金具在直流电场中的电腐蚀特性及影响因素
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摘要
金属器件在直流电场的作用下容易发生电腐蚀。为了研究直流电场中金具的电腐蚀特性以及影响金具电腐蚀的因素,采用球墨铸铁、A3铁和304不锈钢3种材质,共制作了20根电极进行直流电腐蚀试验。试验结果表明:金具表面是否附着水滴以及水滴的流动速度对金具的电腐蚀速度有较大影响;不同材料在直流电场中的抗腐蚀能力不同,合理选择材料能够有效减缓直流电场中金具的电腐蚀速度;直流电场作用下的金具腐蚀速度远大于自然腐蚀速度,且电场强度越大,金属电极的电腐蚀速度越快。
Electro-corrosion is prone to happen to metal devices in DC electric field.In order to study electro-corrosion characteristics of metal devices in the DC electric field and related influence factors,three kinds of materials including spheroidal graphite cast iron,A3 iron and 304 stainless steel are used to make twenty electrodes for DC electro-corrosion test.The test result indicates that whether water droplets are attached to the surface of the metal device and flow speed of the water droplet may greatly affect electro-corrosion rate of the metal devices.Corrosion resistance of different materials in the DC electric field is different,so it is able to effectively slow down electro-corrosion rates of metal devices by reasonably choosing materials.In addition,corrosion rates metal devices in the DC electric field are much larger than natural corrosion rates,and the stronger the electric field intensity is,the faster the electro-corrosion rate of the metal electrode is.
Electro-corrosion is prone to happen to metal devices in DC electric field.In order to study electro-corrosion characteristics of metal devices in the DC electric field and related influence factors,three kinds of materials including spheroidal graphite cast iron,A3 iron and 304 stainless steel are used to make twenty electrodes for DC electro-corrosion test.The test result indicates that whether water droplets are attached to the surface of the metal device and flow speed of the water droplet may greatly affect electro-corrosion rate of the metal devices.Corrosion resistance of different materials in the DC electric field is different,so it is able to effectively slow down electro-corrosion rates of metal devices by reasonably choosing materials.In addition,corrosion rates metal devices in the DC electric field are much larger than natural corrosion rates,and the stronger the electric field intensity is,the faster the electro-corrosion rate of the metal electrode is.
引文
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[20]司马文霞,武坤,李立浧,等.±800 kV线路直流复合绝缘子均压环结构研究[J].高电压技术,2007,33(11):33-36.SIMA Wenxia,WU Kun,LI Licheng,et al.Optimization of corona ring design for±800 kV UHV DC transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(11):33-36.
[2]刘振亚.特高压直流输电理论[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009:5-10.
[3]胡振华,李海锋,武霁阳.±500 kV同塔双回直流线路雷击暂态特性及行波保护响应[J].广东电力,2016,29(8):85-90.HU Zhenhua,LI Haifeng,WU Jiyang.Lightning transient characteristic and travelling wave protection response of±500kV double circuit DC lines on the same tower[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2016,29(8):85-90.
[4]张文亮,于永清,李光范,等.特高压直流技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(22):1-7.ZHANG Wenliang,YU Yongqing,LI Guangfan,et al.Researches on UHVDC technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(22):1-7.
[5]孙昕,刘泽洪,高理迎,等.±800 kV特高压直流工程创新实践[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(22):35-45.SUN Xin,LIU Zehong,GAO Liying,et al.Practice and innovation in the±800 kV UHVDC demonstration project[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(22):35-45.
[6]王巍,周高,张东.输电线路绝缘子泄漏电流在线监测系统应用分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2017,35(6):41-44,49.WANG Wei,ZHOU Gao,ZHANG Dong.Application analysis of online monitoring system for current leakage of transmission line insulators[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2017,35(6):41-44,49.
[7]文习山,蓝磊,蒋日坤.绝缘子污秽闪络的统计特性及风险评估[J].高电压技术,2011,37(1):1-7.WEN Xishan,LAN Lei,JIANG Rikun.Statistical characteristic and risk assessment of polluted insulators flashover[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(1):1-7.
