烟草种子和花粉的γ射线适宜诱变剂量探究
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摘要
为了寻求更加简便快捷的γ射线适宜诱变剂量的评价指标,明确γ射线诱变烟草种子和花粉的适宜剂量范围,本研究以250 Gy、350 Gy剂量γ射线诱变368-4Q1、Coker176、K326和红花大金元种子,以50 Gy、100 Gy和150 Gy的γ射线诱变RBST、K326和LY10的花粉,对诱变后种子的发芽势、发芽率、出苗率和花粉授粉后的单果种子重量和出苗率进行测定,结果表明,供试品种7 d发芽势和14 d发芽率与对照相当,诱变剂量间无显著差异,而诱变剂量间的出苗率呈显著差异;21 d出苗率50%可作为烟草种子γ射线适宜诱变剂量的评价指标;不同烟草品种的种子和花粉对γ射线辐射的敏感性不同,用21 d出苗率50%确定烟草种子和花粉的适宜诱变剂量,368-4Q1种子的γ射线适宜诱变剂量应低于250 Gy,Coker176、K326种子的γ射线适宜诱变剂量为250 Gy,红花大金元种子的γ射线适宜诱变剂量为250~300 Gy,K326和LY10花粉的γ射线适宜诱变剂量为0~50 Gy,RBST花粉的γ射线适宜诱变剂量为50~100 Gy。本研究首次提出的以21天出苗率50%作为γ射线适宜诱变剂量的评价指标,更加简单直观;本研究确定的供试品种的种子和花粉的γ射线适宜诱变剂量可为烟草辐射诱变育种提供参考。
γ ray is widely used in crop breeding. In the study, the author determined the appropriate dose range for the seed and pollen of several tobacco varieties. Tobacco seeds of the varieties, including 368-4Q1, Coker176,K326 and Honghuadajinyuan were mutated by γ ray with dose from 200 Gy to 350 Gy. The results showed that the significant difference was observed in the emergence rate between the treatment and control, but not in germination potential and germination rate at 7 days post seeded and 14 days post seeded respectively. Therefore the emergence rate can be used as a suitable evaluation index for γ ray induced mutagenesis of tobacco seeds, and the germination potential and the germination rate are not suitable to be used as the evaluation index of the γ ray dose. The sensitivity to γ ray was different among the tobacco varieties in seed and pollen. If 50% emergence rate of tobacco seeds at 21 days was used as suitable mutagenesis dosage of tobacco seeds and pollen, we found optimum mutagenic dose for 368-4Q1 seed was about 200 Gy, for Coker176 and K326 seed was 250 Gy, and for Honghuadajinyuan seed was 250~300 Gy, respectively. The suitable mutagenic dose for K326 and LY10 pollen was 0~50 Gy, and for RBST pollen was 50~100 Gy respectively.
γ ray is widely used in crop breeding. In the study, the author determined the appropriate dose range for the seed and pollen of several tobacco varieties. Tobacco seeds of the varieties, including 368-4Q1, Coker176,K326 and Honghuadajinyuan were mutated by γ ray with dose from 200 Gy to 350 Gy. The results showed that the significant difference was observed in the emergence rate between the treatment and control, but not in germination potential and germination rate at 7 days post seeded and 14 days post seeded respectively. Therefore the emergence rate can be used as a suitable evaluation index for γ ray induced mutagenesis of tobacco seeds, and the germination potential and the germination rate are not suitable to be used as the evaluation index of the γ ray dose. The sensitivity to γ ray was different among the tobacco varieties in seed and pollen. If 50% emergence rate of tobacco seeds at 21 days was used as suitable mutagenesis dosage of tobacco seeds and pollen, we found optimum mutagenic dose for 368-4Q1 seed was about 200 Gy, for Coker176 and K326 seed was 250 Gy, and for Honghuadajinyuan seed was 250~300 Gy, respectively. The suitable mutagenic dose for K326 and LY10 pollen was 0~50 Gy, and for RBST pollen was 50~100 Gy respectively.
