高效除磷型底泥陶粒的制备及性能分析
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摘要
以河道疏浚底泥为主要原料制备高效除磷型底泥陶粒。通过单因素实验和L9(34)正交试验考察了造孔剂、水泥、烧结温度和保温时间对陶粒性能的影响,并研究了吸附饱和陶粒的再生方法。结果表明:高效除磷陶粒的最佳制备条件为造孔剂6.0 g,水泥6.0 g,烧结温度1 060℃,保温时间15 min。该条件下制得的陶粒空隙率60.20%,吸水率38.75%,破碎率与磨损率2.14%,盐酸可溶率1.60%,底泥质量分数0.77%,表观密度1 280 kg·m-3,堆积密度510 kg·m-3,满足CJ/T 299-2008《水处理用人工陶粒滤料》性能指标要求;处理10.0 mg·L~(-1)含磷废水,磷去除率可达95.55%;吸附饱和陶粒可采用2.0 mol·L~(-1)氢氧化钠进行再生。
The main purpose of the research is to develop ceramsite with high efficiency phosphorus(P) removal from dredged sediment of a river.Single factor and orthogonal experiments L9(34) were conducted to investigate the effects of pore-forming agent,concrete,sintering temperature and holding time on characteristics of ceramsite.Furthermore,reuse of the disused ceramiste was studied.Results showed that the optimum conditions for the sintering process were obtained with a pore-forming agent-6.0 g,concrete-6.0 g,a sintering temperature of 1 060 ℃,and a holding time of 15 min.Properties of the ceramsite were as follows:void fraction60.20%,water absorption 38.75%,breaking and wear rate 2.14%,solubility in hydrochloric acid 1.60%,silt carrying capacity 0.77%,apparent density 1 280 kg·m-3,and piled density 510 kg·m-3,which met the standard for an artificial ceramsite filter material for water treatment.When the initial P concentration was 10.0 mg·L~(-1),a P removal efficiency of 95.55% was obtained with the ceramsite.The disused ceramsite could be reused using2.0 mol·L~(-1) NaOH.Thus,the dredged sediment is an alternative raw materials for the ceramsite filter with high efficiency phosphorus removal.
The main purpose of the research is to develop ceramsite with high efficiency phosphorus(P) removal from dredged sediment of a river.Single factor and orthogonal experiments L9(34) were conducted to investigate the effects of pore-forming agent,concrete,sintering temperature and holding time on characteristics of ceramsite.Furthermore,reuse of the disused ceramiste was studied.Results showed that the optimum conditions for the sintering process were obtained with a pore-forming agent-6.0 g,concrete-6.0 g,a sintering temperature of 1 060 ℃,and a holding time of 15 min.Properties of the ceramsite were as follows:void fraction60.20%,water absorption 38.75%,breaking and wear rate 2.14%,solubility in hydrochloric acid 1.60%,silt carrying capacity 0.77%,apparent density 1 280 kg·m-3,and piled density 510 kg·m-3,which met the standard for an artificial ceramsite filter material for water treatment.When the initial P concentration was 10.0 mg·L~(-1),a P removal efficiency of 95.55% was obtained with the ceramsite.The disused ceramsite could be reused using2.0 mol·L~(-1) NaOH.Thus,the dredged sediment is an alternative raw materials for the ceramsite filter with high efficiency phosphorus removal.
引文
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[24]翁焕新,章金骏,曹彦圣,等.污泥陶粒的性能特征与烧制工艺[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2011,45(10):1877-1883.WENG Huanxin,ZHANG Jinjun,CAO Yansheng,et al.Characteristics and sintering technology of haydite made of sewage sludge[J].J Zhejiang Univ Eng Sci,2011,45(10):1877-1883.
[25]TAKAOKA M,TAKEDA N,MIURA S.The behavior of heavy metals and phosphorus in an ash melting process[J]Water Sci Technol,1997,36(11):275-282.
[26]张洁,王兴润,陈勇民,等.CaO对含砷废渣烧结过程砷的形态及释放特性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(5):796-801.ZHANG Jie,WANG Xingrun,CHEN Yongmin,et al.Impacts of CaO on species and release characteristics of arsenic during sintering of arsenic-containing waste residue[J].Res Environ Sci,2015,28(5):796-801.
[2]冯锦梅,张海荣.水环境中的磷研究与富营养化控制[J].污染防治技术,2013,26(1):28-32.FENG Jinmei,ZHANG Hairong.Phosphorus and eutrophication control of water environment[J].Pollut Control Technol,2013,26(1):28-32.
[3]SINDELAR H R,BROWN M T,BOYER T H.Effects of natural organic matter on calcium and phosphorus co-precipitation[J].Chemosphere,2015,138:218-224.
[4]KRISHNA K C B,NIAZ M R,SARKER D C,et al.Phosphorus removal from aqueous solution can be enhanced through the calcination of lime sludge[J].J Environ Manage,2017,200:359-365.
[5]MARQUES R,SANTOS J,NGUYEN H,et al.Metabolism and ecological niche of Tetrasphaera and Ca.Accumulibacter in enhanced biological phosphorus removal[J].Water Res,2017,122:159-171.
[6]YADAV D,PRUTHI V,KUMAR P.Enhanced biological phosphorus removal in aerated stirred tank reactor using aerobic bacterial consortium[J].J Water Process Eng,2016,13:61-69.
[7]BISWAS B K,INOUE K,GHIMIRE K N,et al.Removal and recovery of phosphorus from water by means of adsorption onto orange waste gel loaded with zirconium[J].Bioresource Technol,2008,99(18):8685-8690.
