山楂水溶性膳食纤维提取工艺及结构研究
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摘要
为开发山楂中的活性功效,研究提取山楂水溶性膳食纤维的影响因素及最佳工艺参数,采用正交试验对山楂水溶性膳食纤维超声波辅助提取工艺进行优化。以山楂水溶性膳食纤维得率为指标,对超声功率、pH值、超声时间、酶添加量进行试验研究。试验结果表明:最佳工艺为超声功率320 W、pH4.4、超声时间11 min、加酶量0.5%,并在最佳工艺的条件下山楂水溶性膳食纤维的得率达到了6.12%,其纯度为91.63%。山楂水溶性膳食纤维通过电镜扫描呈现葡萄状;通过粒径分析其颗粒分布集中,且平均粒径为19.5μm;通过X-衍射分析可以得出其结晶度为13.45%;通过红外分析表明山楂水溶性膳食纤维在3 450 cm~(-1)～2 900 cm~(-1)、2 900 cm~(-1)～2 800 cm~(-1)、1 647 cm~(-1)均有吸收峰,直接印证了其含有羟基、糖类亚甲基、糖醛酸等基团。
In order to develop the active efficacy in hawthorn,the influencing factors and optimal process parameters of extracting hawthorn water-soluble dietary fiber were studied.The optimum extraction conditions of water soluble dietary fiber from hawthorn were determined by single factor test and orthogonal test.The factors order was ultrasonic power,pH,ultrasonic time,amount of added enzyme. The test results showed that the optimal process was ultrasonic power 320 W,pH 4.4,ultrasonic time 11 min and enzyme dosage 0.5 %. Under these conditions its yield reached 6.12 % and its purity was 91.63 %. Scanning by electron microscopy revealed that the water-soluble dietary fiber of hawthorn was grape-like;The particle size distribution was concentrated by particle size analysis,and the average particle diameter was 19.5 μm;X-ray diffraction analysis could be found that the crystallinity was 13.45 %;Infrared analysis showed that the water-soluble dietary fiber of hawthorn had absorption peaks at 3 450 cm~(-1)-2 900 cm~(-1),2 900 cm~(-1)-2 800 cm~(-1) and 1 647 cm~(-1) and it was described as containing a hydroxyl group,a saccharide methylene group,a uronic acid group or the like.
In order to develop the active efficacy in hawthorn,the influencing factors and optimal process parameters of extracting hawthorn water-soluble dietary fiber were studied.The optimum extraction conditions of water soluble dietary fiber from hawthorn were determined by single factor test and orthogonal test.The factors order was ultrasonic power,pH,ultrasonic time,amount of added enzyme. The test results showed that the optimal process was ultrasonic power 320 W,pH 4.4,ultrasonic time 11 min and enzyme dosage 0.5 %. Under these conditions its yield reached 6.12 % and its purity was 91.63 %. Scanning by electron microscopy revealed that the water-soluble dietary fiber of hawthorn was grape-like;The particle size distribution was concentrated by particle size analysis,and the average particle diameter was 19.5 μm;X-ray diffraction analysis could be found that the crystallinity was 13.45 %;Infrared analysis showed that the water-soluble dietary fiber of hawthorn had absorption peaks at 3 450 cm~(-1)-2 900 cm~(-1),2 900 cm~(-1)-2 800 cm~(-1) and 1 647 cm~(-1) and it was described as containing a hydroxyl group,a saccharide methylene group,a uronic acid group or the like.
引文
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[14]于翠芳,赵梅.超声波辅助提取花生壳水溶性膳食纤维工艺研究[J].粮食与油脂,2012(9):24-25
[2]丁莎莎,黄立新,张彩虹,等.油橄榄果渣水不溶性膳食纤维结构表征及体外吸附性能研究[J].食品工业科技,2017,38(3):108-112
[3]Sushil Dhital,Michael J Gidley,Frederick J Warren.Inhibition ofα-amylase activity by cellulose:Kinetic analysis and nutritional implications[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2015,123:305-312
[4]邓泽丽,李洪军,甘奕,等.山楂饮料发酵工艺[J].食品与发酵工业,2015,41(10):86-88
[5]杨光,郝红伟,王唯霖,等.冻干山楂果与山楂膳食纤维对小鼠的润肠通便作用[C].合肥:膳食纤维与健康--达能营养中心第七届学术年会会议论文集,2014
[6]李逸鹤.膳食纤维研究现状及发展趋势[J].现代农业科技,2010(6):349-350
[7]何锦风,郝利民.论膳食纤维[J].食品与发酵工业,1997(5):63-68
[8]汪红,祁玉峰,魏红.酶重量法测定食品中膳食纤维含量方法的改进[J].食品工业科技,2007,28(9):203-204
[9]邱礼平,马细兰,温其标.交联高链磁性淀粉的制备及其结构的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2007,22(1):61-67
[10]伊祖涛,张海艳.糯玉米胚乳淀粉粒的粒度分布特征[J].上海农业学报,2015,31(4):106-107
[11]杨小玲,陈佑宁,赵维,等.红薯抗性淀粉的结构表征及性质测定[J].中国食品添加剂,2017,10(5):153-154
[12]杨雪.超声波法提取玉米皮中水溶性膳食纤维的工艺研究[J].农产品加工.学刊,2008(11):69-70
[13]潘广彦.山楂加工副产品综合利用技术研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2012:69-71
[14]于翠芳,赵梅.超声波辅助提取花生壳水溶性膳食纤维工艺研究[J].粮食与油脂,2012(9):24-25