引文
An X.L.,Cai Y.L.,Wang J.G.,Wang G.Q.,and Sun H.Y.,2003Chemical mutagenesis and its application in crop breeding Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences)17(3):239-242(安学丽,蔡一林,王久光,王国强,孙海燕2003,化学诱变及其在农作物育种上应用,核农学报,17(3):239-242)
Chen J.S.,2000,Landscape plant genetics and breeding,Chin Forestry Publishing House,Beijing,China,pp.153-170(程金水,2000,园林植物遗传育种学,中国林业出版社:中国,北京,pp.153-170)
DB53/T112-2004,The local standard of tobacco floating seedling substrate is F,the Local Standard of Yunnan Provinc(DB53/T112-2004烟草漂浮育苗基质地方标准附录F,云南省地方标准)
Dong Z.J.,Dong S.D.,Zhao X.Z.,and Pei R.J.,2005,Space mu tation breeding technique and its prospect in tobacco re search,Zhongguo Yancao Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Tobac co),11(2):35-39(董志坚,董顺德,赵献章,裴瑞杰,2005空间诱变育种技术及其在烟草上的研究前景,中国烟草学报,11(2):35-39)
He L.L.,Zu Y.Q.,Li Y.,and Wu Y.S.,2006,Intraspecific differ ences in physiological responses of different wheat cultivar to enhanced UV-bradiation,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),17(1):163-165(何丽莲,祖艳群,李元,吴渝生,2006,不同小麦品种对UV-B辐射增强响应的生理特性差异,应用生态学报,17(1)163-165)
Jiang L.,Li Y.D.,Liu X.G.,Hao W.Y.,Wang H.,Jin F.X.,and Lin X.F.,2012,Researches and application of EMS mutage nesis in maize breeding in China,Jilin Nongye Kexue(Jour nal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences),37(6):21-24(姜昱,李毅丹,刘相国,郝文媛,王浩,金峰学,林秀锋,2012,EMS诱变技术在我国玉米育种中的研究与应用(综述),吉林农业科学,37(6):21-24)
Jin M.Y.,and Wei W.L.,2008,Study of radiation effect and ap propriate dosage of60Coγray in caper spurge,Zhongguo Youliao Zuowu Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sci ences),30(4):428-432(金梦阳,危文亮,2008,续随子辐射效应研究及适宜辐射剂量预测,中国油料作物学报,30(4):428-432)
Kong G.H.,Liu J.,Ni S.B.,Fan Q.H.,Gong L.D.,Tao L.,Tao L.Chen L.L.,and He X.Y.,2016,Research for proper dose o60Co-γray in macadamia branches radiation breeding,Xi'nan Nongye Xuebao(Journal of Southwest Agriculture),29(1)39-43(孔广红,柳觐,倪书邦,范秋红,宫丽丹,陶亮,陶丽陈丽兰,贺熙勇,2016,澳洲坚果接穗60Coγ射线辐射诱变育种适宜剂量的研究,西南农业学报,29(1):39-43)
Lu L.,Lu J.Y.,Liu J.,and Gao J.F.,2005,Effects of60Coγray ir radiation after mitosis on root tip cells in wheat seeds,Xibe Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest Agricultura University(Natural Sciences)),9(33):57-62(陆璃,吕金印刘军,高俊凤,2005,60Coγ射线辐照对小麦种子根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响,西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),9(33):57-62)
Ma A.H.,Fan P.G.,and Sun J.S.,2005,Research of induction o tetraploid grapes,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Chinese Agri cultural Sciences),38(8):1645-1651(马爱红,范培格,孙建设,2005,四倍体葡萄诱导技术的研究,中国农业科学,38(8):1645-1651)
Ren X.L.,Wang Y.,Shi Y.W.,Wang M.S.,Sun Y.X.,and Wu XY.,2008a,Effects ofγ-ray and Na N3treatments on tobacco seed vigor,Yancao Keji(Tobacco Science&Technology)251(6):52-55(任学良,王轶,史跃伟,王茂胜,孙艳霞,邬晓勇,2008,γ射线与Na N3处理对烟草种子活力的影响烟草科技,251(6):52-55)
Ren X.L.,Wang Y.,Yang C.Y.,Shi Y.W.,and Wang M.S.2008b,Mu tagenic effects of combined treatments ofγ-ray and Na N3on agronomic tobacco characters,Zhongguo Yan cao Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Tobacco),14(1):23-26(任学良,王轶,杨春元,史跃伟,王茂胜,2008b,γ射线与Na N3复合处理对烟草几种主要农艺性状的诱变效应,中国烟草学报,14(1):23-26)
