强化非胶结充填体脱水试验及其规律研究
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摘要
非胶结充填体脱水固结是保证充填采场稳定的关键因素。以会宝岭铁矿非胶结充填体为研究对象,设计非胶结充填体脱水试验装置,对粗颗粒添加比例为0~50%的非胶结充填体开展自然脱水试验,研究非胶结充填体的脱水规律。研究结果表明,添加粗颗粒可以强化非胶结充填体脱水,非胶结充填体的脱水过程可分为加速脱水阶段、强化脱水阶段和稳定脱水阶段;脱水过程中尾砂颗粒在自重和动水力的作用下产生沉降,在充填体内部形成垂直的排水通道,发生等速率脱水,后期因粗颗粒和尾砂颗粒的干涉沉降与自重固结导致充填体出现分层现象,且粗颗粒添加比例越大分层现象越明显。引入尾砂流失量评价非胶结充填的脱水效果,最终确定最佳添加比例为30%。该结论为强化非胶结充填体脱水提供了可靠的技术支持。
The dehydration and consolidation of non-cemented backfill is the key factors to ensure the stability of backfilled stope.Taking the non-cemented backfill in Hubaoling Iron Mine as the research object,the dehydration test device of non-cemented backfill was designed.Natural dehydration test was conducted on the non-cemented backfill in proportion of coarse particles addition being 0~50%,and the dehydration law of non-cemented backfill was studied.The results show that addition of coarse particles can enhance the dehydration of non-cemented backfill,and the dehydration process of non-cemented backfill can be divided into accelerated dehydration stage,strengthened dehydration stage and stable dehydration stage.During the dehydration process,the tailing particles will be precipitated under the action of gravity and hydrodynamic force,and vertical drain passageways will be formed inside the backfill,resulting in equal rate dehydration.In the later stage,the interference settlement and gravity consolidation of coarse particles and tailing particles will lead to the stratification of backfill,and the larger the proportion of coarse particles addition is,the more obviously the stratification occurs.The loss of tailings can be taken to evaluate the dehydration effect of non-cemented backfill,and the optimal addition proportion is determined to be 30%.It provides reliable technical support for strengthening the dehydration of non-cemented backfill.
The dehydration and consolidation of non-cemented backfill is the key factors to ensure the stability of backfilled stope.Taking the non-cemented backfill in Hubaoling Iron Mine as the research object,the dehydration test device of non-cemented backfill was designed.Natural dehydration test was conducted on the non-cemented backfill in proportion of coarse particles addition being 0~50%,and the dehydration law of non-cemented backfill was studied.The results show that addition of coarse particles can enhance the dehydration of non-cemented backfill,and the dehydration process of non-cemented backfill can be divided into accelerated dehydration stage,strengthened dehydration stage and stable dehydration stage.During the dehydration process,the tailing particles will be precipitated under the action of gravity and hydrodynamic force,and vertical drain passageways will be formed inside the backfill,resulting in equal rate dehydration.In the later stage,the interference settlement and gravity consolidation of coarse particles and tailing particles will lead to the stratification of backfill,and the larger the proportion of coarse particles addition is,the more obviously the stratification occurs.The loss of tailings can be taken to evaluate the dehydration effect of non-cemented backfill,and the optimal addition proportion is determined to be 30%.It provides reliable technical support for strengthening the dehydration of non-cemented backfill.
引文
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[17]吴宁,张琪,曲占庆.固体颗粒在液体中沉降速度的计算方法评述[J].石油钻采工艺.2000,(2):51-53.
[2]李保健,周涌,刘允秋,等.会宝岭铁矿全尾砂非胶结充填新工艺[J].金属矿山,2015,(S1):33-35.
[3]余家龙,廖九波,范文录,等.下向高分段胶结充填采矿法在用沙坝矿的应用[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2012,64(2):12-16.
[4]王怀佳,马继业,肖旭光.预控顶上向分段胶结充填采矿法的研究与实践[J].莱钢科技,2008,(6):41-44.
[5]杨建永,饶运章,占丰林,等.高大采空场嗣后一次胶结充填脱水试验[J].江西冶金,1995,15(4):33-34.
[6]曾润兴,肖伯凡.凡口铅锌矿采场充填脱水井井口立模工艺的改进[J].采矿技术,2009,(4):37.
[7]肖伯凡,孙勇.铁丝网在充填脱水工艺中的应用[J].采矿技术,2007,7(4):16.
[8]Huggins G,Chappell B.Preliminary investigation into electro-strengthening of tailings for surface and underground disposal[J].Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Publication,1998.
[9]Sprute R H,Kesh D J.Electrokinetic's densification of hydraulic backfill:a field test[J].BuMines RI 8075,1975.
[10]Sprute R H,Kesh D J.electrokinetic's consolidation of slimes in an underground mine[J].BuMines RI 8190,1975.
[11]韦华南.水力充填负压强制脱水研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.
[12]张磊.某铜矿全尾砂充填体脱水方案研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.
[13]王果,李永密,李宗楠,等.基于充填尾砂粒级特性分析的渗透性试验研究[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2015,67(S1):135-140.
[14]刘同有.充填采矿技术与应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2001.
[15]张磊,吕力行,杨宏兴.水砂充填的合理尾砂级配选择的试验研究[J].价值工程,2014,33(2):288-290.
[16]徐桂中,吉锋,翁佳兴.高含水率吹填淤泥自然沉降规律[J].土木工程与管理学报,2012,29(3):22-27.
[17]吴宁,张琪,曲占庆.固体颗粒在液体中沉降速度的计算方法评述[J].石油钻采工艺.2000,(2):51-53.