生物沸石薄层覆盖削减富营养化水体磷负荷
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摘要
以江苏扬州古运河富营养化水体为对象,现场围隔实验研究生物沸石薄层覆盖削减富营养化水体磷负荷可行性,考察生物沸石覆盖削减上覆水、底泥间隙水和底泥中不同形态磷的削减效果,讨论生物沸石覆盖修复过程中不同形态磷转化机制.结果表明,覆盖强度为2 kg/m2的生物沸石覆盖(厚度约2 mm)对上覆水中总磷的削减率为57.41%,对上覆水中正磷酸盐的削减率为60.03%;对底泥间隙水中正磷酸盐的削减率为59.80%;对表层底泥(0~20 cm)中总磷削减率为11.28%,对无机磷削减率为11.82%,对有机磷削减率为11.11%.生物沸石覆盖能将底泥中不稳定的无机磷(可溶性磷、铁结合态磷、铝结合态磷)或少部分较稳定的无机磷(钙结合态磷)转化为稳定的无机磷(包裹磷),说明生物沸石覆盖不仅能削减液相中磷负荷,而且能将固相中不稳定的无机磷转化为稳定的无机磷;可见,生物沸石薄层覆盖能有效削减富营养化水体磷负荷,利用生物沸石薄层覆盖削减富营养化水体磷负荷是可行的,但需要进一步研究富营养化水体底泥生物薄层覆盖修复过程中不同形态无机磷转化机制.
The feasibility of reducing phosphorus load in eutrophic water body using biozeolite thin-layer capping was examined through a field incubation experiment in Ancient Canal in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province,China. The reduction efficiency of different phosphorus in overlying water,interstitial water and sediments was estimated. The mechanisms of different phosphorus transportation and transformation in remediation process of sediment using biozeolite thin-layer capping were discussed. The results showed that the reduction efficiency of total phosphorus and orthophosphate in overlying water by biozeolite thin-layer capping of dose rate of 2 kg / m~2( the thick of 2 mm) were 57.41% and 60.03%,respectively. The orthophosphate reduction efficiency in interstitial water from sediments was 59.80%. The reduction efficiencies of total phosphorus,inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus in surface sediments( 0-20 cm) were 11.28%,11.82% and 11.11%,respectively. Unsteady inorganic phosphorus( e. g. dissolved phosphorus,iron bound phosphorus,aluminium bound phosphorus) and relatively steady inorganic phosphorus( e. g. calcium bound phosphorus) were converted into very steady inorganic phosphorus( e. g. residual phosphorus) using biozeolite thin-layer capping,indicating that biozeolite thin-layer capping could not only reduce phosphorus load in liquid,but also convert unsteady inorganic phosphorus into very steady inorganic phosphorus. Therefore,biozeolite thin-layer capping can reduce phosphorus load in eutrophic water body efficiently,and phosphorus load reduction in eutrophic water body using biozeolite thin-layer capping is feasible. However,it is urgent to understand the mechanisms of different inorganic phosphorus transportation and transformation in remediation process of sediment using biozeolite thin-layer capping.
The feasibility of reducing phosphorus load in eutrophic water body using biozeolite thin-layer capping was examined through a field incubation experiment in Ancient Canal in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province,China. The reduction efficiency of different phosphorus in overlying water,interstitial water and sediments was estimated. The mechanisms of different phosphorus transportation and transformation in remediation process of sediment using biozeolite thin-layer capping were discussed. The results showed that the reduction efficiency of total phosphorus and orthophosphate in overlying water by biozeolite thin-layer capping of dose rate of 2 kg / m~2( the thick of 2 mm) were 57.41% and 60.03%,respectively. The orthophosphate reduction efficiency in interstitial water from sediments was 59.80%. The reduction efficiencies of total phosphorus,inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus in surface sediments( 0-20 cm) were 11.28%,11.82% and 11.11%,respectively. Unsteady inorganic phosphorus( e. g. dissolved phosphorus,iron bound phosphorus,aluminium bound phosphorus) and relatively steady inorganic phosphorus( e. g. calcium bound phosphorus) were converted into very steady inorganic phosphorus( e. g. residual phosphorus) using biozeolite thin-layer capping,indicating that biozeolite thin-layer capping could not only reduce phosphorus load in liquid,but also convert unsteady inorganic phosphorus into very steady inorganic phosphorus. Therefore,biozeolite thin-layer capping can reduce phosphorus load in eutrophic water body efficiently,and phosphorus load reduction in eutrophic water body using biozeolite thin-layer capping is feasible. However,it is urgent to understand the mechanisms of different inorganic phosphorus transportation and transformation in remediation process of sediment using biozeolite thin-layer capping.
