填料对生物滴滤塔去除市政污水处理厂恶臭气体运行效果的影响
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摘要
以市政水厂粗格栅收集的气体为研究对象,研究了活性炭、火山岩、聚氨酯泡沫、聚丙烯环4种填料在生物滴滤塔中的去除恶臭气体性能,考察了工艺影响因素,并在长期运行中监测了不同填料的压降变化,对填料选择做了探讨.结果表明:1) 4种填料在空床停留时间为20 s时均能对H_2S气体实现100%去除率并保持稳定;聚氨酯泡沫和聚丙烯环填料对VOSC去除率分别达到62. 3%和65. 1%. 2) 4种填料反应器沿垂直高度去除贡献率均为0～0. 3 m最高,分别占据56. 6%、40. 0%、38. 4%及33. 7%. 3)液体滴滤速度为0. 011 m/h,pH=5. 4～7. 3是运行的最佳条件;聚丙烯环受液体滴滤速度影响最小,火山岩抗低p H冲击能力较高. 4)停止反冲洗后,活性炭、火山岩、聚氨酯泡沫填料由于空隙率、空隙直径小而容易造成堵塞,去除率在第220天时下降至60%～80%;而聚丙烯环由于空隙率高、空隙直径大保持了95%以上的去除率,在长期运行中体现出更稳定的去除性能.
Four types of materials including activated carbon,lava,poly urethane foam and poly propylene ring were used as packings for biotrickling filters treating odor from a municipal waste water treatment plant. The performance,influence factors and pressure drops during the long-term operation were investigated. The experimental results show that at empty bed retention time of 20 s,100% removal efficiencies for H_2S are achieved with four types of packing materials; 62. 3% and 65. 1% removal efficiencies for VOSC are achieved when packed with activated carbon and lava. The four contribution rates of reactors removal along the vertical height is mostly given by the part of 0-0. 30 m,accounting for 56. 6%,40. 0%,38. 4%,and 33. 7%,respectively. Trickling liquid velosity of 0. 011 m/h and pH of 5. 4-7. 3 are the best operation conditions for degradation; poly propylene ring is least affected by liquid trickling velocity,and lava presents higher resistance to low p H. When the backwashing is stopped,the removal efficiencies of activated carbon,lava,and poly urethane foam decline to 60%-80% in 220 days due to the low void fraction and small void diameter; otherwise,the removal efficiency of poly prylene ring maintains more than 95% because of the high void fration and large void diameter,showing stable removal performance during the long-term operation.
Four types of materials including activated carbon,lava,poly urethane foam and poly propylene ring were used as packings for biotrickling filters treating odor from a municipal waste water treatment plant. The performance,influence factors and pressure drops during the long-term operation were investigated. The experimental results show that at empty bed retention time of 20 s,100% removal efficiencies for H_2S are achieved with four types of packing materials; 62. 3% and 65. 1% removal efficiencies for VOSC are achieved when packed with activated carbon and lava. The four contribution rates of reactors removal along the vertical height is mostly given by the part of 0-0. 30 m,accounting for 56. 6%,40. 0%,38. 4%,and 33. 7%,respectively. Trickling liquid velosity of 0. 011 m/h and pH of 5. 4-7. 3 are the best operation conditions for degradation; poly propylene ring is least affected by liquid trickling velocity,and lava presents higher resistance to low p H. When the backwashing is stopped,the removal efficiencies of activated carbon,lava,and poly urethane foam decline to 60%-80% in 220 days due to the low void fraction and small void diameter; otherwise,the removal efficiency of poly prylene ring maintains more than 95% because of the high void fration and large void diameter,showing stable removal performance during the long-term operation.
引文
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[2]MUEZZINOGLU A.A study of volatile organic sulfur emissions causing urban odors[J].Chemosphere,2003,51(4):245-252.
[3]VIKRANT K,KAILASA S K,TSANG D C W,et al.Biofiltration of hydrogen sulfide:trends and challenges[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,187:131-147.