[8]吴光亚,罗兵,王蕙.±800 kV特高压直流绝缘子可靠性分析[J].高电压技术,2008,34(9):1802-1806.WU Guangya,LUO Bing,WANG Hui.Reliability analysis of±800 kV UHVDC insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(9):1802-1806.
[9]罗凌,张福增,任贵清,等.采用马蹄形锌环抑制直流瓷绝缘子铁帽电解腐蚀的可行性研究[J].高电压技术,2014,40(7):2000-2006.LUO Ling,ZHANG Fuzeng,REN Guiqing,et al.Feasibility of using U-shaped zinc ring to restrain electrolytic corrosion of porcelain insulators'iron caps[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(7):2000-2006
[10]罗凌,张福增,王黎明,等.高压直流瓷和玻璃绝缘子金属附件电解腐蚀试验方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(9):103-111.LUO Ling,ZHANG Fuzeng,WANG Liming,et al.Test methods for hardware electrolytic corrosion of porcelain and glass insulators on HVDC transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(9):103-111.
[11]LUO Ling,WANG Liming,GUAN Zhicheng,et al.Influence of pin corrosion on mechanical characteristic of UH-VDC disc suspension insulators and solutions[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(4):2242-2250.
[12]罗凌,张福增,李锐海,等.抑制运行V串直流瓷绝缘子铁帽电解腐蚀的马蹄形锌环设计[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(2):220-228.LUO Ling,ZHANG Fuzeng,LI Ruihai,et al.Design for U-shaped zinc ring to restrain electrolytic corrosion of V-string ceramic insulators'caps for DC system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(2):220-228.
[13]李锐海,廖一帆,罗凌,等.特高压直流瓷绝缘子金具电解腐蚀问题研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2015(1):1-6.LI Ruihai,LIAO Yifan,LUO Ling,et al.Research on hardware electrolytic corrosion problem of ceramic insulators on UHVDC transmission line[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2015(1):1-6.
[14]张洪军.直流绝缘子钢脚腐蚀的研究[J].电瓷避雷器,1996(5):21-23.
[15]张福增,廖一帆,罗凌,等.特高压直流瓷绝缘子铁帽加速电腐蚀试验[J].电网技术,2014,38(2):311-315.ZHANG Fuzeng,LIAO Yifan,LUO Ling,et al.Accelerated electrolytic erosion test of metal cap of DC porcelain insulator for UHVDC transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(2):311-315.
[16]高理迎,孙涛,赵江涛,等.直流盘形悬式瓷绝缘子铁帽采用锌环防电解腐蚀特性的试验研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(12):3381-3385.GAO Liying,SUN Tao,ZHAO Jiangtao,et al.Experimental research on anti-electrolytic corrosion characteristics of insulator cap for DC porcelain cap and pin insulator by zinc collar[J].2013,37(12):3381-3385.
[17]罗凌,王黎明,关志成,等.抑制高压直流瓷和玻璃绝缘子铁帽电解腐蚀的保护锌环设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4531-4538.LUO Ling,WANG Liming,GUAN Zhicheng,et al.Designing for the protection zinc ring to suppress electrolytic corrosion of porcelain and glass insulators'iron caps on HVDCtransmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4531-4538.
[18]CRABTREE I M,MACKEY K J,KITO K,et al.Studies on electro chemical corrosion of hardware of DC line insulators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1985,104(3):645-654.
[19]GALANOV V I,KOSHCHEEV L A,DIMITREV V L,et al.Research on the corrosion property of long bar porcelain insulators under HVDC[R].St Petersburg,Russia:DCTransmission Technology Research Center of Russia,1999:31-38.
[20]司马文霞,武坤,李立浧,等.±800 kV线路直流复合绝缘子均压环结构研究[J].高电压技术,2007,33(11):33-36.SIMA Wenxia,WU Kun,LI Licheng,et al.Optimization of corona ring design for±800 kV UHV DC transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(11):33-36.