Shi X.H.,Xu X.W.,Yang G.S.,Wang X.R.,Liu K.Y.,Ni J.J.Xiong X.Y.,and Zhong X.H.,2008,Effects of colchicine on Vitis davidii Foex.in morphology,Hu'nan Nongye Daxu Xuebao(Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natura Sciences)),34(6):652-655(石雪晖,徐小万,杨国顺,王先荣,刘昆玉,倪建军,熊兴耀,钟晓红,2008,秋水仙素对刺葡萄植株形态的影响,湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)34(6):652-655)
Su P.,Yang C.M.,Qu J.K.,Yin Y.,Yu X.W.,Zhang J.K.,Huang Q.,Ren Z.B.,and Li W.J.,2015,The research on the isolat ed microspore culture from tobacco material irradiated by the electronic beam,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxu(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(8):1804-1807(苏鹏杨成明,屈建康,殷英,余祥文,张建慧,黄强,任在斌,李文君,2015,电子束辐照诱变烟草材料的小孢子培养研究基因组学与应用生物学,34(8):1804-1807)
Tong D.R.,and Jia X.H.,1991,Mutation of tobacco anther cul ture induced by gamma rays,Heneng Xuebao(Journal o Nuclear Power),5(4):193-198(佟道儒,贾兴华,1991,γ射线诱变烟草花药培养的突变体,核能学报,5(4):193-198)
Tong D.R.,ed,1996,Tobacco breeding,Agricultural Press Chi na,Beijing,China,pp.31-35(佟道儒,编著,1996,烟草育种学,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.31-35)
Wang D.,Ren S.X.,Su J.,Li W.F.,and Wang X.,2004,Applica tion of nuclear technology in radiation breeding of ornamen tal plants.,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultura Sciences),18(6):443-447(王丹,任少雄,苏军,李卫锋,王熙,2004,核技术在观赏植物诱变育种上的应用,核农学报,18(6):443-447)
Wang S.J.,Liu Y.B.,Hu P.,Ru Y,Wang Z.H.,Sun H.C.,Xu F.Z.and Wang Z.D.,2014,Effect ofγ-ray irradiation on th quality indicators of wheat flour,Henongxue Bao(Journal o Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),28(4):611-166(王守经,柳尧波,胡鹏,汝医,王兆华,孙宏春,许方佐,王志东,2014γ射线辐照处理对小麦粉部分品质指标的影响,核农学报,28(4):611-166)
Wen X.F.,ed.,2001,China nuclear science,Henan Science and Technology Press,Zhengzhou,China,pp.34(温贤芳,编著2001,中国核能学,河南科学技术出版社,中国,郑州,pp.34)
Xu G.R.,ed.,1996,Plant mutation breeding science,China Agri culture Press,Beijing,China,pp.18(徐冠仁,编著,1996,植物诱变育种学,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.18)
Xuan P.,Xu L.Y.,Qu S.H.,Yu G.R.,Yin C.R.,and Yue C.F.2000,Techniques of radiation induced haplodid breeding o wheat,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultura Sciences),14(1):17-20(宣朴,徐利远,瞿世洪,余桂容,尹春蓉,岳春芳,2000,小麦单倍体辐射诱变育种技术研究核农学报,14(1):17-20)
Yan Q.C.,ed.,2001,Seed science,Agricultural Press China,Bei jing,China,pp.52-53(颜启传,编著,2001,种子学,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.52-53)
Yang X.H.,and Zhang K.Z.,eds.,2001,Landscape plant breed ing,China Meteorological Press,Beijing,China,64-72(杨晓红,张克中,编著,2001,园林植物育种学,气象出版社中国,北京,pp.64-72)
YC/T 142-1998,Tobacco agronomic characters survey method the People's Republic of China Tobacco Industry Standard(YC/T 142-1998烟草农艺性状调查方法,中华人民共和国烟草行业标准)
Zhai G.W.,Zou G.H.,and Tao Y.Z.,2010,Study of biological ef fect and appropriate dosage of60Co-γray in Sorghum Bicolo(L.)Moench,Zhongguo Nongxue Tongbao(Chinese Agri cultural Science Bulletin),26(8):119-123(翟国伟,邹桂花陶跃之,2010,60Co-γ射线辐照高粱的生物学效应及适宜诱变剂量的研究,中国农学通报,26(8):119-123)
