生物沸石薄层覆盖削减亚热带水源水库氮负荷
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摘要
以福建泉州水源地山美水库和惠女水库的表层底泥和上覆水为研究对象,室内静态模拟试验研究了生物沸石薄层覆盖削减水源水库氮负荷的效果及可行性,探讨了上覆水体溶解氧(DO)浓度对削减氮负荷的影响,分析了削减氮负荷的作用机理.结果表明,覆盖强度为1 kg/m~2的生物沸石覆盖(厚度约1 mm)对上覆水中总氮的削减率为58.89%~65.75%,对底泥中总氮的削减率为10.39%~13.08%,对底泥中铵态氮的削减率为32.35%~44.56%,对底泥中有机氮的削减率为8.41%~11.04%;对于以硝态氮为主要形态氮的上覆水体,DO浓度越低,越有利于高效菌脱氮;可见,生物沸石薄层覆盖能有效削减水源水库氮负荷,利用生物沸石薄层覆盖技术削减水源水库氮负荷是可行的,但需要进一步研究水源水库底泥生物沸石薄层覆盖修复过程中氮的迁移转化机制.
In this study,samples were collected from overlying water and surface sediment in Shanmei Reservoir and Huinü Reservoir in Quanzhou City,Fujian Province. The efficiency of nitrogen load reduction by thin-layer capping with biozeolite in the source water reservoirs was investigated through a series of laboratory-scale static simulating experiments. The effect of dissolve oxygen concentration in overlying water on reducing nitrogen load was discussed and the mechanism to reduce nitrogen load by thin-layer capping with biozeolite was also explored. The results showed that the reduction efficiency of total nitrogen in overlying water ranged from 58.89% to 65.75% by thin-layer capping with biozeolite at a dose rate of 1 kg/m~2( the thickness of 1 mm),and the reduction efficiencies of total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen and organic nitrogen in sediments were in the range of 10.39%-13.08%,32.35%-44.56% and 8.41%-11.04%,respectively. To overlying water of the main form of nitrate,the lower the dissolve oxygen concentration of overlying water,the better the efficiency of biological denitrogenation by high efficient bacteria. Therefore,thin-layer capping with biozeolite is efficient and feasible to reduce nitrogen load in the source water reservoirs. However,it is urgent to understand the mechanisms of nitrogen transportation and transformation in remediation process of sediment using thin-layer capping with biozeolite.
In this study,samples were collected from overlying water and surface sediment in Shanmei Reservoir and Huinü Reservoir in Quanzhou City,Fujian Province. The efficiency of nitrogen load reduction by thin-layer capping with biozeolite in the source water reservoirs was investigated through a series of laboratory-scale static simulating experiments. The effect of dissolve oxygen concentration in overlying water on reducing nitrogen load was discussed and the mechanism to reduce nitrogen load by thin-layer capping with biozeolite was also explored. The results showed that the reduction efficiency of total nitrogen in overlying water ranged from 58.89% to 65.75% by thin-layer capping with biozeolite at a dose rate of 1 kg/m~2( the thickness of 1 mm),and the reduction efficiencies of total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen and organic nitrogen in sediments were in the range of 10.39%-13.08%,32.35%-44.56% and 8.41%-11.04%,respectively. To overlying water of the main form of nitrate,the lower the dissolve oxygen concentration of overlying water,the better the efficiency of biological denitrogenation by high efficient bacteria. Therefore,thin-layer capping with biozeolite is efficient and feasible to reduce nitrogen load in the source water reservoirs. However,it is urgent to understand the mechanisms of nitrogen transportation and transformation in remediation process of sediment using thin-layer capping with biozeolite.
引文
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[28]Jung JY,Chung YC,Shin HS et al.Enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal using consistent biological regeneration and ammonium exchange of zeolite in modified SBR process.Water Research,2004,38:347-354.
[29]Wei YX,Ye ZF,Wang YL et al.Enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal using consistent ammonium exchange of modified zeolite and biological regeneration in a sequencing batch reactor process.Environmental Technology,2011,32(12):1337-1343.
[2]Lewis WM,Wurtsbaugh WA,Paerl HW.Rationale of control of anthropogenic nitrogen and phosphorus to reduce eutrophication of inland waters.Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45:10300-10305.
[3]Zhong Jicheng,Liu Guofeng,Fan Chengxin et al.Environmental effect of sediment dredging in lake(I):The role of sediment dredging in reducing internal phosphorus release.J Lake Sci,2009,21(1):84-93.DOI:10.18307/2009.0111.[钟继承,刘国锋,范成新等.湖泊底泥疏浚环境效应:I.内源磷释放控制作用.湖泊科学,2009,21(1):84-93.]
[4]F9rstner U,Apit SE.Sediment remediation:U.S.focus on capping and monitored natural recovery.Fourth international conference on remediation of contaminated sediment.Journal of Soils and Sediments,2007,7:351-358.
[5]Perelo LW.Review:In situ and bioremediation of organic ollutants in aquatic sediments.Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,177:81-89.