引文
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[12]Meis S,Spears BM,Maberly SC et al.Sediment amendment with phoslock in Clatto reservoir(Dundee,UK):Investigating changes in sediment elemental composition and phosphorus fractionation.Journal of Environmental Management,2012,93(1):185-193.
[13]Zhou Zhenming.In situ remediation of contaminated sediment using combined biological and physicochemical technology in the urban rivers and lakes[Dissertation].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,2013(in Chinese with English abstract).[周真明.城市河湖污染底泥原位生物/物化组合修复技术研究[学位论文].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2013.]
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[15]Jin Xingcan,Tu Qingying eds.Eutrophication investigation specification of lakes,2th ed.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1990(in Chinese).[金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范:第2版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.]
[16]Ju Zewen,Wei Zhiqin,Dong Hong.Effects of aquatic vegetation rehabilitation on phosphorus in water and sediments of urban landscape waters.J Lake Sci,2015,27(2):234-242(in Chinese with English abstract).DOI 10.18307/2015.0206.[琚泽文,蔚枝沁,邓泓.水生植被恢复对城市景观水体磷浓度及沉积物磷形态的影响.湖泊科学,2015,27(2):234-242.]
[17]Zhang Chuanguang,Zhang Naiming,Yu Xiufang.Effect of denitrification and dephosphorization of thermal modified clinoptilolite for eutrophic water.Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(5):1665-1670(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).[张传光,张乃明,于秀芳.热改性斜发沸石对富营养化水体的脱氮除磷效果.环境工程学报,2013,7(5):1665-1670.]
[18]Duan Ning,Wu Yiyuan,Zhang Yinfeng.Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of diatomite/zeolite composite adsorbent nitrogen and phosphorus removal.Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2014,33(12):3151-3158(in Chinese with English abstract).[段宁,吴依远,张银凤.硅藻土/沸石复合颗粒吸附材料脱氮除磷的吸附动力学及热力学分析.硅酸盐通报,2014,33(12):3151-3158.]
[19]Yang Mengjuan,Lin Jianwei,Zhan Yanhui et al.Immobilization of phosphate in Taihu Lake sediment-water systems using aluminum-modified zeolites and zirconium-modified Zeolites as Amendments.Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(11):1351-1359(in Chinese with English abstract).[杨孟娟,林建伟,詹艳慧等.铝和锆改性沸石对太湖底泥-水系统中溶解性磷酸盐的固定作用.环境科学研究,2014,27(11):1351-1359.]
[20]Zhang Xiangling,Chen Junjie,Guo Lu et al.Analysis on the removal efficiency and mechanisms of phosphorus by modified zeolites substrates coated with ldhs reacted by different metal compounds in laboratory-scale vertical-flow constructed wetlands.Environmental Science,2014,35(12):4553-4559(in Chinese with English abstract).[张翔凌,陈俊杰,郭露等.垂直流人工湿地LDHs覆膜改性沸石基质强化除磷效果及其机制.环境科学,2014,35(12):4553-4559.]
[21]Akhurst D,Jones GB,Mc Conchie DM.The application of sediment capping on phosphorous speciation and mobility in a sub-tropical dunal lake.Marine and Freshwater Research,2004,55:715-725.
[22]Gibbs MM,Hickey CW,zkundakci D.Sustainability assessment and comparison of efcacy of four P-inactivation agents for managing internal phosphorus loads in lakes:sediment incubations.Hydrobiologia,2011,658:253-275.
