1993,46:93-103.
[11]Chen L,Chen G H,Lu L.Piezoresistive behavior study on finger-sensing silicone rubber/graphite nanosheet nanocomposites[J].Adv Funct Mater,2007,17:898-904.
[12]Hu W Y,Zhao L H,Wu L J,et al.Force-sensitive resistor of carbon-filled liquid silicone rubber[J].Appl Phys,1996,79:866-870.
[13]Hu Wangyu,Wang Linling,Wu Lijun,et al.Study on the conductive mechanism in liquid silicon rubber with carbon black fillers[J].Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering,1995,11:106-108.
[14]Wang P,Ding T H.Creep of electrical resistance under uniaxial pressures for carbon black-silicone rubber composite[J].Mater Sci,2010,45:3595-3601.
[15]Xu Man,Feng Junqiang,Cao Xiaolong.Dielectric property of nano silver/epoxy resin composite[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2009,29(4):117-122.
[16]Song Hongsong,Liu Dabo.Preparation of graphene and the research of dielectric properties of praphene/PVDF composite[J].Chemical Engineer,2011,8:01-03.
[17]河南师范大学.一种压敏导电橡胶及其制备方法[P].中国专利:101108916,2008-01-23.
[18]徐云龙,赵崇军,钱秀珍.纳米材料学概论[M].上海:华东理工大学出版社,2008.16-18.
[19]Feng Junqiang,Xu Man,Zheng Xiaoqaun,et al.The preparation and electrical property of Ag/PVA nano-polymer matrix composite[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2004,24(6):92-95.
[20]Xu man,Feng Junqiang,Cao Xiaolong.Dielectric property of nano silver/epoxy resin composite[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2008,16-18.
[21]Chang Fanggao,Sun Zhenxing,Fu Hepeng,et al.Influence of Ni particle size on the piezoresistivity and dielectric properties of Ni/silicone rubber composite[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2011,28(4):52-57.
[2]Azulay D,Eylon M,Eshkenazi O,et al.Electrical-thermal switching in carbon-black-polymer composites as a local effect[J].Phys Rev Lett,2003,90(23):2366011-2366014.
[3]Bloor D,Donnelly K,Hands P J,et al.A metal-polymer composite with unusual properties[J].J Phys D,2005,38(16):2851-2860.
[4]Martin J E,Anderson R A,Odinek J,et al.Controlling percolation in field-structured particle composites:observations of giant thermoresistance,piezoresistance,and chemiresistance[J].Phys Rev B,2003,67(9):094207-094217.
[5]Song Guilin,Fang Kun,Chang Fanggao.Pressure sensitivity and dielectric properties of Ni/silicone rubber composite[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2009,26(2):37-40.
[6]Chang Fanggao,Wang Shaoxiang,Yangfeng,et al.A pressure sensitive superconductor-metal-polymer composite[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2008,39(11):1847-1849.
[7]Chang F G,Yang F,Zhang N,et al.Enhanced piezoresistivity in Ni/silicone rubber composites[J].Chinese Phys B,2009,18(2):652-657.
[8]韩宝忠,韩宝国,张坤,等.镍粉粒子形态对硅橡胶基复合材料拉敏性的影响[J].稀有金属材料工程,2008,37(12):2226-2230.
[9]Han Baozhong,Han Baoguo,Zhang Kun,et al.The influence of nickel particles shape on pull sensitivity of Ni/silicone rybber[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2008,37(12):2226-2230.
[10]Wang S F,Ogale A A.Continuum space simulation and experimental characterization of electrical percolation behaviour of particulate composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,1993,46:93-103.
[11]Chen L,Chen G H,Lu L.Piezoresistive behavior study on finger-sensing silicone rubber/graphite nanosheet nanocomposites[J].Adv Funct Mater,2007,17:898-904.
[12]Hu W Y,Zhao L H,Wu L J,et al.Force-sensitive resistor of carbon-filled liquid silicone rubber[J].Appl Phys,1996,79:866-870.
[13]Hu Wangyu,Wang Linling,Wu Lijun,et al.Study on the conductive mechanism in liquid silicon rubber with carbon black fillers[J].Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering,1995,11:106-108.
[14]Wang P,Ding T H.Creep of electrical resistance under uniaxial pressures for carbon black-silicone rubber composite[J].Mater Sci,2010,45:3595-3601.
[15]Xu Man,Feng Junqiang,Cao Xiaolong.Dielectric property of nano silver/epoxy resin composite[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2009,29(4):117-122.
[16]Song Hongsong,Liu Dabo.Preparation of graphene and the research of dielectric properties of praphene/PVDF composite[J].Chemical Engineer,2011,8:01-03.
[17]河南师范大学.一种压敏导电橡胶及其制备方法[P].中国专利:101108916,2008-01-23.
[18]徐云龙,赵崇军,钱秀珍.纳米材料学概论[M].上海:华东理工大学出版社,2008.16-18.
[19]Feng Junqiang,Xu Man,Zheng Xiaoqaun,et al.The preparation and electrical property of Ag/PVA nano-polymer matrix composite[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2004,24(6):92-95.
[20]Xu man,Feng Junqiang,Cao Xiaolong.Dielectric property of nano silver/epoxy resin composite[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2008,16-18.
[21]Chang Fanggao,Sun Zhenxing,Fu Hepeng,et al.Influence of Ni particle size on the piezoresistivity and dielectric properties of Ni/silicone rubber composite[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2011,28(4):52-57.