奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验
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摘要
为深入了解内蒙古自治区、河北省、黑龙江省、上海市和山东省奶牛体内金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况,从5个省市自治区共收集247份患乳房炎奶牛乳样,进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离。通过染色镜检、PCR和微量肉汤稀释法鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌并检测其耐药性。结果表明金黄色葡萄球菌分离率12.15%。所分离得到金黄色葡萄球菌对氨曲南的耐药率最高,达到了100%;其次为青霉素(80%)、氧氟沙星(43.33%)、头孢西丁(43.33%)和美罗培南(43.33%),耐药率均高于40%。耐药率低于10%的为万古霉素(全部敏感)、苯唑西林(全部敏感)、利奈唑胺(全部敏感)、阿莫西林-克拉维酸(全部敏感)、氯霉素(3.33%)、复方新诺明(3.33%)、利福平(6.67%)和环丙沙星(6.67%)。检测结果为奶牛乳房炎的防控和临床用药提供了参考依据。
In order to investigate the epidemic situation of Staphylococcus aureus, 247 milk samples were collected from dairy cow mastitis cases in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Shanghai and Hebei provinces. Total 30 strains of S. aureus were isolated and identified by staining microscopy, PCR and micro broth dilution method. Drug tests on these isolates revealed the varying resistance to the following antibiotics: aztreonam(100%), penicillin(80%), ofloxacin(43.33%), meropenem and cefoxitin(43.33%), Rifampicin and Ciprofloxacin(6.67%), chloromycetin and cotrimoxazole(3.33%). All isolates were susceptible for vancomycin, oxacillin, linezolid and ogomintine. These results provided useful information for the treatment and control of dairy cow mastitis.
In order to investigate the epidemic situation of Staphylococcus aureus, 247 milk samples were collected from dairy cow mastitis cases in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Shanghai and Hebei provinces. Total 30 strains of S. aureus were isolated and identified by staining microscopy, PCR and micro broth dilution method. Drug tests on these isolates revealed the varying resistance to the following antibiotics: aztreonam(100%), penicillin(80%), ofloxacin(43.33%), meropenem and cefoxitin(43.33%), Rifampicin and Ciprofloxacin(6.67%), chloromycetin and cotrimoxazole(3.33%). All isolates were susceptible for vancomycin, oxacillin, linezolid and ogomintine. These results provided useful information for the treatment and control of dairy cow mastitis.
引文
[1]潘海婷.基于乳腺上皮FcRn胞吞转运途径的金黄色葡萄球菌多价毒力因子疫苗设计及其诱导免疫应答效果的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2015.
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[12]王秋东,刘琪,董志民,等.内蒙古部分地区致奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌和产色葡萄球菌的分子流行病学及耐药性研究[J].中国预防兽医学报, 2017,39(4):257-261.
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[2]KayitsingaJ,ScheweRL,ContrerasGA, etal.Antimicrobial treatment of clinical mastitis in the eastern United States:the influence of dairy farmers'mastitis management and treatment behavior and attitudes[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2017, 100(2):1388-1407.
[3]Down P M, Bradley A J, Breen J E, et al. A Bayesian micro-simulation to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of interventions for mastitis control during the dry period in UK dairy herds[J]. Prev Vet Med, 2016, 133:64-72.
[4]Swinkels J M, Hilkens A, Zoche-Golob V, et al. Social influences on the duration of antibiotic treatment of clinical mastitis in dairy cows[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2015, 98(4):2369-2380.
[5]郝璐.奶牛乳房炎多价疫苗的制备及其免疫学特性研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2012.
[6]王亚男.芦丁对金黄色葡萄球菌Sortase A抑制作用的初步研究[D].长春:吉林大学, 2013.
[7]李新圃,李宏胜,罗金印,等.奶牛乳房炎致病菌的分离鉴定及耐药性研究[J].动物医学进展, 2015, 36(11):36-39.
[8]Tian J, Zhang J, Yang J, et al. Conjugated polymers act synergistically with antibiotics to combat bacterial drug resistance[J]. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9(22):18512-18520.
[9]张纯萍,宋立,吴辰斌,等.我国动物源细菌耐药性监测系统简介[J].中国动物检疫, 2017, 34(3):34-38.
[10]唐吉思,吴金花,布日额,等.牛乳腺炎金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A基因的克隆及序列分析[J].中国动物传染病学报, 2011, 19(3):38-42.
[11]王俊辉,董淑珍,付志新,等.奶牛隐性乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定[J].动物医学进展, 2010, 31(11):119-122.
[12]王秋东,刘琪,董志民,等.内蒙古部分地区致奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌和产色葡萄球菌的分子流行病学及耐药性研究[J].中国预防兽医学报, 2017,39(4):257-261.
[13]徐佳.奶牛乳腺炎葡萄球菌种类、毒力基因及抗性基因与耐药性的调查分析[D].扬州:扬州大学, 2016.