黄脉爵床棒孢霉叶斑病病原菌及其生物学特性鉴定
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摘要
明确黄脉爵床棒孢霉叶斑病病原菌及其生物学特性,为防控提供理论依据。通过病原菌分离、形态特征观察、致病性测定、rDNA-ITS序列分析、生物学特性及寄主范围测定等研究,证明该病病原菌为山扁豆生棒孢Corynespora cassiicola;菌丝生长及产孢适宜温度20℃～28℃,孢子萌发适宜温度24℃～32℃,菌丝致死温度49℃处理10 min;菌丝生长适宜pH 6～10,产孢适宜pH 4～8,孢子萌发最适pH 8;光暗交替适合菌丝生长与产孢,连续光照可抑制菌丝生长;菌丝生长量由少到多培养基顺序为CA、PCA、PDA、CMA、OA,而PDA上产孢最多;刺伤接种,病菌可侵染喜树(Camptotheca acuminata)等植物。黄脉爵床棒孢霉叶斑病病原为山扁豆生棒孢C.cassiicola,病菌易产孢,寄主广,潜育期短。该病菌侵染黄脉爵床为首次报道。
Appropriate spacing present experiment was conducted to clarify species and biological characteristics of Corynespora leaf spot pathogen isolated from Sanchezia nobilis. Based on pathogen isolation,morphological characteristics observation,pathogenicity test,analysis of rDNA-ITS sequence,biological characteristic test,and host range examination,the Senchezia nobilis Corynespora leaf spot pathogen was identified as Corynespora cassiicola. The suitable temperature for mycelial growth and sporulation of C.cassiicola ranged from 20℃ to 28℃.The suitable temperature for spore germination of C. cassiicola ranged from 24℃ to 32℃. The lethal temperature for mycelial growth was 50℃ for 10 min. The suitable pHs for mycelial growth and sporulation ranged from 6 to10 and from 4 to 8,respectively. The optimum pH for spore germination was 8. Alternation of light and darkness was beneficial for mycelial growth and sporulation. Continuous illumination inhibited the mycelial growth. The order of media suitable for mycelial growth were CA,PCA,PDA,CMA and OA in sequence. PDA was the most suitable medium for sporulation. The pathogen could infect multiple plant species such as Camptotheca acuminate and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis under wound inoculation conditions. The pathogen could easily produce conidia on common media without specific environmental requirements,and showed a wide host range and a short latent period of infection. This is the first report of Corynespora cassiicola causing leaf spot on Sanchezia nobilis.
Appropriate spacing present experiment was conducted to clarify species and biological characteristics of Corynespora leaf spot pathogen isolated from Sanchezia nobilis. Based on pathogen isolation,morphological characteristics observation,pathogenicity test,analysis of rDNA-ITS sequence,biological characteristic test,and host range examination,the Senchezia nobilis Corynespora leaf spot pathogen was identified as Corynespora cassiicola. The suitable temperature for mycelial growth and sporulation of C.cassiicola ranged from 20℃ to 28℃.The suitable temperature for spore germination of C. cassiicola ranged from 24℃ to 32℃. The lethal temperature for mycelial growth was 50℃ for 10 min. The suitable pHs for mycelial growth and sporulation ranged from 6 to10 and from 4 to 8,respectively. The optimum pH for spore germination was 8. Alternation of light and darkness was beneficial for mycelial growth and sporulation. Continuous illumination inhibited the mycelial growth. The order of media suitable for mycelial growth were CA,PCA,PDA,CMA and OA in sequence. PDA was the most suitable medium for sporulation. The pathogen could infect multiple plant species such as Camptotheca acuminate and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis under wound inoculation conditions. The pathogen could easily produce conidia on common media without specific environmental requirements,and showed a wide host range and a short latent period of infection. This is the first report of Corynespora cassiicola causing leaf spot on Sanchezia nobilis.
引文
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[16]Madriz O K,Jorgensen H J,Nielsen K L,et al. First report of kalanchoe leaf and stem spot caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Denmark[J]. Plant Disease,2017,101(3):505.
[2]Wang H W,Chen W,Chen H B,et al. A checklist of ex situ cultivated flora of China(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Science Press(北京:科学出版社),2014.
[3]Fang Z D. Research methods of plant disease(3 rd)(in Chinese)[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press(北京:中国农业出版社),1998.
[4]Wei J C,Manual of mungal identification(in Chinese)[M]. Shanghai:Science and Technology Press(上海:科学技术出版社),1979.
[5]Lu J Y,Bai J K,Zhen X B,Plant pathogenic mycology(3rd)(in Chinese)[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press(北京:农业出版社),2001.
[6]Wang H Z,Deng Q,Cao M M,et al. Molecular identification and internal transcribed spacer regions analysis of pathogen causing cucumber Corynespora leaf spot(in Chinese)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica(华北农学报),2015,30(3):176-179.
[7]Lin S H,Huang S L,Zhang H,et al. Isolation and identification of Corynespora cassiicola causing banana leaf spot disease(in Chinese)[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops(热带作物学报),2011,32(1):152-157.
[8]Wang S,Huang G X,Li B X,et al. Pathogeny identification and biological characteristics of eggplant Corynespora leaf spot in Hainan(in Chinese)[J].M odern Agricultural Science and Technology(现代农业科技),2014,(20):106-108.112.
[9]Dixon L J,Schlub R L,Pernezny K,et al. Host specialization and phylogenetic diversity of Corynespora cassiicola[J].Phytopathology,2009,99:1015-1027.
[10]Lisboa W S,Macedo D M,Silva,et al. First report of Corynespora cassiicola on Pueraria phaseoloides(tropical kudzu)[J]. Australasian Plant Disease Notes,2016,11(1):17.
[11]Hieu N D,Nghia N A,Chi V T,et al. Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Corynespora cassiicola isolates from rubber trees and other hosts in Vietnam[J].Journal of Rubber Research,2014,17(3):187-203.
[12]Li Q L,Huang S P,Guo T X,et al. First report of leaf spot caused by Corynespora cassiicola on Baphicacanthus cusia in China[J]. Plant Disease,2013,97(5):690.
[13]Phan C K,Wei J G,Liu F,et al. First report of Corynespora leaf spot of eucalyptus in China[J]. Plant Disease,2015,99(3):419.
[14]Kang X,Miao W G,Jin P F,et al. First report of Corynespora cassiicola causing target spot in Moringa oleifera in China[J]. Plant Disease,2017,101(6):1040.
[15]Lee S H,Lee S K,Seo S T,et al. First report of leaf spot caused by Corynespora cassiicola on Paulownia coreana in Korea[J]. Plant Disease,2017,101(8):1547.
[16]Madriz O K,Jorgensen H J,Nielsen K L,et al. First report of kalanchoe leaf and stem spot caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Denmark[J]. Plant Disease,2017,101(3):505.