食管癌高发区农村居民饮食状况调查及防治分析
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摘要
目的:调查分析食管癌高发区农村居民饮食状况,为食管癌的预防供参考依据。方法:用自制问卷对盐亭县3个乡镇20岁以上农村居民的饮食状况进行走访入户调查。结果:调查有效问卷共937人,男性491人(52. 4%),女性446人(47. 6%),平均年龄(52. 8±17. 6)岁。饮用自来水、深井水及其他类型清洁水源的农村居民分别为674人(71. 9%)、106人(11. 3%)、37人(3. 9%),饮用浅井水、河水的居民分别为54人(5. 8%)、2人(0. 2%)。近一年对水果、豆制品食用频率大的居民分别为356人(38. 0%)、294人(31. 4%),近十年食用频率逐渐变大的居民分别为246人(26. 3%)、175人(18. 7%)。近一年对泡菜、酸菜、腌菜、烧烤、烫热食物食用频率小的居民分别为450人(48. 0%)、437人(46. 6%)、621人(66. 3%)、541人(57. 7%)、443人(47. 3%),近10年食用频率逐渐变小的居民分别为277人(29. 6%)、315人(33. 6%)、328人(35. 0%)、314人(33. 5%)、304人(32. 4%)。14. 5%的居民喜食较硬米饭,17. 2%的居民喜食较咸的菜,46. 5%的居民喜食温度较高的食物,32. 4%的居民进食速度较快。调查的491名男性中有205人(41. 8%)经常吸烟,有190人(38. 7%)经常饮酒。结论:食管癌高发地区的防治工作已有明显成效,但部分农村居民仍存在不良的饮食习惯,我们应进一步加强饮食习惯和一级预防的联系,降低食管癌发病率和死亡率。
Objective: To investigate the dietary status of rural residents in high incidence area of esophageal cancer. Methods: The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the dietary status of rural residents aged over 20 in Yanting County China. Results: There were 937 valid subjects,491 males( 52. 4%) and 446 females( 47. 6%) with an average age of( 52. 8 ± 17. 6) years. There were 674( 71. 9%),106( 11. 3%),37( 3. 9%) of rural residents who had drinking tap water,deep well water and other kinds of clean water,while 54( 5. 8%) and 2( 0. 2%) people drinking shallow water and river water,respectively. In the past ten years,there were 356( 38. 0%) and 294( 31. 4%)of the rural residents who had large frequency of consumption of fruits and soy products,and the residents who had gradually increased their frequency of consumption in the past ten years accounted for 246( 26. 3%),175( 18. 7%).There were 450( 48. 0%),437( 46. 6%),621( 66. 3%),541( 57. 7%) and 443( 47. 3%) of the rural residents who had low frequency of consumption of kimchi,sauerkraut,pickles,barbecue and hot food for nearly one year,and the residents who had gradually decreased their frequency of consumption in the past ten years accounted for 277( 29. 6%),315( 33. 6%),328( 35. 0%),314( 33. 5%),304( 32. 4%). 14. 5% of the residents prefer hard rice,17. 2% of the residents prefer salty dishes,46. 5% of the residents prefer high temperature food,32. 4% of the residents eat faster.Of the 491 men surveyed,205( 41. 8%) had frequent smoking and 190( 38. 7%) had frequent drinking. Conclusion:The prevention and treatment of high incidence of esophageal cancer has been effective. However,some rural residents still have bad eating habits. We should further strengthen the relationship between eating habits and primary prevention,and reduce the rate of esophageal cancer.
Objective: To investigate the dietary status of rural residents in high incidence area of esophageal cancer. Methods: The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the dietary status of rural residents aged over 20 in Yanting County China. Results: There were 937 valid subjects,491 males( 52. 4%) and 446 females( 47. 6%) with an average age of( 52. 8 ± 17. 6) years. There were 674( 71. 9%),106( 11. 3%),37( 3. 9%) of rural residents who had drinking tap water,deep well water and other kinds of clean water,while 54( 5. 8%) and 2( 0. 2%) people drinking shallow water and river water,respectively. In the past ten years,there were 356( 38. 0%) and 294( 31. 4%)of the rural residents who had large frequency of consumption of fruits and soy products,and the residents who had gradually increased their frequency of consumption in the past ten years accounted for 246( 26. 3%),175( 18. 7%).There were 450( 48. 0%),437( 46. 6%),621( 66. 3%),541( 57. 7%) and 443( 47. 3%) of the rural residents who had low frequency of consumption of kimchi,sauerkraut,pickles,barbecue and hot food for nearly one year,and the residents who had gradually decreased their frequency of consumption in the past ten years accounted for 277( 29. 6%),315( 33. 6%),328( 35. 0%),314( 33. 5%),304( 32. 4%). 14. 5% of the residents prefer hard rice,17. 2% of the residents prefer salty dishes,46. 5% of the residents prefer high temperature food,32. 4% of the residents eat faster.Of the 491 men surveyed,205( 41. 8%) had frequent smoking and 190( 38. 7%) had frequent drinking. Conclusion:The prevention and treatment of high incidence of esophageal cancer has been effective. However,some rural residents still have bad eating habits. We should further strengthen the relationship between eating habits and primary prevention,and reduce the rate of esophageal cancer.
