武陵山区小流域不同年龄结构杜仲人工林生物量研究
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摘要
为给杜仲林的经营管理提供科学依据,采用收获法,以武陵山区小流域不同年龄结构杜仲人工林作为研究对象,对其生物量进行研究。结果表明:在立地条件基本相同的情况下,杜仲人工林生物量随年龄增大而增加。27年生杜仲人工林单株生物量显著高于5年生杜仲人工林,单株各器官按照生物量由高到低排序均为干、根、枝、皮、叶;在林分生物量组成中,乔木层所占比例最大(74.04%),枯落物层次之(15.92%)。27年生杜仲人工林乔木层生物量为510 741.82 kg/hm2,明显高出5年生杜仲人工林;27年生杜仲人工林年平均净生产力为26 782.13 kg/(hm2·a),高于其它年龄段杜仲人工林,在各林分中以树干的净生产力最高,树皮最低。
In order to offer a scientific basis for operating and management of Eucommia ulmoides forest, biomasses of the E. ulmoides plantations with different age structures at small watershed of Wuling Mountain Region were studied by using harvest method. The results showed that in the basically same site conditions, biomasses of E. ulmoides plantations were increased with age. Biomass of single 27-year-old plant in E. ulmoides plantations was significantly higher than that of single 5-year-old plant. The order of different organs based on single plant biomass from high to low was stem, root, branch, peel, leaf. In the case of stand biomass composition, tree layer accounted for the largest proportion, and litter layer was the second. Biomass of tree layer in E. ulmoides plantations at 27 years old was 510 741.82 kg/hm2, which was obviously higher than that in E. ulmoides plantations at 5 years old. Annual average net production of E. ulmoidesplantations at 27 years old was 26 782.13 kg/(hm2·a), which was higher than the plantations at the other age stages. Net production of stem was the highest, and that of bark was the lowest.
In order to offer a scientific basis for operating and management of Eucommia ulmoides forest, biomasses of the E. ulmoides plantations with different age structures at small watershed of Wuling Mountain Region were studied by using harvest method. The results showed that in the basically same site conditions, biomasses of E. ulmoides plantations were increased with age. Biomass of single 27-year-old plant in E. ulmoides plantations was significantly higher than that of single 5-year-old plant. The order of different organs based on single plant biomass from high to low was stem, root, branch, peel, leaf. In the case of stand biomass composition, tree layer accounted for the largest proportion, and litter layer was the second. Biomass of tree layer in E. ulmoides plantations at 27 years old was 510 741.82 kg/hm2, which was obviously higher than that in E. ulmoides plantations at 5 years old. Annual average net production of E. ulmoidesplantations at 27 years old was 26 782.13 kg/(hm2·a), which was higher than the plantations at the other age stages. Net production of stem was the highest, and that of bark was the lowest.
引文
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[3]文仕知.黧蒴栲林生物量及生产力的研究[C]//刘煊章.森林生态系统定位研究.北京:中国林业出版社,1993:42-48.
[4]朱琳琳,张萌新,赵竑绯,等.不同经营措施对毛竹林生物量与碳储量的影响[J].经济林研究,2014,32(1):58-64.
[5]李淑花.第二代杉木人工林生物量的估测与分布特征研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2006.
[6]樊后保,李燕燕,黄玉梓.马尾松-细叶青冈混交林的生物量及其生产力结构[J].中南林学院学报,2005,25(6):38-41.
[7]陈兆先,何友军,柏方敏,等.林分密度对马尾松飞播林生物产量及生产力的影响[J].中南林学院学报,2001,21(1):44-47.
[8]何功秀.桤木人工林根系形态、生物量和养分分布特性[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2008.
[9]王成,金永焕,刘继生,等.延边地区天然赤松林单木根系生物量的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1999,21(1):44-49.
[10]张翼,郭文清,杨骏,等.马尾松次生林蓄积量与生物量相关性研究[J].湖南林业科技,2014,41(4):31-34.
[11]匡冬姣,雷丕锋.不同林龄杉木人工林细根生物量及分布特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(6):70-73.
[12]郭琦,王新杰.不同混交模式杉木人工林林下植被生物量与土壤物理性质研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(5):70-73.
[13]曹云,欧阳志云,黄志刚,等.中亚热带杜仲人工林对降雨资源再分配的水文特征[J].资源科学,2007,(2):52-59.
[14]宋留高,闫双喜,王卫国,等.杜仲幼树生长规律的研究[J].河北林学院学报,1996,(S1):21-24.
[15]潘攀,李荣伟,覃志刚,等.杜仲人工林生物量和生产力研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2000,(1):72-78.
[16]周政贤,谢双喜.杜仲人工林生物量及生产力研究[J].林业科学研究,1994,7(6):646-651.
[17]潘维俦,田大伦.森林生态系统第一性生产量的测定技术与方法[J].湖南林业科技,1981,8(2):1-12.