[4]GOSTELOW P,PARSONS S A,STUETZ R M.Odour measurements for sewage treatment works[J].Water Research,2001,35(3):579-597.
[5]BURGESS J E,PARSONS S A,STUETZ R M.Developments in odour control and waste gas treatment biotechnology:a review[J].Biotechnology Advances,2001,19(1):35-63.
[6]YANG C,CHEN H,ZENG G,et al.Biomass accumulation and control strategies in gas biofiltration[J].Biotechnology Advances,2010,28(4):531-540.
[7]VON DER SCHULENBURG D A G,PINTELON T R R,PICIOREANU C et al.Three-dimensional simulations of biofilm growth in porous media[J].AICh E Journal,2009,55(2):494-504.
[8]SHAREEFDEEN Z,SINGH A.Biotechnology for odor and air pollution control[M].Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2005.
[9]ANDREASEN R R,NICOLAI R E,POULSEN T G.Pressure drop in biofilters as related to dust and biomass accumulation[J].Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2012,87(6):806-816.
[10]SOLCIA R B,RAMIREZ M,FERNANDEZZ M,et al.Hydrogen sulphide removal from air by biotrickling filter using open-pore polyurethane foam as a carrier[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2014,84:1-8.
[11]JIN Y,VEIGA M C,KENNES C.Autotrophic deodorization of hydrogen sulfide in a biotrickling filter[J].Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2005,80(9):998-1004.
[12]张勇,王淑莹,赵伟华,等.低温对中试AAO-BAF双污泥脱氮除磷系统的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):56-65.ZHANG Y,WANG S Y,ZHAO W H,et al.Effect of low temperature on pilot-scale AAO-BAF two-sludge system.[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(1):56-65.(in Chinese)
[13]张勇,王淑莹,赵伟华,等.中试规模AAO-曝气生物滤池双污泥系统的启动运行[J].化工学报,2015,66(10):4228-4235.ZHANG Y,WANG S Y,ZHAO W H,et al.Start-up of pilot-scale AAO-BAF two-sludge system[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering,2015,66(10):4228-4235.(in Chinese)
[14]ZHANG M,YANG Q,ZHANG J H,et al.Enhancement of denitrifying phosphorus removal and microbial community of long-term operation in an anaerobic anoxic oxic-biological contact oxidation system[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2016,122(4):456-466.
[15]MADAMBA P S,DRISCOLL R H,BUCKLE K A.Bulk density,porosity and resistance to airflow of garlic slices[J].Drying Technology,1994,12(4):937-954.
[16]中国国家标准化管理委员会.压汞法和气体吸附法测定固体材料孔径分布和孔隙度第1部分:压汞法:GB/T21650.1-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[17]中华人民共和国卫生部.居住区大气中硫化氢卫生检验标准方法亚甲蓝分光光度法:GB/T 11742-1989[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1989.
[18]国家环境保护局.水质硫化物的测定亚甲基蓝分光光度法:GB/T 16489-1996[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996.
[19]GABRIEL D,DESHUSSES M A.Retrofitting existing chemical scrubbers to biotrickling filters for H2S emission control.[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2003,100(11):6308-6312.
[20]MORGAN-SAGASTUME F,SLEEP B E,ALLEN D G.Effects of biomass growth on gas pressure drop in biofilters[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2001,127(5):388-396.
[21]涂翔.含硫废气生物过滤中关键影响因素、生物膜形成和微生物群落的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2017.TU X.Regarding biofiltration of waste gases containing sulfur compounds:the critical factors,biofilm formation and microbial community[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2017.(in Chinese)
[22]周光红,项学敏,周集体.火山岩对废水中磷的吸附性能及机理研究[J].辽宁化工,2011,40(8):805-808.ZHOU G H,XIANG X M,ZHOU J T.Performance and mechanism of phosphorus adsorption on the lava from wastewater[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2011,40(8):805-808.(in Chinese)