引文
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[12]Ran Jinjun,Han Lefei,Yang Xiaoyan,et al.The risk dietary factors of esophageal carcinoma:Meta-analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases,2014,22(06):644-647.[冉进军,韩乐飞,杨晓妍,等.食管癌危险饮食因素的Meta分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2014,22(06):644-647.]
[13]Mayne ST,Risch HA,Dubrow R,et al.Nutrient intake and risk of subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2001,10(10):1055-1062.
[14]Freedman ND,Abnet CC,Leitzmann MF,et al.A prospective study of tobacco,alcohol and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes[J].Am J Epidemiol,2007,165:1424-1433.
[15]Guo HL,Zuo SQ,Fang B,et al.A case-control study on the risk factors for esophageal neoplasms[J].Modern Prev Med,2010,37(09):1601-1604.[郭怀兰,左顺庆,方彬,等.食管癌病因的病例对照研究[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(09):1601-1604.]
[16]Prabhu A,Obi KO,Rubenstein JH.The synergistic effects and alcohol and tobacco consumption on the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma:A meta-analysis[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2014,109(6):822-827.
[17]Tian D,He Q,Wang Y,et al.Survey on eating habits of rural residents in high-incidence area of esophageal cancer and their cognition of esophageal cancer[J].Journal of North Sichuan Medical College,2010,25(5):470-473.[田东,贺巧,王洋,等.食管癌高发区农村居民饮食状况及对食管癌认知调查[J].川北医学院学报,2010,25(5):470-473.]
[2]Torre LA,Bray F,Siegel RL,et al.Global cancer statistics,2012[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2015,65:87-108.
[3]Lin Y,Totsuka Y,He Y,et al.Epidemiology of esophageal cancer in Japan and China[J].J Epidemiol,2013,23(4):233-242.
[4]Chen WQ,Zheng RS,He J,et al.Report of cancer incidence and mortality in China,2012[J].China Cancer,2016,25(01):1-8.[陈万青,郑荣寿,赫捷,等.2012年中国恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析[J].中国肿瘤,2016,25(01):1-8.]
[5]Yu X,Zhang T,Zhang H,et al.Comparison of lifestyle and living environment among high risk immigrant and low risk host residents:Implications for esophageal cancer etiology[J].Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2010,11(6):1827-1831.
[6]Song QK,Zhao L,Li J,et al.Adverse effects of preserved vegetables on squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus and precancer lesions in a high risk area[J].Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2013,14(2):659-663.
[7]Rolland D,Raharijaona M,Barbarat A,et al.Inhibition of GST-pi nuclear transfer increases mantle cell lymphoma sensitivity to cisplatin,cytarabine,gemcitabine,bortezomib and doxorubicin[J].Anticancer Res,2010,30(10):3951-3957.
[8]Freedman Neal D,Park Yikyung,Subar Amy F,et al.Fruit and vegetable intake and esophageal cancer in a large prospective cohort study[J].Int J Cancer,2007,121(12):2753-2760.
[9]Wang DF,Yan LL,Lu QB,et al.Quantitative analysis of 15 kinds of non-essential trace elements in the serum of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma[J].Chin J Cancer Prev Treat,2015,22(09):649-654.[王栋芳,闫赖赖,卢庆彬,等.食管鳞癌患者血清15种非必需微量元素定量分析[J].中华肿瘤防治杂志,2015,22(09):649-654.]
[10]Zhou XQ,Li M,Huang CY.Meta-analysis of main dietary factors on esophageal cancer in Chinese people[J].Modern Prev Med,2011,38(07):1207-1210.[周小乔,李鸣,黄承钰.中国人群食管癌主要饮食影响因素的Meta分析[J].现代预防医学,2011,38(07):1207-1210.]
[11]Wu Y,He YT.Etiology of esophageal carcinoma[J].J Esophageal Surg,2014,2(03):114-120.[吴岩,贺宇彤.食管癌病因学[J].食管外科电子杂志,2014,2(03):114-120.]
[12]Ran Jinjun,Han Lefei,Yang Xiaoyan,et al.The risk dietary factors of esophageal carcinoma:Meta-analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases,2014,22(06):644-647.[冉进军,韩乐飞,杨晓妍,等.食管癌危险饮食因素的Meta分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2014,22(06):644-647.]
[13]Mayne ST,Risch HA,Dubrow R,et al.Nutrient intake and risk of subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2001,10(10):1055-1062.
[14]Freedman ND,Abnet CC,Leitzmann MF,et al.A prospective study of tobacco,alcohol and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes[J].Am J Epidemiol,2007,165:1424-1433.
[15]Guo HL,Zuo SQ,Fang B,et al.A case-control study on the risk factors for esophageal neoplasms[J].Modern Prev Med,2010,37(09):1601-1604.[郭怀兰,左顺庆,方彬,等.食管癌病因的病例对照研究[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(09):1601-1604.]
[16]Prabhu A,Obi KO,Rubenstein JH.The synergistic effects and alcohol and tobacco consumption on the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma:A meta-analysis[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2014,109(6):822-827.
[17]Tian D,He Q,Wang Y,et al.Survey on eating habits of rural residents in high-incidence area of esophageal cancer and their cognition of esophageal cancer[J].Journal of North Sichuan Medical College,2010,25(5):470-473.[田东,贺巧,王洋,等.食管癌高发区农村居民饮食状况及对食管癌认知调查[J].川北医学院学报,2010,25(5):470-473.]