电网多火点山火灾害灭火装备优化调配模型
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摘要
针对电网输电线路附近爆发多火点山火灾害的情形,研究了多火点情形下灭火装备的最优调配方案,使电网风险降到最低。首先分析了多火点情形下火点风险评价指标,定义了灭火装备调配收益矩阵和方案矩阵,然后建立了灭火装备调配优化模型,将电网多火点山火灾害下灭火装备的优化调配问题转化为收益矩阵的元素选取问题,并提出了收益矩阵增零变换求解方法,可快速、准确地得到多火点山火灾害下灭火装备应急调配方案的理论最优解,使电网风险达到最小化。最后,将文中方法应用于实际案例,验证了所提方法的科学性和可行性。
In this paper, optimal dispatch strategy of fire extinguishing equipment, for minimizing risk of electric grid, is studied in case of wild fire disaster with multiple fire points near transmission lines. Firstly, fire risk evaluation index is analyzed, and gain matrix and strategy matrix are defined. Secondly, a dispatch model of fire extinguishing equipment is built. The problem of optimal dispatch of fire extinguishing equipment under fire disaster is transformed into element selection of gain matrix. The method of zero-increasing transformation of gain matrix is proposed. With this, theoretical optimal solution of fire extinguishing equipment dispatch strategy can be obtained rapidly and accurately, and the risk of electric grid is minimized. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a real case to verify its feasibility.
In this paper, optimal dispatch strategy of fire extinguishing equipment, for minimizing risk of electric grid, is studied in case of wild fire disaster with multiple fire points near transmission lines. Firstly, fire risk evaluation index is analyzed, and gain matrix and strategy matrix are defined. Secondly, a dispatch model of fire extinguishing equipment is built. The problem of optimal dispatch of fire extinguishing equipment under fire disaster is transformed into element selection of gain matrix. The method of zero-increasing transformation of gain matrix is proposed. With this, theoretical optimal solution of fire extinguishing equipment dispatch strategy can be obtained rapidly and accurately, and the risk of electric grid is minimized. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a real case to verify its feasibility.
引文
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[18]齐心跃,田彦涛,杨茂,等.基于市场机制的多机器人救火任务分配方案[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2009,27(5):506-513.Qi Xinyue,Tian Yantao,Yang Mao,et al.Market-based multi-robot task allocation for fire disaster response[J].Journal of Jilin University(Information Science Edition),2009,27(5):506-513(in Chinese).
[19]高杨祥.Robo Cup救援仿真平台中多智能体灭火方案[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2015.
[20]刘毓,陆佳政,罗晶,等.架空输电线路山火同步卫星广域监测与杆塔定位[J/OL].电网技术[2017-11-29].http://kns.cnki.net/kns/brief/default_result.aspx.DOI:10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2017.1812.
[21]薛禹胜.EEAC和FASTEST[J].电力系统自动化,1998,22(9):25-30,37.Xue Yusehng.EEAC and FASTEST[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,1998,22(9):25-30,37(in Chinese).
[22]吴勇军,薛禹胜,陆佳政,等.山火灾害对电网故障率的时空影响[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(3):14-20.Wu Yongjun,Xue Yusehng,Lu Jiazheng,et al.Space-time impact of forest fire on power grid fault probability[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(3):14-20(in Chinese).
[2]张行,王逸飞,何迪,等.电网防灾减灾现状分析及建议[J].电网技术,2016,40(9):2838-2844.Zhang Hang,Wang Yifei,He Di,et al.Overview of situation,problems and suggestions of disaster prevention and mitigation in power systems[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(9):2838-2844(in Chinese).
[3]巢亚锋,黄福勇,王成,等.架空输电线路山火应急处置工作现状及建议[J].湖南电力,2015,35(5):30-34.Chao Yafeng,Huang Fuyong,Wang Cheng,et al.Research and suggestion of forest fire emergency disposal for overhead transmission lines[J].Hunan Electric Power,2015,35(5):30-34(in Chinese).
