家蚕幼虫不同组织器官对碳离子射线(~(12)C~(5+))的辐射敏感性
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摘要
以家蚕为模式研究不同组织器官对重离子射线的辐射敏感性,以及重离子射线照射后对家蚕生殖、吐丝、变态等的影响。用10~40 Gy剂量的碳离子射线(12C5+)照射雌性熟蚕卵巢,其造卵数随照射剂量的增加而逐渐减少,当照射剂量为50 Gy时已完全不能造卵;照射幼虫的龄期越小,对卵巢造卵数的影响越大;精巢对12C5+射线的辐射敏感性与卵巢相似。雌性熟蚕第11~13体节的腹部以20~30 Gy剂量的12C5+射线照射后,成虫产下卵的产附性能下降,外生殖器形态异常;以40 Gy剂量照射后,成虫不能交尾且产下无胶粘性的散卵。熟蚕的复眼触角原基、左侧翅原基以30 Gy左右剂量的12C5+射线照射后成虫形态出现异常,照射剂量为50 Gy时成虫的复眼和触角完全缺失,照射剂量为80 Gy时左侧翅缺失。以剂量为150 Gy的12C5+射线照射熟蚕第8体节背侧,会导致成虫的鳞毛减少,照射剂量为200 Gy时鳞毛缺失。以剂量为500 Gy的12C5+射线照射熟蚕头部背面和腹面,引起吐丝营茧行为异常,照射剂量为1 kGy时熟蚕已完全不能吐丝。由此认为:家蚕不同组织器官对12C5+射线的辐射敏感性不同,以生殖腺最为敏感,其后依次为粘液腺原基、外部生殖器、复眼触角原基、翅原基、真皮层,而头部神经系统表现出对12C5+射线的高度耐受性;发育早期进行照射的生物学效应更明显;各组织器官对12C5+射线的辐射敏感性均呈现剂量效应。
Silkworm( Bombyx mori) was used as model organism to study the radiosensitivity of different tissues and organs to heavy ion beams and the impact of heavy metal beams on reproduction,spinning,and metamorphosis of silkworm. When the ovaries of female mature larvae were irradiated with 10-40 Gy of carbon ion beam(12C5 +),the number of laid eggs was reduced with the increase of irradiation dose,and no egg was laid at dose of 50 Gy. The younger the irradiated larvae were,the greater the effect on egg number was. Similar effects were observed in testes. Irradiation of12C5 +beam at 20-30 Gy dose to the 11th-13 th ventral segment of female mature larvae resulted in abnormal aspect of laid egg and morphology of adult genialia,and that at 40 Gy dose lead to un-mating and loose eggs. Eye-antenna discs and left wing discs showed abnormality when irradiated with 30 Gy of12C5 +beam. Irradiation with 50 Gy dose resulted in complete deficiency of antenna and compound eye. Irradiation with 80 Gy dose led to removal of left wing. Irradiation of12C5 +beam at 150 Gy dose to the 8th dorsal segment of mature larvae resulted in reduction of adult scaly hair,and that at 200 Gy dose led to removal of scaly hair. Irradiation of12C5 +beam at 500 Gy dose to dorsal and ventral parts of mature larval head resulted in abnormal spinning behavior, and that at 1 kGy inhibited spinning completely. Hereby,different tissues and organs of silkworm had different sensitivity to irradiation of12C5 +beam.The most sensitive organ was gonad,followed by mucous gland discs,the external genitalia,the eye-antenna discsand wing discs,and then the dermal layer,while the nervous system of silkworm head showed high resistance to12C5 +beam radiation. Obviously,bio-effect of irradiation was more obvious in the early developmental stage,and all silkworm tissues and organs were sensitive to12C5 +beam irradiation in a dose dependent pattern.