Zheng Y.Y.,Yu X.M.,Suo W.L.,Niu Y.Z.,Deng S.B.,and MW.G.,2015,Study on the change and judgment of tobacco seed maturity,Zhiwu Fenlei Yu Ziyuan Xuebao(Plant Di versity and Resources),37(4):472-478(郑昀晔,禹晓梅,索文龙,牛永志,邓盛斌,马文广,2015,烟草种子成熟变化及判定方法研究,植物分类与资源学报,37(4):472-478)
Zhu L.Y.,Chi S.M.,Liu Z.Z.,and Wang J.H.,2001,Application of ethyl methyl sulfonate(EMS)in the creation of new germplasm of maize,Yumi Kexue(Maize Science),8(1)19-20(祝丽英,池书敏,刘志增,王静华,2001,甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)在创造玉米新种质中的应用,玉米科学,8(1)19-20)
Chen J.S.,2000,Landscape plant genetics and breeding,Chin Forestry Publishing House,Beijing,China,pp.153-170(程金水,2000,园林植物遗传育种学,中国林业出版社:中国,北京,pp.153-170)
DB53/T112-2004,The local standard of tobacco floating seedling substrate is F,the Local Standard of Yunnan Provinc(DB53/T112-2004烟草漂浮育苗基质地方标准附录F,云南省地方标准)
Dong Z.J.,Dong S.D.,Zhao X.Z.,and Pei R.J.,2005,Space mu tation breeding technique and its prospect in tobacco re search,Zhongguo Yancao Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Tobac co),11(2):35-39(董志坚,董顺德,赵献章,裴瑞杰,2005空间诱变育种技术及其在烟草上的研究前景,中国烟草学报,11(2):35-39)
He L.L.,Zu Y.Q.,Li Y.,and Wu Y.S.,2006,Intraspecific differ ences in physiological responses of different wheat cultivar to enhanced UV-bradiation,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),17(1):163-165(何丽莲,祖艳群,李元,吴渝生,2006,不同小麦品种对UV-B辐射增强响应的生理特性差异,应用生态学报,17(1)163-165)
Jiang L.,Li Y.D.,Liu X.G.,Hao W.Y.,Wang H.,Jin F.X.,and Lin X.F.,2012,Researches and application of EMS mutage nesis in maize breeding in China,Jilin Nongye Kexue(Jour nal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences),37(6):21-24(姜昱,李毅丹,刘相国,郝文媛,王浩,金峰学,林秀锋,2012,EMS诱变技术在我国玉米育种中的研究与应用(综述),吉林农业科学,37(6):21-24)
Jin M.Y.,and Wei W.L.,2008,Study of radiation effect and ap propriate dosage of60Coγray in caper spurge,Zhongguo Youliao Zuowu Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sci ences),30(4):428-432(金梦阳,危文亮,2008,续随子辐射效应研究及适宜辐射剂量预测,中国油料作物学报,30(4):428-432)
Kong G.H.,Liu J.,Ni S.B.,Fan Q.H.,Gong L.D.,Tao L.,Tao L.Chen L.L.,and He X.Y.,2016,Research for proper dose o60Co-γray in macadamia branches radiation breeding,Xi'nan Nongye Xuebao(Journal of Southwest Agriculture),29(1)39-43(孔广红,柳觐,倪书邦,范秋红,宫丽丹,陶亮,陶丽陈丽兰,贺熙勇,2016,澳洲坚果接穗60Coγ射线辐射诱变育种适宜剂量的研究,西南农业学报,29(1):39-43)
Lu L.,Lu J.Y.,Liu J.,and Gao J.F.,2005,Effects of60Coγray ir radiation after mitosis on root tip cells in wheat seeds,Xibe Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northwest Agricultura University(Natural Sciences)),9(33):57-62(陆璃,吕金印刘军,高俊凤,2005,60Coγ射线辐照对小麦种子根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响,西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),9(33):57-62)
Ma A.H.,Fan P.G.,and Sun J.S.,2005,Research of induction o tetraploid grapes,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Chinese Agri cultural Sciences),38(8):1645-1651(马爱红,范培格,孙建设,2005,四倍体葡萄诱导技术的研究,中国农业科学,38(8):1645-1651)
Ren X.L.,Wang Y.,Shi Y.W.,Wang M.S.,Sun Y.X.,and Wu XY.,2008a,Effects ofγ-ray and Na N3treatments on tobacco seed vigor,Yancao Keji(Tobacco Science&Technology)251(6):52-55(任学良,王轶,史跃伟,王茂胜,孙艳霞,邬晓勇,2008,γ射线与Na N3处理对烟草种子活力的影响烟草科技,251(6):52-55)
