家蚕胚胎对重离子射线的辐射敏感性
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摘要
以家蚕卵作为放射线生物影响研究的材料,用氦离子射线4He2+(12.5 Me V/u,水中射程1.5 mm)、碳离子射线12C5+(18.3 Me V/u,水中射程1.1 mm)和氖离子射线20Ne8+(17.5 Me V/u,水中射程0.6 mm)对供试蚕卵进行整体照射或局部照射,考察重离子射线对家蚕胚胎发育的影响。以照射后的孵化率为指标,调查发现家蚕胚胎对重离子辐射的敏感性随照射剂量的增加而增大;不同发育时期胚胎对重离子射线的辐射敏感性为早期胚胎的敏感性大于后期胚胎,以产卵后3 d内的胚胎对辐射的敏感性最高,产卵4 d以后胚胎的敏感性急速下降;家蚕胚胎对不同种类重离子射线的辐射敏感性不同,对射程长的4He2+和12C5+的辐射敏感性高于射程短的20Ne8+;蚕卵的受精核部位较非受精核部位对重离子射线的敏感性强。研究结果表明:不同发育阶段的家蚕胚胎对重离子射线的辐射敏感性、同一发育时期的胚胎对不同种类重离子射线的辐射敏感性以及蚕卵的受精核部位与非受精核部位对重离子射线的辐射敏感性均存在差异。
In present study,the impact of radioactive rays on organisms was study by using Bombyx mori eggs as the experimental materials. Different heavy ion beams(4He2 +,12. 5 Me V/u,range in water =1. 5 mm;12C5 +,18. 3 Me V/u,range in water = 1. 1 mm; and20Ne8 +,17. 5 Me V/u,range in water =0. 6 mm) were used to conduct overall or local irradiatatiom on silkworm eggs. The impact of heavy ion beams on silkworm embryos were investigated by taking hatchability as the index. The result showed that the radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos to heavy ions was increased with irradiation dose. The radiosensitivity of early embryos was higher than that of late embryos. The radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos within 3 d post oviposition was the highest,and it declined rapidly at 4 d post oviposition. The radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos to various heavy ion beams was different. The radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos to long range heavy ion beam4He2 +was higher than that to20Ne8 +which has short range. Compared with the non-fertilized nuclear site of silkworm egg,the radiosensitivity of fertilized nuclei was higher to heavy ion beam. These results indicate that there was significant difference in radiosensitivity between silkworm embryos at different developmental stages,between different kinds of heavy ion beams on silkworm embryos at the same developmental stage,and between fertilized nuclei and non-fertilized nuclei of silkworm eggs.
In present study,the impact of radioactive rays on organisms was study by using Bombyx mori eggs as the experimental materials. Different heavy ion beams(4He2 +,12. 5 Me V/u,range in water =1. 5 mm;12C5 +,18. 3 Me V/u,range in water = 1. 1 mm; and20Ne8 +,17. 5 Me V/u,range in water =0. 6 mm) were used to conduct overall or local irradiatatiom on silkworm eggs. The impact of heavy ion beams on silkworm embryos were investigated by taking hatchability as the index. The result showed that the radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos to heavy ions was increased with irradiation dose. The radiosensitivity of early embryos was higher than that of late embryos. The radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos within 3 d post oviposition was the highest,and it declined rapidly at 4 d post oviposition. The radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos to various heavy ion beams was different. The radiosensitivity of silkworm embryos to long range heavy ion beam4He2 +was higher than that to20Ne8 +which has short range. Compared with the non-fertilized nuclear site of silkworm egg,the radiosensitivity of fertilized nuclei was higher to heavy ion beam. These results indicate that there was significant difference in radiosensitivity between silkworm embryos at different developmental stages,between different kinds of heavy ion beams on silkworm embryos at the same developmental stage,and between fertilized nuclei and non-fertilized nuclei of silkworm eggs.