Silkworm( Bombyx mori) was used as model organism to study the radiosensitivity of different tissues and organs to heavy ion beams and the impact of heavy metal beams on reproduction,spinning,and metamorphosis of silkworm. When the ovaries of female mature larvae were irradiated with 10-40 Gy of carbon ion beam(12C5 +),the number of laid eggs was reduced with the increase of irradiation dose,and no egg was laid at dose of 50 Gy. The younger the irradiated larvae were,the greater the effect on egg number was. Similar effects were observed in testes. Irradiation of12C5 +beam at 20-30 Gy dose to the 11th-13 th ventral segment of female mature larvae resulted in abnormal aspect of laid egg and morphology of adult genialia,and that at 40 Gy dose lead to un-mating and loose eggs. Eye-antenna discs and left wing discs showed abnormality when irradiated with 30 Gy of12C5 +beam. Irradiation with 50 Gy dose resulted in complete deficiency of antenna and compound eye. Irradiation with 80 Gy dose led to removal of left wing. Irradiation of12C5 +beam at 150 Gy dose to the 8th dorsal segment of mature larvae resulted in reduction of adult scaly hair,and that at 200 Gy dose led to removal of scaly hair. Irradiation of12C5 +beam at 500 Gy dose to dorsal and ventral parts of mature larval head resulted in abnormal spinning behavior, and that at 1 kGy inhibited spinning completely. Hereby,different tissues and organs of silkworm had different sensitivity to irradiation of12C5 +beam.The most sensitive organ was gonad,followed by mucous gland discs,the external genitalia,the eye-antenna discsand wing discs,and then the dermal layer,while the nervous system of silkworm head showed high resistance to12C5 +beam radiation. Obviously,bio-effect of irradiation was more obvious in the early developmental stage,and all silkworm tissues and organs were sensitive to12C5 +beam irradiation in a dose dependent pattern.
引文
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[17]Tu Z L,Shi M,Kobayashi Y,et al.Antibacterial activity of silkworm hemolymph after hemopoietic organ being injured with radiosurgery[J].J Appl Entomol,2004,128(9/10):687-690
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[19]Ling E,Shirai K,Kanekatsu R,et al.Contribution of circulating hemocytes to the regeneration of heavy ion beams(12C5+)irradiated hematopoietic organs in the silkworm,Bombyx mori,through the way of phagocytosis of injured cells after invasion[J].Dev Comp Immunol,2006,30(6):531-543
[20]Goodhead D T.Initial events in the cellular effects of ionizing radiation:clustered damage in DNA[J].Int J Radiat Biology,1994,65(1):7-17
[21]Rydberg B,Lbrich M,Cooper P K.DNA double-strand breaks induced by high-energy neon and iron ions in human fibroblasts.1.Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis method[J].Radiat Res,1994,139(2):133-141
[22]Blakely E A,Kronenberg A.Heavy-ion radiobiology:new approaches to delineate mechanisms underlying enhanced biological effectiveness[J].Radiat Res,1998,150(5):126-145
[23]孟紫强,张波,秦国华.二氧化硫对小鼠不同组织器官的氧化损伤作用[J].环境科学学报,2001,21(6):768-773
[24]乔琰,何胡军,牛丹丹,等.甲醛吸入对小鼠不同组织器官谷胱苷肽水平的影响[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2004,15(5):12-14
[25]Yamaguchi H.Radiation biology[M].Tokyo:Japan Shokabo Press,1995:124-135
[26]Murakami A,Miki M.Age-dependent changes of radiosensitivity in embryo of Bombyx mori[J].J Radiat Res,1972,13(4):183-192
[2]Nakajima M,Takimoto T,Miyakoda T.Radiation effects on silkworm,Bombyx mori L.,with special reference to the changes in the frequencies of induced somatic mutations during different stages of larval development[J].J Seri Sci Jpn,1972,41(5):359-364
[3]Miki M,Murakami A.γ-ray-induced mutations of female primordial germ-cells during organogenesis in the silkworm(Bombyx mori L.)[J].J Seri Sci Jpn,1979,48(1):59-64
