用于聚合物太阳电池的高性能非富勒烯受体的设计与合成
|
摘要
相比于传统的富勒烯受体,非富勒烯受体具有吸收强和能级易调等优势,因此可实现聚合物太阳电池效率的大幅提升。本专论系统总结了本课题组在非富勒烯受体方面取得的进展,介绍了两种高性能非富勒烯受体的分子设计策略,一是通过在分子内引入二面角和空间位阻作用设计的非平面型小分子受体,二是利用分子内非共价键作用构筑的类似于全稠环体系的平面型小分子受体,较好解决了制约非富勒烯受体性能的关键问题——在本体异质结中形成纳米级相分离与有效分子间π-π共轭之间的矛盾,从而获得了高效率的聚合物太阳电池。此外,这两类非富勒烯受体还拥有合成简单和形貌稳定好的特点。最后,我们还对两类非富勒烯受体今后的改进方向和发展重点做了展望。
Compared with fullerene acceptor, non-fullerene acceptor possesses the advantages of strong absorptions and tunable energy levels, thus enabling the improvement of power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) for fullerene-free polymer solar cells(PSCs). This article summarizes the progresses in non-fullerene acceptors developed in our group, and mainly introduces two design strategies: one is to ultilize dihedral angle and steric hindrance to construct non-planar small molecule acceptors, the other is to use intramolecular non-covalent interactions to construct planar small molecule acceptors. Both strategies are employed to address the following key challenges: to settle the dilemma between the formation of proper nanoscale phase separation and effective π-π stacking of non-fullerene molecules; to have the features of easy-synthesis and excellent morphological stability. Finally, we outline a perspective on the future development of non-fullerene acceptors.
Compared with fullerene acceptor, non-fullerene acceptor possesses the advantages of strong absorptions and tunable energy levels, thus enabling the improvement of power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) for fullerene-free polymer solar cells(PSCs). This article summarizes the progresses in non-fullerene acceptors developed in our group, and mainly introduces two design strategies: one is to ultilize dihedral angle and steric hindrance to construct non-planar small molecule acceptors, the other is to use intramolecular non-covalent interactions to construct planar small molecule acceptors. Both strategies are employed to address the following key challenges: to settle the dilemma between the formation of proper nanoscale phase separation and effective π-π stacking of non-fullerene molecules; to have the features of easy-synthesis and excellent morphological stability. Finally, we outline a perspective on the future development of non-fullerene acceptors.
引文
[1] Li S, Liu W, Li C Z, Shi M, Chen H. Small, 2017, 13(37): 1701120.
[2] Li S, Zhang Z, Shi M, Li C Z, Chen H. Phys Chem Chem Phys, 2017, 19(5): 3440～3458.
[3] Hou J, Ingan?s O, Friend RH, Gao F. Nat Mater, 2018, 17: 119～128.
[4] Yu G, Gao J, Hummelen J C, Wudl F, Heeger A J. Science, 1995, 270(5243): 1789～1791.
[5] Cui C, Li Y, Li Y. Adv Energy Mater, 2017, 7(10): 1601251.
[6] Li C Z, Yip H L, Jen A K Y. J Mater Chem, 2012, 22(10): 4161～4177.
[7] Zhao J, Li Y, Yang G, Jiang K, Lin H, Ade H, Ma W, Yan H. Nat Energy, 2016, 1: 15027.
[8] Yan C, Barlow S, Wang Z, Yan H, Jen A K Y, Marder S R, Zhan X. Nat Rev Mater, 2018, 3: 18003.
[9] 董建华. 高分子通报, 2018(01): 1～12.
[10] Tang A, Zhan C, Yao J, Zhou E. Adv Mater, 2017, 29(2): 1600013.
[11] Fernandez-Lazaro F, Zink-Lorre N, Sastre-Santos A. J Mater Chem A, 2016, 4(24): 9336～9346.
[12] Shi H, Fu W, Shi M, Ling J, Chen H. J Mater Chem A, 2015, 3(5): 1902～1905.
[13] Li S, Liu W, Shi M, Mai J, Lau T K, Wan J, Lu X, Li C Z, Chen H. Energy Environ Sci, 2016, 9(2): 604～610.
[14] Li S, Liu W, Li C Z, Liu F, Zhang Y, Shi M, Chen H, Russell TP. J Mater Chem A, 2016, 4(27): 10659～10665.
[15] Lin Y, Zhang Z G, Bai H, Wang J, Yao Y, Li Y, Zhu D, Zhan X. Energy Environ Sci, 2015, 8(2): 610～616.
[16] Lin Y, Wang J, Zhang Z G, Bai H, Li Y, Zhu D, Zhan X. Adv Mater, 2015, 27(7): 1170～1174.
[17] Zhang S, Qin Y, Zhu J, Hou J. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(20): 1800868.
[18] Zhang H, Yao H, Hou J, Zhu J, Zhang J, Li W, Yu R, Gao B, Zhang S, Hou J. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(28): 1800613.