[6]Kim G,Jung W.Role of sand capping in phosphorus release from sediment.Journal of Civil Engineering,2010,14(6):815-821.
[7]Lampert D,Sarchet WV,Reible DD et al.Assessing the effectiveness of thin-layer sand caps for contaminated sediment management through passive sampling.Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45(19):8437-8443.
[8]Jacobs PH,F9rstner U.Concept of subaqueous capping of contaminated sediments with active barrier system(ABS)using natural and modified zeolite.Water Research,1999,33(9):2083-2087.
[9]Berg U,Neumann T,Donnert D et al.Sediment capping in eutrophic lakes-efficiency of undisturbed calcite barriers to immobilize phosphorus.Applied Geochemistry,2004,19(11):1759-1771.
[10]Lin JW,Zhan YH,Zhu ZL.Evaluation of sediment capping with active barrier system(ABS)using calcite/zeolite mixtures to simultaneously manage phosphorus and ammonium release.Science of the Total Environment,2011,409:638-646.
[11]Ozkundakci D,Hamilton DP,Gibbs MM.Hypolimnetic phosphorus and nitrogen dynamics in a small,eutrophic lake with a seasonally anoxic hypolimnion.Hydrobiologia,2011,661:5-20.
[12]Meis S,Spears BM,Maberly SC et al.Sediment amendment with phoslockin Clatto reservoir(Dundee,UK):Investigating changes in sediment elemental composition and phosphorus fractionation.Journal of Environmental Management,2012,93(1):185-193.
[13]Huang TL,Zhou ZM,Xu JL et al.Biozeolite capping for reducing nitrogen load of the ancient canal in Yangzhou City.Water Science and Technology,2012,66(2):336-344.
[14]Yin HB,Kong M.Reduction of sediment internal P-loading from eutrophic lakes using thermally modified calcium-richattapulgite-based thin-layer cap.Journal of Environmental Management,2015,15:178-185.
[15]Yang MJ,Lin JW,Zhan YH et al.Immobilization of phosphorus from water and sediment using zirconium-modified zeolites.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(5):3606-3619.
[16]Gibbs M,Ozkundakci D.Effects of a modified zeolite on P and N processes and fluxes across the lake sediment-water interface using core incubations.Hydrobiologia,2011,661:21-35.
[17]Meis S,Spears BM,Maberly SC et al.Assessing the mode of action of Phoslockin the control of phosphorus release from the bed sediments in a shallow lake(Loch Flemington,UK).Water Research,2013,47(13):4460-4473.
[18]Dithmer L,Nielsen UG,Lürling M et al.Responses in sediment phosphorus and lanthanum concentrations and composition across 10 lakes following applications of lanthanum modified bentonite.Water Research,2016,97:101-110.
[19]Huang TL,Zhou ZM,Su JF et al.Nitrogen reduction in eutrophic landscape river using bioactive multilayer capping(BMC)with biozeolite and sand.Journal of Soils and Sediments,2013,13(7):1309-1317.
[20]Zhou ZM,Huang TL,Yuan BL et al.Remediation of nitrogen-contaminated sediment using bioreactive,thin-layer capping with biozeolite.Soil&Sediment Contamination,2016,25(1):89-100.
[21]Zhou ZM,Huang TL,Yuan BL.Nitrogen reduction using bioreactive thin-layer capping(BTC)with biozeolite:A field experiment in a eutrophic river.Journal of Environmental Sciences,2016,42:119-125.
[22]Zhou Zhenming.In situ remediation of contaminated sediment using combined biological and physicochemical technology in the urban rivers and lakes[Dissertation].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,2013.[周真明.城市河湖污染底泥原位生物/物化组合修复技术研究[学位论文].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2013.]
[23]“Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis method”editorial board of State Environmental Protection Administration of China ed.Monitoring and analysis methods of water and wastewater:fourth edition.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2002.[国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法:第4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.]
[24]Agricultural chemical professional committee of soil science society of China ed.Soil and agricultural chemistry general analysis.Beijing:Science Press,1983.[中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会.土壤农业化学常规分析方法.北京:科学出版社,1983.]
[25]Jin Xingcan,Tu Qingying eds.Eutrophication investigation specification of lakes:2th ed.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1990.[金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范:第2版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.]
[26]Bao Shidan ed.Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis:3th ed.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2005.[鲍士旦.土壤农化分析:第3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2005.]
[27]Sha Qian,He Jun,Zhang Weihao et al.Nitrogen release from sediments in different types of urban lakes.Environmental Science&Technology,2013,36(4):89-91.[沙茜,何君,张维昊等.不同类型湖泊沉积物中氮释放规律研究.环境科学与技术,2013,36(4):89-91.]
[28]Jung JY,Chung YC,Shin HS et al.Enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal using consistent biological regeneration and ammonium exchange of zeolite in modified SBR process.Water Research,2004,38:347-354.
[29]Wei YX,Ye ZF,Wang YL et al.Enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal using consistent ammonium exchange of modified zeolite and biological regeneration in a sequencing batch reactor process.Environmental Technology,2011,32(12):1337-1343.