[4]Kurata K.Effects of60Coγ-irradiation on the synthesis of nucleic acids in the posterior silk gland and on the cocoon shell weight of the silkworm,Bombyx mori[J].J Seri Sci Jpn,1983,52(4):336-340
[5]孙辉,刘朝良,穆莉,等.60Co-γ辐射对家蚕生长发育的影响[J],激光生物学报,2008,17(3):327-332
[6]Takeda K,Tanaka Y.Effects of X-rays on the homocytes of the silkworm,Bombyx mori[J].Nihon Isotopes Kaigihoubunsyu(Ouyouseika:Nougaku),1963,4(2):234-236
[7]Gamo T,Nishiyama H,Konayashi A.Studies on the influence of radio-active rays upon the physiological functions of the silkworm,Bombyx mori L.(Ⅲ):on the effects of concentration of ingested radio-isotopes on the number of hemocytes of the silkworm[J].Bull Sci Fac Textile Shinshu Univ,1959,9(1):83-91
[8]Kraft G.Radiobiological effects of very heavy ions:inactivation,induction of chromosome aberrations and strand breaks[J].Nucl Sci Appl,1987,3(1):1-28
[9]Blakely E A.Cell inactivation by heavy charged particles[J].Radiat Environ Biophys,1992,31(3):181-196
[10]Tanaka A,Tano S,Chantes T,et al.A new Arabidopsis mutant induced by ion beams affects flavonoid synthesis with spotted pigmentation in testa[J].Genes Genet Syst,1997,72(3):141-148
[11]Castro J R,Saunders W M,Austin-Seymour M M,et al.A phaseⅠ-Ⅱtrial of heavy charged particle irradiation of malignant glioma of the brain:a Northern California oncology group study[J].Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys,1985,11(10):1795-1800
[12]Saunders W M,Chen G T,Austin-Seymour M,et al.Precision,high dose radiotherapy.Ⅱ.Helium ion treatment of tumors adjacent to critical central nervous system structure[J].Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys,1985,11(7):1339-1347
[13]Akanuma A,Matsutani M.Foundation and present condition of heavy ion beams application(Application to radiotherapy)[J].Radioisotopes,1995,44(5):920-927
[14]Austin-Seymour M,Munzenrider J,Goitein M,et al.Fractionated proton radiation therapy of chordoma and low-grade chondrosarcoma of the base of the skull[J].J Neurosurg,1989,70(1):13-17
[15]Tu Z L,Kobayashi Y,Kiguchi K,et al.Applicability of radiosurgery with heavy ion beams to inactivate specific organs in living organisms[J].Radiat Environ Biophys,2002,41(3):231-234
[16]Tu Z L,Kobayashi Y,Kiguchi K,et al.Effects of heavy-ion radiosurgery on the hemopoietic function of the silkworm Bombyx mori[J].J Radiat Res,2002,43(3):269-275
[17]Tu Z L,Shi M,Kobayashi Y,et al.Antibacterial activity of silkworm hemolymph after hemopoietic organ being injured with radiosurgery[J].J Appl Entomol,2004,128(9/10):687-690
[18]屠振力,黄衍峰,小林泰彦.家蚕幼虫的造血器官对重离子射线12C5+的感受性[J].农业生物技术学报,2004,12(5):564-567
[19]Ling E,Shirai K,Kanekatsu R,et al.Contribution of circulating hemocytes to the regeneration of heavy ion beams(12C5+)irradiated hematopoietic organs in the silkworm,Bombyx mori,through the way of phagocytosis of injured cells after invasion[J].Dev Comp Immunol,2006,30(6):531-543
[20]Goodhead D T.Initial events in the cellular effects of ionizing radiation:clustered damage in DNA[J].Int J Radiat Biology,1994,65(1):7-17
[21]Rydberg B,Lbrich M,Cooper P K.DNA double-strand breaks induced by high-energy neon and iron ions in human fibroblasts.1.Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis method[J].Radiat Res,1994,139(2):133-141
[22]Blakely E A,Kronenberg A.Heavy-ion radiobiology:new approaches to delineate mechanisms underlying enhanced biological effectiveness[J].Radiat Res,1998,150(5):126-145
[23]孟紫强,张波,秦国华.二氧化硫对小鼠不同组织器官的氧化损伤作用[J].环境科学学报,2001,21(6):768-773
[24]乔琰,何胡军,牛丹丹,等.甲醛吸入对小鼠不同组织器官谷胱苷肽水平的影响[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2004,15(5):12-14
[25]Yamaguchi H.Radiation biology[M].Tokyo:Japan Shokabo Press,1995:124-135
[26]Murakami A,Miki M.Age-dependent changes of radiosensitivity in embryo of Bombyx mori[J].J Radiat Res,1972,13(4):183-192