2006—2017年南通市职业性噪声聋发病情况
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摘要
目的分析2006—2017年南通市职业性噪声聋的发病情况,为南通市职业性噪声聋的防治提供参考依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2006—2017年南通市职业性噪声聋病例,对职业性噪声聋在不同年份、性别、年龄、工龄、职业史、企业性质以及行业分布等信息进行统计分析。结果 2006—2017年南通市职业性噪声聋92例。其中噪声聋发病例数前3位的是2016年(22例)、2014年(16例)和2017年(14例);占同时期职业病总数的比例最高的前3位依次是2015年8例(占比66.7%)、2008年10例(占比58.8%)和2016年22例(占比47.8%);男性患者(75例)明显高于女性患者(17例);年龄在36~45岁,工龄≥21年所占比例最高;分布在港闸区、崇川区和开发区患者所占的比例明显高于其他地区患者;南通市职业性噪声聋主要集中在制造行业;用人单位主要为私有企业和小型企业。结论 2016—2017年南通市职业性噪声聋发病主要集中在制造行业,职业卫生监管部门应加强对制造行业的监管,加强工艺改革、提高个人防护用品的使用效果,有效地预防和控制职业性噪声聋的发生。
[Objective] To analyze the incidence of occupational noise-induced deafness in Nantong City from 2006-2017,provide reference for prevention and treatment of occupational noise-induced hearing loss in Nantong City. [Methods] The cases of occupational noise-induced deafness in Nantong City were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, to statistically analyze the characteristics in different years, gender, age, length of service, occupational history,enterprise type and industry distribution. [Results] There were 92 cases of occupational noise-induced deafness in Nantong City from 2006-2017. The top three year of case number were 2016(22 cases), 2014(16 cases) and 2017(14 cases). The top three year with highest proportion of occupational noise-induced deafness cases to all occupational diseases in the same period were 8 cases in 2015(66.7%),10 cases in 2008(58.8%) and 22 cases in 2016(47.8%). The male cases(75 cases) were significantly more than the female cases(17 cases). The patients who were aged 36-45 years old and had the working age ≥21 years accounted for the highest proportion. The proportion of patients in Gangzhan District, Chongchuan District and Development Area was significantly higher than that of patients in other districts. The occupational noise-induced deafness cases in Nantong City were mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry, and the employing units were mainly private enterprises and small businesses. [Conclusion] The occupational noise-induced deafness cases in Nantong City are mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry from 2006-2017. The occupational health supervision department should enhance the supervision of the manufacturing industry, strengthen the process reform, improve the use effect of the personal protective equipment, and effectively prevent and control the occurrence of occupational noise-induced deafness.
[Objective] To analyze the incidence of occupational noise-induced deafness in Nantong City from 2006-2017,provide reference for prevention and treatment of occupational noise-induced hearing loss in Nantong City. [Methods] The cases of occupational noise-induced deafness in Nantong City were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, to statistically analyze the characteristics in different years, gender, age, length of service, occupational history,enterprise type and industry distribution. [Results] There were 92 cases of occupational noise-induced deafness in Nantong City from 2006-2017. The top three year of case number were 2016(22 cases), 2014(16 cases) and 2017(14 cases). The top three year with highest proportion of occupational noise-induced deafness cases to all occupational diseases in the same period were 8 cases in 2015(66.7%),10 cases in 2008(58.8%) and 22 cases in 2016(47.8%). The male cases(75 cases) were significantly more than the female cases(17 cases). The patients who were aged 36-45 years old and had the working age ≥21 years accounted for the highest proportion. The proportion of patients in Gangzhan District, Chongchuan District and Development Area was significantly higher than that of patients in other districts. The occupational noise-induced deafness cases in Nantong City were mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry, and the employing units were mainly private enterprises and small businesses. [Conclusion] The occupational noise-induced deafness cases in Nantong City are mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry from 2006-2017. The occupational health supervision department should enhance the supervision of the manufacturing industry, strengthen the process reform, improve the use effect of the personal protective equipment, and effectively prevent and control the occurrence of occupational noise-induced deafness.
引文
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[10]NEITZEL RL,SWINBURN TK,HAMMER MS,et al.Economic impact of hearing loss and reduction of noise-induced hearing loss in the united states[J].J Speech Lang Hear Res,2017,60(1):182-189.
[11]胡凤霞,王瑛,杨海兵,等.对2007年至2016年苏州市职业性噪声聋发病情况的分析[J].当代医药论丛,2017,15(20):33-34.
[2]JAHANIL,MEHRPARVARAH,ESMAILIDEHAJM,et al.The effect of atorvastation preventing noise-induced hearing loss:an experimental study[J].Int J Occup Environ Med,2016,7(1):15-21.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.职业性噪声聋诊断标:GBZ 49-2014[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:1-3.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.中国国家标准化管理委员会.国民经济行业分类:GB/T 4754-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017:1-97.
[5]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理总局.关于划分企业登记注册类型的规定[S/OL].(2011-09-30)[2017-10-31].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2011-11/17/content-1995548.htm.
[6]中华人民共和国国家统计局.统计上大中小微型企业划分办法[S/OL].(2011-09-02)[2017-10-31].http://www.stats.gov.cn/statsinfo/auto2073/201310/t20131031-450691.html.
[7]卞力锋,张佩武,杜复莲.南通市区职业病防治工作现状调查[J].工业卫生与职业病,2009,35(6):384.
[8]BEYAN AC,DEMIRAL Y,CIMRIN AH,et al.Call center and noise-induced hearing loss[J].Noise Health,2016,18(81):113-116.
[9]SUN P,QIN J,CAMPBELL K.Fatigue modeling via mammalian auditory system for prediction of noise induced hearing loss[J/OL].Comput Math Methods Med,2015:753864.http://xueshu.baidu.com/s?wd=Fatigue+modeling+via+mammalian+auditory+system+for+prediction+of+noise+induced+hearing+loss+&rsv_bp=0&tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&rsv_spt=3&ie=utf-8&f=8&rsv_sug2=1&sc_f_para=sc_tasktype%3D%7BfirstSimpleSearch%7D.DOI:10.1155/2015/753864.
[10]NEITZEL RL,SWINBURN TK,HAMMER MS,et al.Economic impact of hearing loss and reduction of noise-induced hearing loss in the united states[J].J Speech Lang Hear Res,2017,60(1):182-189.
[11]胡凤霞,王瑛,杨海兵,等.对2007年至2016年苏州市职业性噪声聋发病情况的分析[J].当代医药论丛,2017,15(20):33-34.