[8]孟顺龙,裘丽萍,陈家长,等.污水化学沉淀法除磷研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(35):264-268.MENG Shunlong,QIU Liping,CHEN Jiazhang,et al.The research process of chemistry precipitation method in phosphours removal in wastewater[J].Chin Agric Sci Bull,2012,28(35):264-268.
[9]OEHMEN A,SAUNDERS A M,VIVES M T,et al.Competition between polyphosphate and glycogen accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems with acetate and propionate as carbon sources[J].JBiotechnol,2006,123(1):22-32.
[10]钟晓,孙培德,方治国,等.强化生物除磷系统除磷特性对水温变化响应的试验研究[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(11):2197-2204.ZHONG Xiao,SUN Peide,FANG Zhiguo,et al.Effect of water temperature variation on phosphorus removal characteristics in an enhanced biological phosphorus removal system[J].Acta Sci Circumst,2010,30(11):2197-2204.
[11]孟顺龙,胡庚东,瞿建宏,等.镧/铝改性沸石去除富营养化水体中磷的研究[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(11):1875-1880.MENG Shunlong,HU Gengdong,QU Jianhong,et al.Effect of Lanthanum/Aluminum-modified zeolite on phosphorus removal from eutrophic water[J].Ecol Environ Sci,2012,21(11):1875-1880.
[12]KIM L H,CHOI E,STENSTROM M K.Sediment characteristics,phosphorus types and phosphorus release rates between river and lake sediments[J].Chemosphere,2003,50(1):53-61.
[13]代政,祁艳丽,唐永杰,等.上覆水环境因子对滨海水库沉积物氮磷释放的影响[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(12):1766-1772.DAI Zheng,QI Yanli,TANG Yongjie,et al.Effects of environmental factors of overlying water on the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment of coastal reservoir[J].Res Environ Sci,2016,29(12):1766-1772.
[14]潘嘉芬,冯雪冬.利用河道淤泥等固体废弃物制备水处理多孔陶粒滤料试验研究[J].非金属矿,2010,33(6):68-71.PAN Jiafen,FENG Xuedong.Experimental study on preparation of porous ceramics from river course sediments as main raw material for treatment of waste water[J].Non-Met Mines,2010,33(6):68-71.
[15]BAO Teng,CHEN Tianhu,LIU Haibo,et al.Preparation of magnetic porous ceramsite and its application in biological aerated filters[J].J Water Proc Eng,2014,4:185-195.
[16]郭露,张翔凌,陈巧珍,等.人工湿地常用生物陶粒基质LDHs覆膜改性及其除磷效果研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(9):2840-2849.GUO Lu,ZHANG Xiangling,CHEN Qiaozhen,et al.Removal of phosphorus by the modified biological ceramsite coated with different layered double hydroxides in constructed wetlands[J].Acta Sci Circumst,2015,35(9):2840-2849.
[17]中华人民共和国建设部.水处理用人工陶粒滤料:CJ/T 229-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[18]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].第4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:246-248.
[19]MART魱NEZ-GARC魱A C,ELICHE-QUESADA D,P魪REZ-VILLAREJO L,et al.Sludge valorization from wastewater treatment plant to its application on the ceramic industry[J].J Environ Manage,2012,95:S343-S348.
[20]徐振华,刘建国,宋敏英,等.污泥、底泥与粉煤灰烧结陶粒的工艺研究[J].安全与环境学报,2012,12(4):21-26.XU Zhenhua,LIU Jianguo,SONG Minying,et al.Technological study on sintering ceramisite with sewage sludge and sediment and fly ash[J].J Safety Environ,2012,12(4):21-26.
[21]FAVONI C,MINICHELLI D,TUBARO F,et al.Ceramic processing of municipal sewage sludge(MSS)and steelworks slags(SS)[J].Ceramics Int,2005,31(5):697-702.
[22]邓红卫,杨英姿,高小建.高强粉煤灰烧胀陶粒制备的影响因素研究[J].青岛理工大学学报,2009,30(4):70-74.DENG Hongwei,YANG Yingzi,GAO Xiaojian.Research on factors to affect the preparation of high-strength ceramsite in low absorption[J].J Qingdao Technol Univ,2009,30(4):70-74.
[23]金宜英,杜欣,王志玉,等.采用污水厂污泥制陶粒的烧结工艺及配方研究[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(1):17-21.JIN Yiying,DU Xin,WANG Zhiyu,et al.Research on technology and batch formula of sintering municipal sewage for manufacturing haydite[J].China Environ Sci,2009,29(1):17-21.
[24]翁焕新,章金骏,曹彦圣,等.污泥陶粒的性能特征与烧制工艺[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2011,45(10):1877-1883.WENG Huanxin,ZHANG Jinjun,CAO Yansheng,et al.Characteristics and sintering technology of haydite made of sewage sludge[J].J Zhejiang Univ Eng Sci,2011,45(10):1877-1883.
[25]TAKAOKA M,TAKEDA N,MIURA S.The behavior of heavy metals and phosphorus in an ash melting process[J]Water Sci Technol,1997,36(11):275-282.
[26]张洁,王兴润,陈勇民,等.CaO对含砷废渣烧结过程砷的形态及释放特性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(5):796-801.ZHANG Jie,WANG Xingrun,CHEN Yongmin,et al.Impacts of CaO on species and release characteristics of arsenic during sintering of arsenic-containing waste residue[J].Res Environ Sci,2015,28(5):796-801.