引文
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[17]LING E,SHIRAI K,KANEKATSU R,et al.Contribution of circulating hemocytes to the regeneration of heavy ion beams(12C5+)irradiated hematopoietic organs in the silkworm,Bombyx mori,through the way of phagocytosis of injured cells after invasion[J].Dev Comp Immunol,2006,30(6):531-543
[18]MURAKAMI A,MIKI M.Age-dependent changes of radiosensitivity in embryo of Bombyx mori[J].J Radiat Res,1972,13(4):183-192
[19]屠振力.重离子射线照射对家蚕的生物影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(18):5098-5105
[20]BLAKELY E A,KRONENBERG A.Heavy-ion radiobiology:new approaches to delineate mechanisms underlying enhanced biological effectiveness[J].Radiat Res,1998,150(Suppl 5):126-145
[2]BLAKELY E A.Cell inactivation by heavy charged particles[J].Radiat Environ Biophys,1992,31(3):181-196
[3]IIDA T,ABE T,FUJITAKA K,et al.Radiation environment between seabed and space[J].Radioisotopes,1998,47:493-509
[4]GOODHEAD D T.Initial events in the cellular effects of ionizing radiation:clustered damage in DNA[J].Int J Radiat Biology,1994,65(1):7-17
[5]RYDBERG B,LOBROCH M,COOPER P K.DNA double-strand breaks induced by high-energy neon and iron ions in human fibroblasts.1.Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis method[J].Radiat Res,1994,139(2):133-141
[6]TANAKA A,SHIMIZU T,YOKOTA Y,et al.Effects of heavy ions on the germination and survival of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Int J Radiat Biology,1997,72(1):121-127
[7]HASE Y,SHIMONO K,INOUE M,et al.Biological effects of ionbeams in Nicotiana tabacum L.[J].Radiat Environ Biophys,1999,38(2):111-115
[8]HENNEBERRY T,SULLIVAN W.Effest of gamma-radiation on eggs of the silkworm[J].Nature,1963,200:1121-1122
[9]MIKI M,MURAKAMI A.γ-ray-induced mutations of female primordial germ-cells during organogenesis in the silkworm(Bombyx mori L.)[J].J Seri Sci Jpn,1979,48(1):59-64
[10]NAKAJIMA M,TAKIMOTO T,MIYAKODA T.Radiation effects on silkworm,Bombyx mori L.,with special reference to the changes in the frequencies of induced somatic mutations during different stages of larval development[J].J Seri Sci Jpn,1972,41(5):359-364
[11]KURATA K.Effects of60Coγ-irradiation on the synthesis of nucleic acids in the posterior silk gland and on the cocoon shell weight of the silkworm,Bombyx mori[J].J Seri Sci Jpn,1983,52(4):336-340
[12]孙辉,刘朝良,穆莉,等.60Co-γ辐射对家蚕生长发育的影响[J].激光生物学报,2008,17(3):327-332
[13]TU Z L,KOBAYASHI Y,KIGUCHI K,et al.Applicability of radiosurgery with heavy ion beams to inactivate specific organs in living organisms[J].Radiat Environ Biophys,2002,41(3):231-234
[14]TU Z L,KOBAYASHI Y,KIGUCHI K,et al.Effects of heavy-ion radiosurgery on the hemopoietic function of the silkworm Bombyx mori[J].Radiat Res,2002,43(3):269-275
[15]TU Z L,SHI M,KOBAYASHI Y,et al.Antibacterial activity of silkworm hemolymph after hemopoietic organ being injured with radiosurgery[J].J Appl Entomol,2004,128(9/10):687-690
[16]徐世清,木口憲爾,凌尔军,等,重离子射线照射后家蚕胚胎造血器官的修复再生[J].辐射研究与辐射工艺学报,2003,21(2):143-147
[17]LING E,SHIRAI K,KANEKATSU R,et al.Contribution of circulating hemocytes to the regeneration of heavy ion beams(12C5+)irradiated hematopoietic organs in the silkworm,Bombyx mori,through the way of phagocytosis of injured cells after invasion[J].Dev Comp Immunol,2006,30(6):531-543
[18]MURAKAMI A,MIKI M.Age-dependent changes of radiosensitivity in embryo of Bombyx mori[J].J Radiat Res,1972,13(4):183-192
[19]屠振力.重离子射线照射对家蚕的生物影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(18):5098-5105
[20]BLAKELY E A,KRONENBERG A.Heavy-ion radiobiology:new approaches to delineate mechanisms underlying enhanced biological effectiveness[J].Radiat Res,1998,150(Suppl 5):126-145