峨眉山种子植物的垂直分布研究
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摘要
在野外调查的基础上,结合查阅相关资料,对峨眉山种子植物的垂直分布特征进行了统计分析。峨眉山种子植物共2 876种,含物种数大于10的科70个,物种数随海拔升高呈现先增加后减少的单峰变化格局,在海拔1 100~1 900 m范围内达到最大,为1 260种。各植被带内不同生活型植物占该带总物种数比例随海拔高度增加呈不同变化趋势,乔木、藤本植物为单峰分布,在海拔1 100~1 900 m最高,分别为27.9%和6.9%;草本植物先减少后增加,灌木则随海拔增高呈递减趋势。自然植被垂直带是各自然要素综合作用的结果,研究种子植物的垂直分布规律对了解该区域自然环境特点具有重要意义。
In this paper, based on field surveys and relevant information, a statistic analysis was made on the altitudinal distribution characteristics of seed plants in Mount Emei. The results showed that there were 2 876 recorded seed plant species, in which there were70 families having at least 10 species each. The species number showed a unimodal change pattern which increased first and then decreased with the rise of altitude, and reached a maximum of 1 260 at an altitude range of 1 100 ~1 900 m. The proportion of different life-form plants in the total plant species in each vegetation zone showed different change trends with the rise of altitude in which trees and vine plants had a unimodal distribution and reached a maximum of 27.9% and 6.9% respectively at an altitude range of 1 100~1 900 m while herbaceous plant species decreased first and then increased and shrub species decreased with the rise of altitude. Altitudinal zones of natural vegetation are the results of combined actions of natural elements and a study on altitudinal distribution regularities of seed plants in a region is of significance in understanding the natural environment characteristics.
In this paper, based on field surveys and relevant information, a statistic analysis was made on the altitudinal distribution characteristics of seed plants in Mount Emei. The results showed that there were 2 876 recorded seed plant species, in which there were70 families having at least 10 species each. The species number showed a unimodal change pattern which increased first and then decreased with the rise of altitude, and reached a maximum of 1 260 at an altitude range of 1 100 ~1 900 m. The proportion of different life-form plants in the total plant species in each vegetation zone showed different change trends with the rise of altitude in which trees and vine plants had a unimodal distribution and reached a maximum of 27.9% and 6.9% respectively at an altitude range of 1 100~1 900 m while herbaceous plant species decreased first and then increased and shrub species decreased with the rise of altitude. Altitudinal zones of natural vegetation are the results of combined actions of natural elements and a study on altitudinal distribution regularities of seed plants in a region is of significance in understanding the natural environment characteristics.
引文
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[14]四川省地方志编撰委员会.峨眉山志[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1996.
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[17]祝正银.峨眉山旋花科植物一新种[J].植物研究,2004(3):257-258.
[18]祝正银.峨眉山菊三七属植物二新种[J].植物研究,2006(6):644-647.
[19]孙建,程根伟.山地垂直带谱研究评述[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(9):1544-1550.
[20]Li C G.The natural vertical zones on the east slope of Mt.Emei in Sichuan province[J].Mount Res(China),1990(8):39-44.
[2]宗盛伟,吴正方,杜海波.近52 a长白山苔原带生长季气候变化特征[J].干旱区研究,2013,30(1):41-49.
[3]孙广友.青藏高原苔原自然带谱及复式三维地带模式[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(1):1-10
[4]李旭光.四川省峨眉山森林植被垂直分布的初步研究[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1984(1):52-66.
[5]黎昌谷.峨眉山东坡垂直自然带[J].山地研究,1990(1):39-44.
[6]庄平.峨眉山特有种子植物的初步研究[J].生物多样性,1998(3):53-59.
[7]TANG C Q.Forest vegetation as related to climate and soil conditions at varying altitudes on a humid subtropical mountain,Mount Emei,Sichuan,China[J].Ecological Research,2006,21(2):174-180.
[8]TANG C Q.and Masahiko Ohsawa.Zonal transition of evergreen,deciduous,and coniferous forests along the altitudinal gradient on a humid subtropical mountain,Mt.Emei,Sichuan,China.[J].Plant Ecology,1997,133(1):63-78.
[9]唐志尧,方精云.植物物种多样性的垂直分布格局[J].生物多样性,2004(1):20-28.
[10]Acebey A R,Kr mer T,Kessler M.Species richness and vertical distribution of ferns and lycophytes along an elevational gradient in Los Tuxtlas,Veracruz,Mexico[J].FloraMorphology Distribution Functional Ecology of Plants,2017.
[11]谷海燕,李策宏.峨眉山常绿落叶阔叶混交林的生物多样性及植物区系初探[J].植物研究,2006(5):618-623.
[12]SHARMA C M,GHILDIYAL S K,GAIROLAS,et al.Vegetation structure,composition and diversity in relation to the soil characteristics of temperate mixed broad-leaved forest along an altitudinal gradient in Garhwal Himalaya[J].Indian Journal of Science and Technology,2009,2(7):39-45.
[13]Yu Hua.Distribution of plant species richness along elevation gradient in Hubei Province,China[C].International Institute for Earth System Science,Nanjing University,2004.
[14]四川省地方志编撰委员会.峨眉山志[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1996.
[15]李振宇,石雷.峨眉山植物[M].北京:科技出版社,2007.
[16]王一丁.四川峨眉山寄蝇的垂直分布研究(双翅目:寄蝇科)[J].四川师范大学学报(自然科学版),1992(3):87-91,99.
[17]祝正银.峨眉山旋花科植物一新种[J].植物研究,2004(3):257-258.
[18]祝正银.峨眉山菊三七属植物二新种[J].植物研究,2006(6):644-647.
[19]孙建,程根伟.山地垂直带谱研究评述[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(9):1544-1550.
[20]Li C G.The natural vertical zones on the east slope of Mt.Emei in Sichuan province[J].Mount Res(China),1990(8):39-44.