[23]Xiong WH,Peng J.Laboratory-scale investigation of ferrihydrite-modified diatomite as a phosphorus co-precipitant.Water,Air and Soil Pollution,2011,215:645-654.
[24]Sun Shiquan,Jiang Changbo,Zhao Gang et al.Influencing factors of zeolite in-situ remediation system to control moderately labile organic phosphorus migration and transformation in shallow water.China Environmental Science,2015,32(2):550-557(in Chinese with English abstract).[孙士权,蒋昌波,赵刚等.沸石覆盖原位控制湖泊内源中等活性有机磷迁移转化.中国环境科学,2015,32(2):550-557.]
[25]Yin HB,Kong M.Reduction of sediment internal P-loading from eutrophic lakes using thermally modied calcium-rich attapulgite-based thin-layer cap.Journal of Environmental Management,2015,151:178-185.
[26]Yang MJ,Lin JW,Zhan YH et al.Immobilization of phosphorus from water and sediment using zirconium-modified zeolites.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22:3606-3619.
[2]Nilsson P,Jansson M.Hydrodynamic control of nitrogen and phosphorus turnover in an eutrophicated estuary in the Baltic.Water Research,2002,36:4616-4626.
[3]Pan G,Dai LC,Li L et al.Reducing the recruitment of sedimented algae and nutrient release into the overlying water using modified soil/sand flocculation-capping in eutrophic lakes.Environmental Science and Technology,2012,46:5077-5084.
[4]Frstner U,Apit SE.Sediment remediation:U.S.focus on capping and monitored natural recovery.Fourth international conference on remediation of contaminated sediment.Journal of Soils and Sediments,2007,7:351-358.
[5]Kim G,Jung W.Role of sand capping in phosphorus release from sediment.Journal of Civil Engineering,2010,14(6):815-821.
[6]Li Dapeng,Huang Yong,Li Xiang.Phosphorus adsorption and immobility by sediments with ferric salt addition.Environmetal Chemistry,2013,32(5):797-802(in Chinese with English abstract).[李大鹏,黄勇,李祥.底泥加入铁盐对水体磷的吸收和固定.环境化学,2013,32(5):797-802.]
[7]Shin EW,Han JS.Phosphate adsorption on aluminium-impregnated mesoporous silicates:Surface structure and behaviour of adsorbents.Environmental Science and Technology,2004,38:912-917.
[8]Berg U,Neumann T,Donnert D et al.Sediment capping in eutrophic lakes-efficiency of undisturbed calcite barriers to immobilize phosphorus.Applied Geochemistry,2004,19(11):1759-1771.
[9]Lin JW,Zhan YH,Zhu ZL.Evaluation of sediment capping with active barrier system(ABS)using calcite/zeolite mixtures to simultaneously manage phosphorus and ammonium release.Science of the Total Environment,2011,409:638-646.
[10]Huang TL,Zhou ZM,Xu JL et al.Biozeolite capping for reducing nitrogen load of the ancient in Yangzhou City.Water Science and Technology,2012,66(2):336-344.
[11]zkundakci D,Hamilton DP,Gibbs MM.Hypolimnetic phosphorus and nitrogen dynamics in a small,eutrophic lake with a seasonally anoxic hypolimnion.Hydrobiologia,2011,661:5-20.
[12]Meis S,Spears BM,Maberly SC et al.Sediment amendment with phoslock in Clatto reservoir(Dundee,UK):Investigating changes in sediment elemental composition and phosphorus fractionation.Journal of Environmental Management,2012,93(1):185-193.
[13]Zhou Zhenming.In situ remediation of contaminated sediment using combined biological and physicochemical technology in the urban rivers and lakes[Dissertation].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,2013(in Chinese with English abstract).[周真明.城市河湖污染底泥原位生物/物化组合修复技术研究[学位论文].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2013.]