Ren X.L.,Wang Y.,Yang C.Y.,Shi Y.W.,and Wang M.S.2008b,Mu tagenic effects of combined treatments ofγ-ray and Na N3on agronomic tobacco characters,Zhongguo Yan cao Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Tobacco),14(1):23-26(任学良,王轶,杨春元,史跃伟,王茂胜,2008b,γ射线与Na N3复合处理对烟草几种主要农艺性状的诱变效应,中国烟草学报,14(1):23-26)
Shi X.H.,Xu X.W.,Yang G.S.,Wang X.R.,Liu K.Y.,Ni J.J.Xiong X.Y.,and Zhong X.H.,2008,Effects of colchicine on Vitis davidii Foex.in morphology,Hu'nan Nongye Daxu Xuebao(Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natura Sciences)),34(6):652-655(石雪晖,徐小万,杨国顺,王先荣,刘昆玉,倪建军,熊兴耀,钟晓红,2008,秋水仙素对刺葡萄植株形态的影响,湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)34(6):652-655)
Su P.,Yang C.M.,Qu J.K.,Yin Y.,Yu X.W.,Zhang J.K.,Huang Q.,Ren Z.B.,and Li W.J.,2015,The research on the isolat ed microspore culture from tobacco material irradiated by the electronic beam,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxu(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(8):1804-1807(苏鹏杨成明,屈建康,殷英,余祥文,张建慧,黄强,任在斌,李文君,2015,电子束辐照诱变烟草材料的小孢子培养研究基因组学与应用生物学,34(8):1804-1807)
Tong D.R.,and Jia X.H.,1991,Mutation of tobacco anther cul ture induced by gamma rays,Heneng Xuebao(Journal o Nuclear Power),5(4):193-198(佟道儒,贾兴华,1991,γ射线诱变烟草花药培养的突变体,核能学报,5(4):193-198)
Tong D.R.,ed,1996,Tobacco breeding,Agricultural Press Chi na,Beijing,China,pp.31-35(佟道儒,编著,1996,烟草育种学,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.31-35)
Wang D.,Ren S.X.,Su J.,Li W.F.,and Wang X.,2004,Applica tion of nuclear technology in radiation breeding of ornamen tal plants.,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultura Sciences),18(6):443-447(王丹,任少雄,苏军,李卫锋,王熙,2004,核技术在观赏植物诱变育种上的应用,核农学报,18(6):443-447)
Wang S.J.,Liu Y.B.,Hu P.,Ru Y,Wang Z.H.,Sun H.C.,Xu F.Z.and Wang Z.D.,2014,Effect ofγ-ray irradiation on th quality indicators of wheat flour,Henongxue Bao(Journal o Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),28(4):611-166(王守经,柳尧波,胡鹏,汝医,王兆华,孙宏春,许方佐,王志东,2014γ射线辐照处理对小麦粉部分品质指标的影响,核农学报,28(4):611-166)
Wen X.F.,ed.,2001,China nuclear science,Henan Science and Technology Press,Zhengzhou,China,pp.34(温贤芳,编著2001,中国核能学,河南科学技术出版社,中国,郑州,pp.34)
Xu G.R.,ed.,1996,Plant mutation breeding science,China Agri culture Press,Beijing,China,pp.18(徐冠仁,编著,1996,植物诱变育种学,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.18)
Xuan P.,Xu L.Y.,Qu S.H.,Yu G.R.,Yin C.R.,and Yue C.F.2000,Techniques of radiation induced haplodid breeding o wheat,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultura Sciences),14(1):17-20(宣朴,徐利远,瞿世洪,余桂容,尹春蓉,岳春芳,2000,小麦单倍体辐射诱变育种技术研究核农学报,14(1):17-20)
Yan Q.C.,ed.,2001,Seed science,Agricultural Press China,Bei jing,China,pp.52-53(颜启传,编著,2001,种子学,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.52-53)
Yang X.H.,and Zhang K.Z.,eds.,2001,Landscape plant breed ing,China Meteorological Press,Beijing,China,64-72(杨晓红,张克中,编著,2001,园林植物育种学,气象出版社中国,北京,pp.64-72)
YC/T 142-1998,Tobacco agronomic characters survey method the People's Republic of China Tobacco Industry Standard(YC/T 142-1998烟草农艺性状调查方法,中华人民共和国烟草行业标准)
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