[19] Li S, Ye L, Zhao W, Yan H, Yang B, Liu D, Li W, Ade H, Hou J. J Am Chem Soc, 2018, 140(23): 7159～7167.
[20] Meng L, Zhang Y, Wan X, Li C, Zhang X, Wang Y, Ke X, Xiao Z, Ding L, Xia R, Yip H L, Cao Y, Chen Y. Science, 2018, 361(6407): 1094～1098.
[21] Li S, Zhan L, Liu F, Ren J, Shi M, Li C Z, Russell TP, Chen H. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(6): 1705208.
[22] Li S, Zhan L, Zhao W, Zhang S, Ali B, Fu Z, Lau T K, Lu X, Shi M, Li C Z, Hou J, Chen H. J Mater Chem A, 2018, 6(25): 12132～12141.
[23] Wang N, Zhan L, Li S, Shi M, Lau T K, Lu X, Shikler R, Li C Z, Chen H. Mater Chem Front, 2018, 2(11): 2006～2012.
[24] Zhang Z Q, Zhang S, Liu Z X, Zhang Z G, Li Y, Li C Z, Chen H. Acta Phys-Chim Sin, 2019, 35(4): 394～400.
[2] Li S, Zhang Z, Shi M, Li C Z, Chen H. Phys Chem Chem Phys, 2017, 19(5): 3440～3458.
[3] Hou J, Ingan?s O, Friend RH, Gao F. Nat Mater, 2018, 17: 119～128.
[4] Yu G, Gao J, Hummelen J C, Wudl F, Heeger A J. Science, 1995, 270(5243): 1789～1791.
[5] Cui C, Li Y, Li Y. Adv Energy Mater, 2017, 7(10): 1601251.
[6] Li C Z, Yip H L, Jen A K Y. J Mater Chem, 2012, 22(10): 4161～4177.
[7] Zhao J, Li Y, Yang G, Jiang K, Lin H, Ade H, Ma W, Yan H. Nat Energy, 2016, 1: 15027.
[8] Yan C, Barlow S, Wang Z, Yan H, Jen A K Y, Marder S R, Zhan X. Nat Rev Mater, 2018, 3: 18003.
[9] 董建华. 高分子通报, 2018(01): 1～12.
[10] Tang A, Zhan C, Yao J, Zhou E. Adv Mater, 2017, 29(2): 1600013.
[11] Fernandez-Lazaro F, Zink-Lorre N, Sastre-Santos A. J Mater Chem A, 2016, 4(24): 9336～9346.
[12] Shi H, Fu W, Shi M, Ling J, Chen H. J Mater Chem A, 2015, 3(5): 1902～1905.
[13] Li S, Liu W, Shi M, Mai J, Lau T K, Wan J, Lu X, Li C Z, Chen H. Energy Environ Sci, 2016, 9(2): 604～610.
[14] Li S, Liu W, Li C Z, Liu F, Zhang Y, Shi M, Chen H, Russell TP. J Mater Chem A, 2016, 4(27): 10659～10665.
[15] Lin Y, Zhang Z G, Bai H, Wang J, Yao Y, Li Y, Zhu D, Zhan X. Energy Environ Sci, 2015, 8(2): 610～616.
[16] Lin Y, Wang J, Zhang Z G, Bai H, Li Y, Zhu D, Zhan X. Adv Mater, 2015, 27(7): 1170～1174.
[17] Zhang S, Qin Y, Zhu J, Hou J. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(20): 1800868.
[18] Zhang H, Yao H, Hou J, Zhu J, Zhang J, Li W, Yu R, Gao B, Zhang S, Hou J. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(28): 1800613.
[19] Li S, Ye L, Zhao W, Yan H, Yang B, Liu D, Li W, Ade H, Hou J. J Am Chem Soc, 2018, 140(23): 7159～7167.
[20] Meng L, Zhang Y, Wan X, Li C, Zhang X, Wang Y, Ke X, Xiao Z, Ding L, Xia R, Yip H L, Cao Y, Chen Y. Science, 2018, 361(6407): 1094～1098.
[21] Li S, Zhan L, Liu F, Ren J, Shi M, Li C Z, Russell TP, Chen H. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(6): 1705208.
[22] Li S, Zhan L, Zhao W, Zhang S, Ali B, Fu Z, Lau T K, Lu X, Shi M, Li C Z, Hou J, Chen H. J Mater Chem A, 2018, 6(25): 12132～12141.
[23] Wang N, Zhan L, Li S, Shi M, Lau T K, Lu X, Shikler R, Li C Z, Chen H. Mater Chem Front, 2018, 2(11): 2006～2012.
[24] Zhang Z Q, Zhang S, Liu Z X, Zhang Z G, Li Y, Li C Z, Chen H. Acta Phys-Chim Sin, 2019, 35(4): 394～400.