[14]State Environmental Protection Administration(SEPA)of China ed.Monitoring and analyzing methods of water and wastewater,4th ed.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2002(in Chinese).[国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法:第4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.]
[15]Jin Xingcan,Tu Qingying eds.Eutrophication investigation specification of lakes,2th ed.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1990(in Chinese).[金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范:第2版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.]
[16]Ju Zewen,Wei Zhiqin,Dong Hong.Effects of aquatic vegetation rehabilitation on phosphorus in water and sediments of urban landscape waters.J Lake Sci,2015,27(2):234-242(in Chinese with English abstract).DOI 10.18307/2015.0206.[琚泽文,蔚枝沁,邓泓.水生植被恢复对城市景观水体磷浓度及沉积物磷形态的影响.湖泊科学,2015,27(2):234-242.]
[17]Zhang Chuanguang,Zhang Naiming,Yu Xiufang.Effect of denitrification and dephosphorization of thermal modified clinoptilolite for eutrophic water.Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(5):1665-1670(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).[张传光,张乃明,于秀芳.热改性斜发沸石对富营养化水体的脱氮除磷效果.环境工程学报,2013,7(5):1665-1670.]
[18]Duan Ning,Wu Yiyuan,Zhang Yinfeng.Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of diatomite/zeolite composite adsorbent nitrogen and phosphorus removal.Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2014,33(12):3151-3158(in Chinese with English abstract).[段宁,吴依远,张银凤.硅藻土/沸石复合颗粒吸附材料脱氮除磷的吸附动力学及热力学分析.硅酸盐通报,2014,33(12):3151-3158.]
[19]Yang Mengjuan,Lin Jianwei,Zhan Yanhui et al.Immobilization of phosphate in Taihu Lake sediment-water systems using aluminum-modified zeolites and zirconium-modified Zeolites as Amendments.Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(11):1351-1359(in Chinese with English abstract).[杨孟娟,林建伟,詹艳慧等.铝和锆改性沸石对太湖底泥-水系统中溶解性磷酸盐的固定作用.环境科学研究,2014,27(11):1351-1359.]
[20]Zhang Xiangling,Chen Junjie,Guo Lu et al.Analysis on the removal efficiency and mechanisms of phosphorus by modified zeolites substrates coated with ldhs reacted by different metal compounds in laboratory-scale vertical-flow constructed wetlands.Environmental Science,2014,35(12):4553-4559(in Chinese with English abstract).[张翔凌,陈俊杰,郭露等.垂直流人工湿地LDHs覆膜改性沸石基质强化除磷效果及其机制.环境科学,2014,35(12):4553-4559.]
[21]Akhurst D,Jones GB,Mc Conchie DM.The application of sediment capping on phosphorous speciation and mobility in a sub-tropical dunal lake.Marine and Freshwater Research,2004,55:715-725.
[22]Gibbs MM,Hickey CW,zkundakci D.Sustainability assessment and comparison of efcacy of four P-inactivation agents for managing internal phosphorus loads in lakes:sediment incubations.Hydrobiologia,2011,658:253-275.
[23]Xiong WH,Peng J.Laboratory-scale investigation of ferrihydrite-modified diatomite as a phosphorus co-precipitant.Water,Air and Soil Pollution,2011,215:645-654.
[24]Sun Shiquan,Jiang Changbo,Zhao Gang et al.Influencing factors of zeolite in-situ remediation system to control moderately labile organic phosphorus migration and transformation in shallow water.China Environmental Science,2015,32(2):550-557(in Chinese with English abstract).[孙士权,蒋昌波,赵刚等.沸石覆盖原位控制湖泊内源中等活性有机磷迁移转化.中国环境科学,2015,32(2):550-557.]
[25]Yin HB,Kong M.Reduction of sediment internal P-loading from eutrophic lakes using thermally modied calcium-rich attapulgite-based thin-layer cap.Journal of Environmental Management,2015,151:178-185.
[26]Yang MJ,Lin JW,Zhan YH et al.Immobilization of phosphorus from water and sediment using zirconium-modified zeolites.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22:3606-3619.