[4]魏远航,刘思革,苏剑.基于枚举抽样法的城市电网风险评估[J].电网技术,2008,32(18):62-66.Wei Yuanhang,Liu Sige,Su Jian.Risk assessment of urban power network based on enumerative sampling method[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(18):62-66(in Chinese).
[5]史慧杰,葛斐,丁明,等.输电网络运行风险的在线评估[J].电网技术,2005,29(6):43-48.Shi Huijie,Ge Fei,Ding Ming,et al.Research on on-line assessment of transmission network operation risk[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(6):43-48(in Chinese).
[6]田立伟,肖先勇.基于层次分割的电网灾难性事故风险模糊评估法[J].四川电力技术,2014,37(2):22-26.Tian Liwei,Xiao Xianyong.An efficient risk fuzzy assessment method for catastrophic accident of power grid based on hierarchy partition[J].Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2014,37(2):22-26(in Chinese).
[7]高亚静,周明,李庚银,等.基于马尔可夫链和故障枚举法的可用输电能力计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(19):26-30.Gao Yajing,Zhou Ming,Li Gengyin,et al.Available transfer capability calculation based on Markov chain and enumeration method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(19):26-30(in Chinese).
[8]赵书强,李聪.快速配网风险评估[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(10):58-61.Zhao Shuqiang,Li Cong.Rapid risk assessment for the distributed grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(10):58-61(in Chinese).
[9]Lieber D,Nemirovskii A,Rubinstein R Y.A fast Monte-Carlo method for evaluating reliability indexes[J].IEEE Transaction on Reliability,1999,48(3):256-261.
[10]Pereria M V,Maceira M E P,Liveira G C.Combining analytical models and Monte-Carlo techniques in probabilistic power system analysis[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1992,7(1):265-272.
[11]姜艳萍,樊治平,袁娜.基于相似度计算的森林火灾应急响应方案选择方法[J].系统工程,2010,28(11):104-109.Jiang Yanping,Fan Zhiping,Yuan Na.A method for selecting forest emergency response alternatives[J].Systems Engineering,2010,28(11):104-109(in Chinese).
[12]刘勇.基于蚁群算法的应急救援最优路径研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2010.
[13]贾翠玲,王利利,徐明娜.基于改进蚁群算法的灭火机器人路径规划研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2012,33(4):157-160.Jia Cuiling,Wang Lili,Xu Mingna.Research on the path planning for tire-fighting robot based on the improved ant colony algorithm[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2012,33(4):157-160(in Chinese).
[14]金星.灭火救援系统中最优路径规划方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2008.
[15]余丹.基于蔓延预测的森林灭火资源调度系统[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2016.
[16]魏张玮.自适应火灾应急预案调整研究[D].济南:山东科技大学,2011.
[17]史胡毅,刘凯,吴田,等.输电线路运行安全影响因素分析及防治措施[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3491-3499.Hu Yi,Liu Kai,Wu Tian,et al.Analysis of influential factors on operation safety of transmission line and countermeasures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3491-3499(in Chinese).
[18]齐心跃,田彦涛,杨茂,等.基于市场机制的多机器人救火任务分配方案[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2009,27(5):506-513.Qi Xinyue,Tian Yantao,Yang Mao,et al.Market-based multi-robot task allocation for fire disaster response[J].Journal of Jilin University(Information Science Edition),2009,27(5):506-513(in Chinese).
[19]高杨祥.Robo Cup救援仿真平台中多智能体灭火方案[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2015.
[20]刘毓,陆佳政,罗晶,等.架空输电线路山火同步卫星广域监测与杆塔定位[J/OL].电网技术[2017-11-29].http://kns.cnki.net/kns/brief/default_result.aspx.DOI:10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2017.1812.
[21]薛禹胜.EEAC和FASTEST[J].电力系统自动化,1998,22(9):25-30,37.Xue Yusehng.EEAC and FASTEST[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,1998,22(9):25-30,37(in Chinese).
[22]吴勇军,薛禹胜,陆佳政,等.山火灾害对电网故障率的时空影响[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(3):14-20.Wu Yongjun,Xue Yusehng,Lu Jiazheng,et al.Space-time impact of forest fire on power grid fault probability[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(3):14-20(in Chinese).